基于CCSDS标准的卫星数据处理软件设计

根据空间数据协商委员会（ CCSDS）制定的分包遥测数据格式标准，航天器可以利用有限的信道资源，合理、分时地将遥测信息向地面传输。这对遥测数据处理软件提出了更高的要求。针对此问题，结合CCSDS标准，文章提出了一种解帧和解包实现方案，设计了适用于某卫星的数据处理软件，完成了对CCSDS数据的解析。实验表明，该数据处理软件可高效可靠地完成科学数据的解帧和解包操作。     

CCSDS分包遥测在航天器通信中的设计及应用

天地通信链路是航天器与地面测控站之间的数据通道,数据的安全性对航天器非常重要。针对航天器天地通信链路长、易受干扰、数据量大的特点,提出了一种适于航天器天地通信用的CCSDS分包遥测策略。结合空间通信协议规范,设计了可用于航天器空间网络和地面环境通信的方法,并在天地通信链路中进行试验验证。结果表明,采用CCSDS分包遥测策略,通过空间通信网络下传的遥测数据可被地面正确的获取和解析。同时,通过模块化的软件设计,可方便地将CCSDS分包遥测策略移植于多种航天器型号中。     

基于分包体制的卫星遥测信息流设计

随着FPGA、ASIC技术在卫星遥控遥测领域的广泛应用,使得地面对卫星遥测的动态性能得到很大改善的同时,地面接收到的遥测数据量也急剧增加,目前基于PCM的遥测信息流体制已经逐渐不能满足现行卫星遥测的需求,提出了基于CCSDS标准下的分包体制的遥测信息流设计思想,在详细分析分包遥测特点的基础上,结合卫星动态管理实现的要求,给出了分包遥测的具体设计方案及应用方法.     

CCSDS分包遥控协议分析

空间数据系统委员会（CCSDS,Consultative Committee for Space Data System）所发布的标准在窄间数据通信领域起着极其重要的作用,很多标准已经转化为ISO国际标准。分包遥控（TC）协议主要用于地面对航天器的控制,其安全性和准确性对航天器至关重要。着重对TC协议进行通信进程演算（CCS）,通过演算没有发现协议中有死锁与活锁等问题,为今后CCSDS协议（如PSLS）的开发提供了有效的分析方法。     

空间信息传输网络层协议分析

网络层处于空间信息传输协议体系的关键层,其协议选择关系着能否实现未来航天任务提出的动态数据传输、灵活路由选择、与地面网络的互操作性等技术要求。对CCSDS空间分包协议、SCPS-NP协议和IP协议等可用于空间通信的网络层协议进行了总结分析,并从功能、地址空间、协议开销和技术成熟度及产品支持等方面进行了比较。可以看出,IP协议是未来空间任务的合理选择。对于没有空间链路路由选择的任务,可先使用CCSDS空间分包协议解决动态数据传输问题。     

认证加密算法在CCSDS遥控协议中的应用研究

针对CCSDS分包遥控(Telecommand)系统所面临的安全威胁,结合空间通信环境的特点,通过对各种认证加密算法(AEAD)的性能分析,提出将GCM(Galois/Counter Mode)认证加密算法应用于分包遥控系统数据链路层的方案。设计并实现了基于OPNET的CCSDS分包遥控系统仿真框架。仿真结果表明,在不影响吞吐量性能的前提下,GCM认证加密算法能有效地保证分包遥控数据的机密性、完整性和信息来源的合法性,并且具有数据处理性能高、系统开销小的特点。     

基于混沌序列的CCSDS图像压缩算法安全性扩展

CCSDS是由空间数据系统咨询委员会提出的,故针对空间飞行器应用的图像压缩算法,面向空间敏感图像传输的安全性需求,以及针对CCSDS图像压缩算法的特点,在不改变CCSDS算法流程和数据格式的基础上,利用混沌序列的随机性和不可预测性,在小波变换域对图像进行加密处理,以达到安全性扩展的目的。实验结果表明,该算法实现了较高的加密强度,同时保持了CCSDS算法高压缩比和低复杂度的优势,具有与CCSDS兼容性好,实现简单的优点。     

空间通信协议SCPS／CCSDS研究综述

随着各国对外层空间资源的探索、开发和利用,空间通信系统及其互联技术的研究和开发受到越来越多的重视。空间数据系统咨询委员会（CCSDS）为遥测、遥控和高级在轨系统（AOS）制定了一系列建议标准,包括TM／TC／AOS空间数据链路协议、空间通信系统联网协议以及空间系统的端到端应用协议等。文章分析了CCSDS空间通信系统体系结构．以及空间通信协议标准（SCPS）协议体系,探讨了SCPS／CCSDS空间通信协议族配置实例．并进行了深入的技术分析。     

CCSDS标准的Turbo译码器的硬件设计

Turbo码具有接近Shannon信道理论极限的译码性能,CCSDS在保留原编码方案的前提下已将其加入遥测信道编码建议书。在简要介绍CCSDS标准的编码结构以后,概述了相应的Turbo码译码器的硬件设计方案。详细介绍了具体的设计流程,最后给出了设计结果。     

基于System-on-Chip技术的超高速遥测系统的实现

文章阐述了基于片上系统(System-on-Chip)技术的超高速CCSDS(空间数据系统咨询委员会:ConsultativeCommittee on Space Data Systems)遥测系统的实现。该系统用于支持CCSDS和非CCSDS的常规飞行器,同时也是遥感地面站的一个重要部分。本文着重于讨论采用高速现场可编程器件(FPGA)实现的遥测数据处理系统,包括容错帧同步、帧同步保护、解扰和RS解码、SoC。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first