复合型钴锌纳米线的制备及其脱硫性能

采用水热法合成了Co–ZnO复合纳米线,通过改变Na OH浓度考察其对Co–ZnO复合纳米线结构和形貌的影响,并用等体积浸渍法负载金属Ni,制备反应吸附脱硫剂。以正庚烷/噻吩为模拟油,在反应温度为320℃、压力0.6 MPa、进料的体积空速为6 h–1及氢油体积比为100:1的条件下,考察了复合型钴锌纳米线负载镍脱硫剂、负载型镍钴锌脱硫剂和无钴添加负载型镍锌脱硫剂的脱硫性能。结果表明:Na OH浓度为1 mol/L时制备的Co–ZnO复合纳米线有良好的纳米形貌,负载活性组分Ni后脱硫效果最好;复合型钴锌纳米线负载镍脱硫剂中Co掺杂比负载型脱硫剂更均匀,Co掺杂使氧化态的Ni变得容易还原,相同条件下可以得到更多的活性位,进而有利于脱硫剂脱硫,其脱硫性能明显高于负载型镍钴锌脱硫剂和无钴添加负载型镍锌脱硫剂,达到93%(质量分数)以上。     

干法脱硫剂脱除SO_2的机理及动力学研究进展

综述了钙基脱硫剂、吸附型脱硫剂、金属氧化物脱硫剂和负载型脱硫剂的脱硫机理,并介绍了活性炭脱硫剂、金属氧化物脱硫剂和负载型脱硫剂的动力学研究现状。     

干法脱硫剂脱除SO_2的机理及动力学研究进展

综述了钙基脱硫剂、吸附型脱硫剂、金属氧化物脱硫剂和负载型脱硫剂的脱硫机理,并介绍了活性炭脱硫剂、金属氧化物脱硫剂和负载型脱硫剂的动力学研究现状。     

负载型氧化锌脱硫剂脱硫性能的改善

单一氧化锌负载型脱硫剂脱硫精度可达到0.1×10-6,但其硫容量相对较低.采用共浸渍法制备ZnO-MnO2/γ-Al2O3负载型H2S脱硫剂,通过XRD和BET等手段研究了MnO2对脱硫剂物相及比表面积的影响.并在固定床反应器中考察了Zn/Mn摩尔比、负载量、烧结温度和脱硫温度对脱硫性能的影响.结果表明,活性组分锌锰摩尔比为8∶1,负载量为20％的脱硫剂有较好的脱硫性能,脱硫精度小于0.1×10-6的同时,最高硫容量可达19.08 g S/100 g(ZnO-MnO2).MnO2的加入可以明显改善氧化锌负载型脱硫剂的脱硫性能.     

固相法制备ZnO/改性半焦脱硫剂及其脱硫性能研究

采用固相法制备了Zn O/改性半焦脱硫剂,在固定床反应器上考察了负载比、活性组分质量分数、焙烧温度、焙烧时间和助剂质量分数对脱硫剂脱硫性能的影响,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、氮吸附技术对最优条件下制备的脱硫剂进行了表征。试验得到的Zn O/改性半焦脱硫剂的最佳制备条件为:负载比(Zn O与改性半焦质量比)5∶3,活性组分质量分数30%,焙烧温度600℃,焙烧时间2 h,助剂质量分数4%。固相法制备的脱硫剂结晶度好,脱硫剂脱硫前后比表面积、孔容、孔径变化较小,表明脱硫剂中载体改性半焦的孔隙结构未受到破坏,有利于脱硫剂的后期再生。     

常温金属氧化物脱硫剂研究综述

对氧化锌、氧化铜和氧化铁的脱硫机理进行阐述,分析了常温下单一金属氧化物脱硫剂在不同制备方法和工艺条件对脱硫性能的影响,单一金属氧化物常温下脱硫性能较差。复合型金属氧化物可以有效地增加反应活性,改善了脱硫剂在常温下的脱硫性能。负载型金属氧化物采用多孔材料为载体,提高了活性组分在其表面的分散性,缓解了脱硫剂表面出现闭孔或变得致密的情况,进而有效地提高脱硫剂的脱硫性能。     

低阶煤原位制备ZnO基活性炭脱硫剂

将金属氧化物活性组分通过浸渍负载的方式分散到多孔载体上,是制备高活性金属氧化物脱硫剂的常用方法。然而,由于活性组分的负载易使载体孔隙率下降,导致活性组分的脱硫能力不能充分发挥。本文直接以廉价的低阶煤为原料,经过预处理后在煤中加入硝酸锌,通过物理-化学活化法一步制备ZnO基活性炭常温脱硫剂,即将活性炭的制备与活性组分的负载一步完成。研究了硝酸锌加入量、活化温度和活化时间对脱硫剂脱硫性能的影响。结果表明：当硝酸锌加入量为20%（质量）,活化温度为850℃,活化时间为1 h时,脱硫剂的穿透时间为210 min,其对应的穿透硫容为71.4 mg/g,其脱硫性能是同等实验条件下商业活性炭负载ZnO脱硫剂的5.3倍,较高的脱硫性能主要归因于其发达的介孔孔隙,不仅有利于传质,而且有利于硫化产物的存储。     

CuO/ATP常温脱硫剂的制备及其性能评价

用直接沉淀法制备了负载型CuO/ATP常温脱硫剂,用TEM、XRD对CuO/ATP进行了表征,并从扩散及热力学角度分析了焙烧温度、负载量、流速、硫化温度对H₂S吸附性能的影响。结果表明,CuO分散在ATP表面,而其分散状态取决于焙烧温度和负载量。焙烧温度过高或负载量过高都将导致CuO的分散性变差,降低气体在脱硫剂中的扩散速率,使得脱硫剂的活性降低。降低流速可使脱硫剂的利用率达到97%,而降低硫化温度至0℃时,脱硫剂性能仍然表现良好,硫容达到了33.17%。     

纳米氧化锌介孔脱硫剂的制备方法

本发明涉及一种纳米氧化锌介孔脱硫剂的制备方法,以介孔材料为脱硫剂载体,以纳米级氧化锌颗粒作为脱硫催化剂,并将纳米级氧化锌颗粒负载在介孔材料上,得到含氧化锌的介孔脱硫剂。     

半焦负载铁基脱硫剂及其焦炉煤气脱硫特性

对超声波辅助浸渍法制备褐煤半焦为载体的Fe及Fe-Cu脱硫剂可行性进行了研究,考察了脱硫剂最佳制备工艺和硫化温度对脱硫剂硫化性能的影响.通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)及带有能谱分析的电子扫描显微镜(SEM-EDS)分析硫化前后脱硫剂的晶体结构和表面形貌的变化,利用傅立叶红外仪(FTIR)分析表征脱硫前后的脱硫剂官能团变化.结果表明,当超声清洗器功率为100 W时,制取脱硫剂的最佳条件是超声浸渍时间为5h,共沉淀时间为3h,超声波水浴温度为60℃.活性半焦负载的脱硫剂能够有效脱除焦炉煤气中的H2S和COS.随着硫化温度的升高,穿透时间和硫容均增加,在脱硫温度为400℃时具有最大的穿透硫容和穿透时间,且Cu元素的加入使半焦负载的铁基脱硫剂脱硫效果明显增强.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.