油莎豆湿法脱皮工艺效果研究

研究了油莎豆湿法脱皮的工艺条件和工艺效果。以油莎豆的脱皮率和质量损失率为考察指标,研究浸泡液浓度、浸泡温度、浸泡时间对脱皮效果的影响。结果显示,油莎豆湿法脱皮的优化工艺条件为:浸泡液浓度5%、浸泡温度95℃、浸泡时间6 min,在此条件下油莎豆脱皮率可达到94.8%,质量损失率为15.8%。湿法脱皮油莎豆油的品质较未脱皮时的有所改善。     

浸泡液对糙米发芽的影响研究

发芽糙米是近一年兴起的一种新型保健食品,本实验重点研究了不同浸泡液对糙米发芽情况的影响。结果显示:较低浓度双氧水(H2O2)具有促进糙米发芽和增加芽长的作用,其中浓度为0.3%时,作用效果最显著(p<0.05)。针对不同种类的浸泡液(分别为:55.5mg/LCaCl2溶液、3%乙醇溶液、0.02mg/L赤霉素溶液、3%双氧水溶液和去离子水)的研究结果显示,在糙米发芽初期,0.3%的H2O2较其它浸泡液更能促进糙米发芽,缩短萌芽时间;在发芽48h后,经不同浸泡液处理的糙米,发芽率无显著差异。     

密胺餐具中三聚氰胺迁移量影响因素分析

目的 对密胺餐具中三聚氰胺迁移量影响因素进行分析。方法 以水、4%乙酸、50%乙醇3种溶剂为浸泡液, 在不同温度下浸泡不同时间, 其浸泡液过滤并用高效液相色谱-质谱法测定, 外标法定量。结果 密胺餐具中三聚氰胺的迁移量和迁移时间、迁移温度、迁移浸泡液相关。三聚氰胺的迁移量随着迁移时间增加、迁移温度升高而升高, 且在酸性模拟溶液中三聚氰胺的迁移量最大。浸泡液为4%乙酸时, 在100 ℃下浸泡1 h时, 三聚氰胺迁移量达到最大值, 密胺碗、饭勺、筷子的迁移量分别为1.94、1.35、1.61 mg/kg。结论 密胺餐具中的三聚氰胺在高温、酸性条件下易迁移, 建议消费者在使用过程中尽量避免在高温、酸性条件下使用, 选择大品牌的厂家生产的有QS标示的产品。     

磷酸盐提高海湾扇贝闭壳肌保水性的初步研究

采用正交试验对海湾扇贝复合磷酸盐保水剂进行开发与优化,以解冻损失率、蒸煮损失率和盐溶蛋白热诱导凝胶保水性(WHC)为考察指标,研究焦磷酸钠、三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠对海湾扇贝闭壳肌保水性的影响。试验结果表明:复配保水剂浸泡液各成分质量浓度最佳配比为焦磷酸钠2.2%、三聚磷酸钠0.8%、六偏磷酸钠0.6%,与对照组(蒸馏水浸泡)比较,海湾扇贝闭壳肌解冻损失率从21.89%降低到-4.15%,蒸煮损失率从61.20%降低到38.54%,盐溶蛋白热诱导凝胶的保水性为2.63%。     

南美白对虾虾仁无磷保水剂的响应面优化研究

为探讨氯化钠、碳酸氢钠和木薯淀粉对南美白对虾虾仁保水性的影响,利用响应面分析法(RSM)在单因素试验基础上,采用Box-Benhnken中心组合试验,以氯化钠、碳酸氢钠、木薯淀粉质量浓度为影响因素,以虾仁蒸煮损失率为响应值建立二次回归方程,通过响应面分析得到优化组合。最终确定复合无磷保水剂浸泡液中各组分的质量浓度为:氯化钠0.50%,碳酸氢钠0.50%,木薯淀粉1.50%,在此条件下,蒸煮损失率为17.59%。     

碱炼脱酸工艺条件对高酸值米糠油碱炼效果的影响

以高酸值米糠毛油为原料,分别采用一次碱炼脱酸和两次碱炼脱酸工艺,以油脂碱炼得率、脱色率、谷维素损失率、甾醇损失率为考察指标,研究碱液浓度对碱炼效果的影响,并对两种碱炼脱酸工艺效果进行比较。结果显示:两次碱炼脱酸与一次碱炼脱酸相比,相同碱液浓度条件下,油脂碱炼得率平均提高4.89%,谷维素损失率平均降低5.87%,甾醇损失率在碱液浓度较低(12°Bè~20°Bè)时,两次碱炼甾醇损失率明显比一次碱炼低(平均低12.64%),但在碱液浓度超过24°Bè之后,两次碱炼的甾醇损失率比一次碱炼高,也即在高浓度碱液条件下,减少碱炼次数对减少甾醇损失是有利的。米糠毛油两次碱炼脱酸时,一道碱炼的碱液浓度为28°Bè,二道碱炼的碱液浓度为12°Bè时谷维素损失率最低,16°Bè时甾醇损失率最低,碱液浓度对碱炼得率和脱色率的影响不显著。     

油相浓度对姜黄素纳米乳液稳定性的影响

以中链甘油三酯为油相,卵磷脂为乳化剂,采用高压均质技术制备出含不同油相浓度的姜黄素纳米乳液,于4、25和55℃条件下贮藏30 d,研究不同油相浓度对姜黄素纳米乳液稳定性的影响。结果表明:油相浓度较低(5%、10%)时,姜黄素纳米乳液具有较高的稳定性,姜黄素保留率分别达到48.50%和48.99%,粒径增加了0.79%和15.78%;且4℃贮藏时,其理化稳定性表现最好,30 d后姜黄素损失率仅为14.98%。      

高速逆流色谱分离大豆皂苷和异黄酮

为建立一种同时分离大豆皂苷和异黄酮的制备方法,用高速逆流色谱,在正丁醇-乙酸-水溶剂体系下分离大豆异黄酮和皂苷,并通过调整乙酸含量得到最优的溶剂体系。结果表明,在该体系下可得到分离度很高的两个峰,第一个峰主要为大豆异黄酮,第二个峰为大豆皂苷。随着乙酸含量的增加,皂苷逐渐集中于第二个峰,大豆异黄酮和大豆皂苷被逐渐分开。正丁醇-5%乙酸-水,体系对大豆异黄酮和皂苷达到最好的分离效果。大豆粗提物进样量过大时,不利于两者的分离,在流动相流速为3 mL/min时,最佳的进样量为100 mg。     

不同浸泡方式对芹菜中硝酸盐去除率的比较

目的:比较不同浸泡液对芹菜中硝酸盐的去除效果,确定最佳的浸泡液和浸泡条件.方法: 用紫外分光光度法测定了在不同的温度、浓度、时间、浸泡液等条件下对芹菜中硝酸盐的去除率.结果: H2O2溶液对芹菜中硝酸盐的去除率明显高于自来水和洗洁精,且在温度为30 ℃时,用浓度为0.01 mol/L的H2O2溶液浸泡50 min,去除率可达71.9%,效果最好.结论:利用H2O2做浸泡液对芹菜进行浸泡处理,不仅要考虑硝酸盐的去除率,同时要考虑营养成分的损失,其最佳浸泡方式的确定有待于进一步研究.     

鸡爪中过氧化氢残留量的影响因素研究和检测方法比较

目的模拟凤爪生产过程,研究不同因素对鸡爪中过氧化氢残留量的影响和不同检测方法结果的比较。方法本文用过氧化氢溶液浸泡鸡爪,控制浸泡液浓度和浸泡时间,采用GB 5009.226-2016中钛盐比色法和碘量法测定鸡爪中过氧化氢的残留量。同时进行加标回收和实际样品检测实验。结果当浸泡液浓度达到1.0×103mg/kg及以上时,只需浸泡20 min即在鸡爪中检出较高过氧化氢残留量。鸡爪中过氧化氢残留量随浸泡液浓度和浸泡时间的增加而增加。碘量法和钛盐比色法的检测结果相一致。回收率为86.0%～91.2%,相对标准偏差均小于3.41%(n=6)。结论 2种方法均能有效检测鸡爪中残留过氧化氢。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press