基于MC9S12芯片的发动机电子点火系统

介绍了摩托罗拉16位单片机MC9S12DP256的结构、特点及其区别于其它单片机的优势,通过在一款参与自行开发的三缸汽油发动机电控单元ECU的实际应用,介绍了MC9S12系列芯片在控制系统方面的应用方法.     

用MC9S12H256实现异步电机变频调速

介绍目前国内应用较少的Motorola公司16位单片机MC9S12H256；详细阐述使用该型号单片机实现闭环变频调速系统的设计方案；着重讨论MC9S12H256用于在调速时特有的优势。     

用MC9S12H256实现异步电机变频调速

介绍目前国内应用较少的Motorola公司16位单片机MC9S12H256;详细阐述使用该型号单片机实现闭环变频调速系统的设计方案;着重讨论MC9S12H256用于变频调速时特有的优势.     

嵌入式互联网络接口的设计与实现

分析了基于单片机的单芯片以太网连接方案,介绍了MC9S12NE64型单片机的特点,给出了基于MC9S12NE64的以太网络接口的软硬件实现。最后给出了一个嵌入式网关的应用实例。该方案具有系统开销小、稳定性高等优点。     

S12X系列双核单片机的整车控制器CAN结点设计

XGATE内核的MC9S12XE系列双核单片机具有数据处理速度快、反应时间短、功耗低等优点,在汽车电子领域有着很好的应用前景。本文介绍了Freescale公司MC9S12X系列双核单片机在混合动力汽车整车控制器中应用的优点,给出了其进行CAN总线通信的硬件接口设计与执行流程。最后给出了其利用协处理器XGATE管理CAN总线通信的典型配置方法。     

基于MC9S12DP256的燃料电池电动汽车整车控制器硬件研制

应用Motorola公司16位单片机MC9S12DP256,研制了某燃料电池电动汽车的整车控制器。鉴于燃料电池电动汽车的特殊工作环境,重点介绍了整车控制器的可靠性设计。     

从MC9S12D到MC9S12XS

从第四届全国大学生"飞思卡尔"杯智能车竞赛开始,竞赛组委会推荐使用MC9S12XS128单片机替代前三届竞赛中使用的MC9S12DG128。S12X是新一代双核单片机,制造工艺从0.25μm进步到0.18μm;总线频率从25MHz提高到40MHz;S12XS单片机保留了S12X CPU,去掉了另一个CPU-XGate,保留了技术进步,提高了性能,简化了操作。     

基于I2C总线的PCF8576CT液晶驱动芯片的应用

介绍了一款新型液晶显示器的电路设计和软件实现。该显示器以Freescale公司HCS12系列单片机MC9S12E64为主控制器,以支持I2C总线协议的PCF8576CT芯片为显示驱动。简要介绍了PCF8576CT的工作原理、单片机MC9S12E64对I2C总线的操作,并通过实例给出了电路原理图和接口程序,同时讨论了PCF8576CT的应用。该液晶显示器具有微功耗、体积小、电路设计简单、液晶显示清晰、响应速度快、维护更新方便等优点,在温度、压力、流量等许多应用领域具有巨大的经济和使用价值,拥有广阔的应用前景。     

基于MC9S12XS128的电力交流采样系统设计

介绍一种基于MC9S12XS128单片机的适用于低压配电网的多通道电力交流采样系统的设计。     

基于MC9S12NE64的千兆以太网交换机设计

介绍了MC9S12NE64单片机的功能特性及以MC9S12NE64为CPU的交换机设计,详细阐述了8FE+2GE千兆以太网交换机的软硬件设计,比较了本设计与单芯片实现以太网设计的优缺点。本设计突出特点是交换机之间可以连成自愈环,有快速故障检测和恢复的功能。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

An Analysis of the Criteria for Evaluating Adequate Theories of Computation

This paper deals with the question: What are the criteria that an adequate theory of computation has to meet? (1) Smith’s answer: it has to meet the empirical criterion (i.e. doing justice to computational practice), the conceptual criterion (i.e. explaining all the underlying concepts) and the cognitive criterion (i.e. providing solid grounds for computationalism). (2) Piccinini’s answer: it has to meet the objectivity criterion (i.e. identifying computation as a matter of fact), the explanation criterion (i.e. explaining the computer’s behaviour), the right things compute criterion, the miscomputation criterion (i.e. accounting for malfunctions), the taxonomy criterion (i.e. distinguishing between different classes of computers) and the empirical criterion. (3) Von Neumann’s answer: it has to meet the precision and reliability of computers criterion, the single error criterion (i.e. addressing the impacts of errors) and the distinction between analogue and digital computers criterion. (4) “Everything” computes answer: it has to meet the implementation theory criterion by properly explaining the notion of implementation.     

一种面向查询的多文档摘要方法

面向查询的多文档摘要技术有两个难点 第一,为了保证摘要与查询密切相关,容易造成摘要内容重复,不够全面;第二,原始查询难以完整描述查询意图,需进行查询扩展,而现有查询扩展方法多依赖于外部语义资源。针对以上问题,该文提出一种面向查询的多文档摘要方法,利用主题分析技术识别出当前主题下的子主题,综合考虑句子所在的子主题与查询的相关度以及子主题的重要度两方面因素来选择摘要句,并根据词语在子主题之间的共现信息,在不使用任何外部知识的情况下,进行查询扩展。在DUC2006评测语料上的实验结果表明,与Baseline系统相比,该系统取得了更高的ROUGE评价值,基于子主题的查询扩展方法则进一步提高了摘要的质量。     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

A method of defuzzification based on the approach of areas' ratio

The new method of defuzzification of output parameters from the base of fuzzy rules for a Mamdani fuzzy controller is given in the paper. The peculiarity of the method is the usage of the universal equation for the area computation of the geometric shapes. During the realization of fuzzy inference linguistic terms, the structure changes from the triangular into a trapezoidal shape. That is why the universal equation is used. The method is limited and can be used only for the triangular and trapezoidal membership functions. Gaussian functions can also be used while modifying the proposed method. Traditional defuzzification models such as Middle of Maxima − MoM, First of Maxima − FoM, Last of Maxima − LoM, First of Suppport − FoS, Last of Support − LoS, Middle of Support − MoS, Center of Sums − CoS, Model of Height − MoH have a number of systematic errors: curse of dimensionality, partition of unity condition and absence of additivity. The above-mentioned methods can be seen as Center of Gravity − CoG, which has the same errors. These errors lead to the fact that accuracy of fuzzy systems decreases, because during the training root mean square error increases. One of the reasons that provokes the errors is that some of the activated fuzzy rules are excluded from the fuzzy inference. It is also possible to increase the accuracy of the fuzzy system through properties of continuity. The proposed method guarantees fulfilling of the property of continuity, as the intersection point of the adjustment linguistic terms equals 0.5 when a parametrized membership function is used. The causes of errors and a way to delete them are reviewed in the paper. The proposed method excludes errors which are inherent to the traditional and non- traditional models of defuzzification. Comparative analysis of the proposed method of defuzzification with traditional and non-traditional models shows its effectiveness.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

Impact of cognitive theory on the practice of courseware authoring

Abstract The cognitive revolution has yielded unprecedented progress in our understanding of higher cognitive processes such as remembering and learning. It is natural to expect this scientific breakthrough to inform and guide the design of instruction in general and computer-based instruction in particular. In this paper I survey the different ways in which recent advances in cognitive theory might influence the design of computer-based instruction and spell out their implications for the design of authoring tools and tutoring system shells. The discussion will be divided into four main sections. The first two sections deal with the design and the delivery of instruction. The third section analyzes the consequences for authoring systems. In the last section I propose a different way of thinking about this topic.     

CONFLUENT POSSIBILITY DISTRIBUTIONS AND THEIR REPRESENTATIONS

Possibilistic distributions admit both measures of uncertainty and (metric) distances defining their information closeness. For general pairs of distributions these measures and metrics were first introduced in the form of integral expressions. Particularly important are pairs of distributions p and q which have consonant ordering—for any two events x and y in the domain of discourse p(x)⪋ p(y) if and only if q(x) ⪋ q(y). We call such distributions confluent and study their information distances.

This paper presents discrete sum form of uncertainty measures of arbitrary distributions, and uses it to obtain similar representations of metrics on the space of confluent distributions. Using these representations, a number of properties like additivity. monotonicity and a form of distributivity are proven. Finally, a branching property is introduced, which will serve (in a separate paper) to characterize axiomatically possibilistic information distances.     

CCD camera modeling and simulation

In this paper we propose a modeling of an acquisition line made up of a CCD camera, a lens and a frame grabber card. The purpose of this modeling is to simulate the acquisition process in order to obtain images of virtual objects. The response time has to be short enough to permit interactive simulation. All the stages are modelised: in the first phase, we present a geometric model which supplies a point to point transformation that provides, for a space point in the camera field, the corresponding point on the plane of the CCD sensor. The second phase consists of modeling the discrete space which implies passing from the continous known object view to a discrete image, in accordance with the different orgin of the contrast loss. In the third phase, the video signal is reconstituted in order to be sampled by the frame grabber card. The practical results are close to reality when compared to image processing. This tool makes it possible to obtain a short computation time simulation of a vision sensor. This enables interactivity either with the user or with software for the design/simulation of an industrial workshop equipped with a vision system. It makes testing possible and validates the choice of sensor placement and image processing and analysis. Thanks to this simulation tool, we can control perfectly the position of the object image placed under the camera and in this way, we can characterise the performance of subpixel accuracy determining methods for object positioning.     

Gain-scheduled H ∞ filtering of parameter-varying discrete-time systems via parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions

This paper is concerned with the problem of gain-scheduled H _∞ filter design for a class of parameter-varying discrete-time systems. A new LMI-based design approach is proposed by using parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions. Recommended by Editorial Board member Huanshui Zhang under the direction of Editor Jae Weon Choi. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China under Grants 60874058, by 973 program No 2009CB320600, but also the National Natural Science Foundation of Province of Zhejiang under Grants Y107056, and in part by a Research Grant from the Australian Research Council. Shaosheng Zhou received the B.S. degree in Applied Mathematics and the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering, in January 1992, July 1996 and October 2001, from Qufu Normal University and Southeast University. His research interests include nonlinear control and stochastic systems. Baoyong Zhang received the B.S. and M.Sc. degrees in Applied Mathematics, in July 2003 and July 2006, all from Qufu Normal University. His research interests include and nonlinear systems, robust control and filtering. Wei Xing Zheng received the B.Sc. degree in Applied Mathematics and the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering, in January 1982, July 1984 and February 1989, respectively, all from the Southeast University, Nanjing, China. His research interests include signal processing and system identification.