Ag和Ta离子双注入Ti6Al4V合金表面改性

采用先注入1×1017ion/cm2Ag离子,注入能量为64.2keV;后注入1.5×1017ion/cm2Ta离子,注入能量为146.5keV对Ti6Al4V合金进行离子双注入表面改性。采用X射线衍射分析离子双注入前后Ti6Al4V合金表面的物相;利用X射线光电子能谱研究离子双注入前后Ti6Al4V合金表面元素化合态以及离子双注入Ti6Al4V合金表面元素浓度沿深度方向的分布。结果表明,离子双注入前后Ti6Al4V合金表面都被氧化了,离子注入前合金表面存在TiO、Ti2O3和Al2O3,离子双注入后Ti6Al4V合金表面有TiO2、Ta2O5、TaOx和AgO2新相生成,且在表面还存在少量V2O5和Al2O3。离子双注入合金表面生成的氧化物层形成了扩散阻挡层,阻挡铝离子和钒离子向外扩散,从而减少Ti6Al4V合金表面铝离子和钒离子的释放量。     

N^＋离子注入TiNi形状记忆合金的微观表面分析

对TiNi形状记忆合金N+离子注入后进行了XRD分析以及XPS分析.N+离子注入的能量为75keV,束流为16.3μA/cm2,注量分别为3×1017N+cm-2和8×1017N+cm-2,注入过程中温度低于200℃.XRD和XPS分析结果都表明N+离子注入试样后以TiN的形式存在;且由于离子注入时的真空度较低,在注入层的表面也形成了少量的TiO2;由于Ni的溅射系数比Ti的大,在试样XPS宽程扫描图中,没有出现Ni的信号.     

铝合金等离子体基离子注入氮／钛层的结构

用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和小掠射角X射线衍射（GXRD）研究了铝合LY12等离子体基离子注入氮／钛改性层的结构。结果表明。氮在注入层呈高斯分布,而钛沿注入方向逐渐减少。钛的注入对已注入的氮的分布有重要影响。钛的等离子体密度直接影响钛在改性层中的成分、相结构。改性层主要由TiO2,Al2O3,Aln,TiAl3,TiN或Ti组成。     

Ag离子注入Ti6Al4V合金抗Hank’s溶液腐蚀性能研究

采用注入不同剂量5×1016, 1×1017, 5×1017和9×1017ions/cm2,加速电压30 kV对Ti6Al4V合金进行Ag离子注入表面改性。使用动电位极化曲线研究Ag离子注入前后Ti6Al4V合金抗Hank’s溶液腐蚀性能,利用小角掠射X射线衍射技术研究Ag离子注入前后Ti6Al4V合金表面物相组成,用X射线光电子能谱技术分析离子注入合金表面和腐蚀样品表面元素存在的化合态。结果表明,Ag离子注入提高了合金抗Hank’s溶液腐蚀性能,腐蚀电流密度随Ag离子注入剂量的增加稍有变化。离子注入Ti6Al4V合金表面的氧化物腐蚀阻挡层、离子注入表面合金层和表面生成的Ag和TiAg有利于合金抗Hank’s溶液腐蚀性能的改善     

空气等离子体基注入Ti6Al4V合金摩擦学性能研究

采用空气等离子体基离子注入技术对Ti6Al4V合金进行了表面改性。注入负脉冲电压分别为10kV,30kV,50kV,注入剂量为0.6×1017ions/cm2。用X射线光电子能谱仪对注入层元素分布进行了分析,结果表明:改性层的外层为TiO2,外层与内层基体之间存在Ti2O3、TiO、TiN;采用球盘磨损试验机对注入层的摩擦学性能进行了研究。结果表明:随着注入电压的增加,摩擦因数减小,耐磨性能提高。且以50kV注空气最为显著,摩擦因数较基体降低了3倍多,磨损体积与比磨损率较基体均下降了1个数量级以上。注入层硬度比基材Ti6Al4V也有明显提高。     

铝合金表面氮和钛等离子体基离子注入改性层XPS研究

用XPS(X射线光电子能谱 )和GXRD(小掠射角X射线衍射 )研究了铝合金等离子体基离子注入氮再注入钛最后复合注入氮和钛改性层的成分分布及相结构 ,并用Gaussian Lorentzion峰位拟合方法分析了改性层中不同深度处各元素的化学态及其在相结构中的分布。结果表明 ,复合改性层的表层有较高浓度的氮和钛 ,次表层有较高浓度的钛及一定浓度的氮 ,铝 /钛界面有较宽的过渡区 ,基体中氮呈高斯分布。改性层主要由TiN ,TiO2 ,α Ti,TiAl3 ,Al2 O3 和AlN等组成 ,氮和氧还以固溶态的形式存在。最表层含有大量TiN及部分TiO2 ;次表层含有大量α Ti及许多TiN ;过渡层由TiO2 ,TiN ,TiAl3 ,Al2 O3 和AlN等组成 ;注氮层包括AlN ,Al2 O3 及α(Al)。各元素在相应相结构中的浓度分布与其成分深度分布基本相似。     

Ti-2Al-2.5Zr合金N+离子注入表面XPS和XRD分析

Ti-2Al-2.5Zr合金中注入能量为75keV的N+离子, 注入剂量为3×1017/cm2和8×1017/cm2, 注入过程样品的温度低于200℃. N+离子在Ti-2Al-2.5Zr合金中的射程借助TRIM 96程序计算为1222. 注入后的样品用X射线衍射方法(XRD)以及光电子能谱方法(XPS)进行分析. XRD衍射谱表明有新相生成, 经分析为TiN和TiO2, 但这些新相的峰非常微弱, 很难区分. XPS宽程扫描谱表明注入后样品表面主要为Ti, C, N和O. XPS关于Ti2p和N1s窄程扫描谱表明N+离子注入后在合金表面确实形成了TiN和TiO2.     

纯镁表面注入钛离子研究

采用离子注入法在纯镁表面注入Ti离子。用XRD和EDS对镀层进行分析。结果表明。Ti离子的注入深度为1．5μm左右，注入层由MgO、TiO2、TiO等氧化物组成，硬度提高。     

Ti离子注入对Al阳极氧化膜层阻抗性质的影响

对L3纯Al进行了Ti离子注入与阳极氧化,用X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）分析了阳极氧化膜层的表面成分,利用电化学阻抗谱（EIS）研究了阳极氧化膜的腐蚀行为,结果表明,Ti离子以TiO2的形式存在于Al阳极氧化膜层中,Ti离子的注入并不影响Al阳极氧化膜的非晶结构,Ti离子注入可以使Al阳极氧化膜在酸性和碱性的NaCl溶液中的阻抗参数R明显提高,参数C降低。     

Ti6A14V合金等离子体基氧离子注入层的层状结构

采用等离子体基氧离子注入技术对Ti6A14V合金进行表面改性.注入负脉冲电压分别为10、20、30、40、50kV,注入剂量为0.6×1017 ions/cm2.用XPS分析了注氧层中元素的分布和化学态.结果显示,注入电压增加,氧的浓度深度分布增加.注入氧元素的浓度深度分布曲线不同于束线式注入氧元素的类高斯分布,表面氧浓度最大,随着深度的增加出现一个略倾斜的氧浓度平台,该平台的宽度随注入电压增加而增加.氧离子注入引起基体元素Ti、Al、V的浓深分布发生变化,近表面区域Ti的原子百分含量减少,Al的含量增高,而V未检测到.并且随着注入电压的增加,近表面区域富集Al的浓度明显增加,富Al贫V的区域也明显加大.注入样品的改性层具有相似的层状结构,由表及里依次为表面污染层、TiO2和Al2O3组成薄的外层、内层在改性层中占的比例最大,由TiO2、Ti2O3、TiO、Ti、Al、Al2O3,V和VO组成.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.