香料1—异丁氧基—1—正丁醇乙酸酯的合成

以（Ｎ（Ｂｕ）Ｂｒ为相转移催化剂，用于α－氯代正丁基异丁与无水乙酸钠之间的亲核取代反应，首次合成了１－异丁氧基－１－正丁醇乙酸酯，产率达６０．２％，该化合物具有清新愉快的甜香气，富有浓郁自然特色。     

1—异丁氧基—1—乙醇乙酸酯的合成

以三聚乙醛、异丁醇与无水乙酸钠为反应物，〔Ｎ（Ｂｕ）４〕Ｂｒ为相转移催化剂，合成了１－异丁氧基－１－乙醇乙酸酯，产率达５０％。该化合物具有清新愉快的果香气，富有浓郁自然特色。     

2－丁氧基－5－（1，1，3，3－四甲基丁基）－苯硫酸的合成

以４－（１，１，３，３－四甲基丁基）－苯酚２为原料，通过３步合成了２－丁氧基－５－（１，１，３，３－四甲基丁基）－苯硫酚１。４－（１，１，３，３－四甲丁基）－苯酚２是由苯酚与二聚异丁烯（Ｄｉｉｓｏｂｕｔｙｌｅｎｅ）在硫酸存在下反应制得。３个化合物的结构以１ＨＮＭＲ予以表征。     

天然橡胶／1，2－聚丁二烯共混物在热氧作用下的网络结构分析

用化学应力弛豫法和Ｆｌｏｒｙ交联网络理论分析了在热氧作用下天然橡胶／１，２－聚丁二烯（ＮＲ／１，２－ＰＢ）共混物硫化胶的网络结构特征，并与ＮＲ／丁苯橡胶、ＮＲ硫化胶作了对比，以考察１，２－ＰＢ对ＮＲ／１，２－ＰＢ共混物老化性能的影响。结果表明，１，２－ＰＢ的乙烯基侧基所具有的特殊交联特性，以及在热氧作用下多硫键的重排，是１，２－ＰＢ对ＮＲ改性的主要原因。ＮＲ／１，２－ＰＢ共混比以７５／２５（质量比）时的综合性能最佳。     

4－（1－哌啶基）哌啶的合成

以苄胺和丙烯酸甲酯为原料，经加成、迪克曼缩合、脱羧制得１－苄基－４－哌啶酮。后者与哌啶通过脱水缩合、氧化还原、还原脱苄得到４－（１－哌啶基）哌啶。     

1－异丁氧基－1－乙醇乙酸酯的合成

以三聚乙醛、异丁醇与无水乙酸钠为反应物，［Ｎ（Ｂｕ）＿４］Ｂｒ为相转移催化剂，合成了１－异丁氧基－１－乙醇乙酸酯，产率达５０％。该化合物具有清新愉快的果香气，富有浓郁自然特色。     

2－羟基－3－烯丙氧基－1－丙烷磺酸盐的合成

用合成的１－氯－２－羟基－３－烯丙氧基丙烷中间体，经磺化作用，制得２－羟基－３－烯丙氧基－１－丙烷磺酸盐（ＨＡＰＳ）。经元素分析、红外光谱分析和核磁共振谱分析，确证了ＨＡＰＳ的结构。     

α－乙酰－γ－丁内酯合成工艺优化

以醋酸酯类为酰化剂，由－γ丁内酯（ＧＢＬ）和乙酸乙酯催化合成α－乙酰－γ－丁内酯（ＡＢＬ）。探讨了各因素对ＡＢＬ收率的影响，获得了最优工艺参数。其收率为８４．５２％，含量达８９．９３％。     

3，5－二氯－1－甲基－4－吡唑羧酸的制备

３，５－二氯－１－甲基－４－吡唑羧酸酯作为起始原料，用一步法制备了３，５－二氯－１－甲基－４－吡唑羧酸。     

地老虎性信息素类似物E－7－十五碳烯－1－醇乙酸酯的合成

以紫胶桐酸为原料，经三步反应合成了地老虎性信息素类似物Ｅ－７－十五碳稀－１－醇乙酸酯。关键步骤是１６－羟基－９Ｅ－十六碳烯酸（２）在ＤＢＵ作用下的脱羧反应。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。