基于拉格朗日松弛的供应链合作生产计划模型研究

为解决供应链生产计划协调问题,通过市场价格和中间库存因素使供应链上下游企业结合成一个整体,建立一种供应链上下游一体化计划模型,从整体考虑供应链合作计划问题．为获取问题的可行解,采用拉格朗日松弛技术进行优化,为供应链上下游企业在信息共享条件下实现“多赢”目标,提供了理论依据．仿真结果验证了模型和算法的有效性．

     

JIT供应链物料采购协同优化及其粒子群算法

在供应链环境中,传统的物料需求计划没有考虑供应商的供货能力与经济利益,不利于供应链上下游企业的长期合作。研究了一种基于JIT的供应链物料采购协同优化问题,以单一制造商和多供应商构成的二级供应链为研究对象,遵循产品生产的BOM约束和MRP制定原理,以最小化供应链上下游企业的库存、运输、缺货、赶工等总成本为目标,构建了以MRP为引导的供应链订购批量协同优化模型;通过调整制造商的主生产计划变更采购计划,以获得供应商供货方案,据此设计了基于整数编码和带有交叉操作的改进离散粒子群优化算法进行模型求解;结合实例对模型可行性进行了验证,通过算法结果分析及比较,证明了算法的有效性。     

基于拉格朗日松弛算法的分布式供应链优化

为解决分布环境下的无协调中心的供应链生产计划的协调问题,提出了一种基于拉格朗目松弛算法的折扣价格协调优化策略。针对企业计划只能基于本地信息的特点,利用拉格朗日松弛算法将企业之间的物料耦合约束松弛掉,从而把整个供应链计划问题分解为多个可利用本地信息求解的企业生产计划子问题。通过上下游企业之间对折扣价格（拉格朗目算子）的异步更新,可以逐步获取整个供应链生产计划的优化解,从而实现分布环境下的供应链生产计划的异步协调。仿真实验证明了该方案的可行性。     

基于协同计划的敏捷供应链系统

研究某大型汽车零部件公司的供应链业务集成,提出协同计划机制,并在敏捷供应链（Agile Supply Chain,ASC）的整体计划中通过核心企业控制和协调各节点企业的协同计划．采用Java和．NET技术构建基于协同计划的敏捷供应链系统体系及技术架构．     

小型制药企业供应链管理信息系统研究与设计

以小型制药企业为例,提出引入信息技术进行供应链管理的重要意义,较详细地分析了供应链管理体系结构,并建立后台供应链管理信息系统与前台电子商务网站的供应链管理信息系统,充分使供应链上下游企业进行信息资源的共享及交换,以提升整体供应链的竞争力。     

基于供应链下商业银行风险管理策略研究

作为一种全新的融资模式,供应链金融被国际性商业银行所大力发展。供应链金融借助核心企业,将处于其供应链的上下游的企业进行有效整合编排,共同构成一个统一的整体。同时,通过有效结合实体经济和商业资本,将资金、现代化物流和信息等进行组合,进而为其供应链的上下游企业提供更好的金融服务,这对于供应链上下游企业和商业银行而言,是双赢局面,且为后期更好的合作做好铺垫。但如果商业银行不能为此提供高效的金融,就会对整个银行体系甚至其他相关行业带来危机,因此我们有必要对供应链金融的商业银行风险管理策略进行分析。     

基于冲突检测的供应链协同计划

在供应链协同计划中,以供应链整体最优为目标做出的决策有可能引发个体理性和集体理性冲突。针对该问题,在研究供应链协同计划时引入冲突检测方法,建立供应链协同计划冲突检测模型,采用Agent协商技术对检测到的冲突进行消解。仿真实例说明,在供应链协同计划中引入冲突检测方法能及时发现供应链中存在的冲突,有助于提高供应链协同计划的效率和科学性。     

基于订单的服装企业生产排期算法

针对面向订单生产的服装上下游企业生产排期问题,提出以集中式供应链管理思想划分供应链角色的方法。分析订单驱动的工艺流程,面向核心企业建立加工商协调生产的排期模型。该问题的关键是合适的订单模型和加工商模型,通过考虑订单的重要性并设置条件筛选加工商,利用遗传算法实现更快求解。     

供应链模型及其优化研究的现状与进展

这是一篇关于供应链模型及其优化分析工作的综述性文章．本文综述了生产运作 管理和供应链管理模型分析．关于供应链的局部情况，评述了生产运作中库存、生产销售、 库存销售、质量控制、财务等问题的模型及其优化应用；关于供应链整体情况，评述了集成 化、供应合同、信息价值、产品管理和国际运作等问题的模型及其优化应用．最后，提出了 供应链模型及其优化分析工作进一步研究的问题．     

投标决策模型在供应链计划中的应用

描述了在电子商务环境下,使用竟投标方法制定供应链计划的问题．针对竞标策略中投标价格计算．建立了包括一个随机参数集（产品的将要入库量）和一个模糊参数集（最大销售速率）的供应链计划多智能体合作模型．并使用遗传算法求得问题的近似解．计算结果证明了该算法的有效性和模型的实用性．     

基于供应链金融违约风险的保理决策收益模型仿真*

为分析供应链上、下游企业以及保理商等主体在参与应收账款保理时的最佳决策,在报童模型基础上,建立市场需求随机波动情景下供应链上游企业、下游企业和保理商期望收益模型,在模型中引入下游企业违约风险,并对模型进行数值仿真。研究结果表明,供应链上游企业和下游企业可在保理情况下分别制定最优批发价格决策和最优订货数量决策,使得双方收益均超过不保理情况下的水平。当下游企业违约风险相对较小时,采取保理可以提高供应链上下游企业各自的期望利润,同时降低批发价格,提高订货量。保理商选择的最优保理费率则随着下游企业违约风险的增加而提高。     

The role of the customer order decoupling point in production and supply chain management

In order to compete successfully, operations in any type of firm need to be strategically aligned to the market requirements. This concerns both manufacturing and supply chain operations. The customer order decoupling point (CODP) is getting increasing attention as an important input to the design of manufacturing operations as well as supply chains. This paper investigates the impact of the position and role of the CODP on issues of concern for production and supply chain management. The focus is on the design and strategic planning aspects of the supply chain, and the design of manufacturing planning and control systems. The paper proposes a dual design approach for production and supply chain planning systems; one type of system for operations upstream the CODP and another type of system for downstream operations in order to fully support the characteristics and objectives of each respective part of the supply chain.     

论EDI对单证的作用

随着EDI的发展,船公司、货代越来越注重EDI的建设,EDI做一种软实力,整合上下游的供应链,节约了资源。     

E-collaboration within one supply chain and its impact on firms’ innovativeness and performance

The central premise of this paper is that e-collaboration plays a major role in achieving a sustainable competitive edge. In particular, we propose to examine the relative efficiency of electronic collaboration tools and to assess their impacts on the innovativeness and performance of individual firms positioned along a single supply chain. Empirical data from both the upstream and downstream perspectives for firms positioned at different points of one supply chain suggest that e-collaboration and its impacts create a one-sided benefit for the upstream side of the chain: the overall efficiency of e-collaboration tools is higher and the impacts of e-collaboration are more beneficial when used with suppliers than when used with customers. The results also point to a stage model for implementing collaboration tools in a supply chain: efficiency is higher for e-collaboration tools that support strongly that collaboration tools can have significant impacts on the supply chain and that these tools need to be implemented progressively, both upstream and downstream, thereby yielding different and, most probably, cumulative benefits over time. An earlier version of this paper was published in the Proceedings of the 36th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-36).     

Impact of the integration of tactical supply chain planning determinants on performance

In fulfilling customers’ orders, one of the goals of tactical supply chain planning is to satisfy the customers in terms of delivery efficiency, delivery quantity accuracy and on-time delivery. These performance objectives can be impacted by the way firms plan each of the three phases of the supply chain: procurement, production and distribution. Though the link between each of these phases and supply chain performance has been studied in extant literature, very few authors have considered all three phases at the same time. By adopting an integrated approach, this paper therefore aims to study the manner in which, taken together in one model, the planning determinants of the different phases impact on supply chain performance. It is important for managers to understand, from a holistic and integrated perspective, how a given combination of the planning determinants of the supply chain functions impacts positively or negatively on the performance of the supply chain. To carry out this study, this paper starts by proposing an integrated framework that is based on the SCOR model and the customer order decoupling point (CODP), followed by a five-step methodology for tactical supply chain planning. Then, using an analytical model and simulations, and based on a numerical example, it shows how the proposed methodology can be applied in a given decision-making situation. Our results enabled to identify the worst and the best combinations of planning determinants.     

Coordinating supplier׳s reorder point: A coordination mechanism for supply chains with long supplier lead time

In this paper, the issue of the upstream stochastic lead time in supply chain (SC) is investigated. A coordination mechanism is developed for reducing the harmful effect of upstream lead time. The supplier stochastic lead time can substantially harm the whole supply chain service level, especially when it is accumulated with downstream stochastic lead times. In this study, aggregation of both the supplier and the retailer stochastic lead time is analyzed in a two-stage supply chain (SC). To dampen harmful effects of a long aggregate lead time, a ‘per order extra payment’ model is developed for convincing the supplier to increase its reorder point. Numerical experiments show that coordinating the supplier׳s reorder point creates a significant profit for the whole supply chain. In addition, the proposed model is capable of optimizing the supplier׳s reorder point and fairly sharing the extra benefits. Some conditions are also extracted, under which the proposed model shows good performance.     

A multi-stage joint economic lot size model with lead time penalty costs

This paper studies the case of a multi-stage supply chain where equal- and unequal-sized batches are transported between the stages and where penalty costs are imposed for long lead times. Unlike earlier works, this paper does not restrict the number of stages to a given value, but rather analyses a general case of the model. First, an analytical model of the supply chain is developed and the properties of the model are discussed. Secondly, a simulation study is conducted to analyse the behaviour of the model. The results of our analysis indicate that the performance of upstream stages of the supply chain is more critical to the performance of the supply chain than the performance of downstream stages. Furthermore, our findings show that a supply chain stage may improve its position significantly by coordinating its behaviour with its direct neighbours in the supply chain.     

Information transformation in a supply chain: a simulation study

We study the information transformation by simulating a multi-stage supply chain when the end customer's demand is a general autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) process, and the information, represented in the form of orders, is propagated from downstream to upstream in the supply chain. Our simulation results indicate several important and novel phenomena that need further theoretical analysis: (1) the anti-bullwhip effect and the transition from the regular bullwhip effect; (2) the trend of information transformation at higher stages of a supply chain; (3) the impact of lead-time on information transformation and the so-called ‘lead-time paradox’. In this paper, we will demonstrate these aspects via extensive computational experiments.     

基于粒子群算法的供应链生产、配送集成计划研究

针对单工厂、多产品、多周期、多配送中心的供应链网络,构建了生产、配送集成计划模型,提出了用于求解该问题的粒子群算法方案,阐明了该算法方案的具体实现过程。采用分离策略提出独立决策下的生产计划模型和配送计划模型。仿真实例的计算结果表明集成决策可以有效地降低供应链成本。