化学短程序对Al-Zn基合金非晶形成能力的影响

通过X射线衍射和差示扫描量热(DSC),研究了化学短程序对Al-Zn-Ce合金非晶形成能力的影响.结果表明,Ce的加入有利于增加Al-Zn基合金原子间的化合作用,增强化合物形成趋势,阻止相分离.X射线衍射图中的预峰表明了Al-Zn-Ce合金中存在强烈的化学短程序,且化学短程序的存在提高了Al-Zn-Ce合金的非晶形成能力.     

Effect of Al Addition on Glass Forming Ability and Glass Stability of Ca-Mg-Zn-Cu Based Bulk Metallic Glasses

The effect of Al addition on glass forming ability (GFA) and stability of the glassy phase against crystallization was studied for Ca-Mg-Zn, Ca-Mg-Cu, and Ca-Mg-Zn-Cu alloys. The glassy alloys were produced by copper mold casting as wedge-shaped samples with thicknesses varying from 0.5 to 10 mm. Thermal properties, such as glass transition, crystallization and melting temperatures, as well as heats of crystallization and melting, were determined for the produced glasses. Partial substitution of Zn or Cu with Al was found to improve the glass stability (GS) against the general tendency to reduce the GFA. The article is based on a presentation given in the symposium entitled “Bulk Metallic Glasses IV” which occurred February 25–March 1, 2007 during the TMS Annual Meeting in Orlando, Florida under the auspices of the TMS/ASM Mechanical Behavior of Materials Committee.

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Sn的添加对Mg-Cu-Y块体金属玻璃形成能力的影响

通过熔体铜模浇注方法制备了Mg65Cu25-xSnxY10（X=2，4，6）合金，并对它们的玻璃形成能力及晶化行为进行了研究。利用X射线衍射确定合金的非晶态性质，差示扫描量热计（DSC）分析合金的玻璃转变、晶化和熔化行为。结果表明：在Mg65Cu25-xSnxY10合金体系中，当X=2时，合金的玻璃形成能力最强，能形成的完全玻璃态试样的最大尺寸为3．2mm，其过冷液相区△Tx和约化玻璃转变温度Trg分别为57．6和0．586。同时合金的熔化曲线表现为单一吸热峰。随着sn含量的增加，非晶合金的玻璃转变温度Tg及初始晶化温度Txl。均呈现下降趋势，同时合金的玻璃形成能力逐渐下降。当X=4和6时，合金的晶化行为表现为明显的多级晶化。     

Effect of Solute Contents of Al-Ni-Sr Alloy on Glass Forming Ability and Thermal Stability

Glass forming ability (GFA) and structural characterization of a new amorphous Al-Ni-Sr alloy melt spun were investigated on the theory of the factors for the glass formation. The GFA was varied with the ratio of Ni to Sr in detail and successful amorphous phase dispersed with 2 ～ 5 nm precipitates was prepared from Al-Ni5-Sr3. Thermal stability and crystallization behavior of the amorphous phase were determined by continuous and isothermal heating technique on DCS, resulting that the crystallization occurs by the growth of fcc Al nanocrystals on the preexistent nuclei.     

Effects of Microalloying on Glass Forming Ability and Thermodynamic Fragility of Cu-Pr-Based Amorphous Alloys

The effects of microalloying of Ti and B on the glass formation of Cu60Pr30Ni10Al10-2xTixBx（x = 0, 0.05% （atom fraction）） amorphous alloys was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. XRD analysis showed that mieroalloying with 0.05% Ti and 0.05% B improved the glass forming ability （GFA）. The smaller difference in the Gibbs free energy between the liquid and crystalline states at the glass transition temperature （△G1-X（Tg）） and the smaller thermodynamic fragility index （△Sf/Tm, where ASf is the entropy of fusion, and Tm is the melting temperature） after mieroalloying correlated with the higher GFA.     

The Influence of 3d and 4d Transition Metals on the Glass Forming Ability of Ternary FeCo-Based Alloys

Thermodynamic modeling was used to determine enthalpies of formation and other thermodynamic parameters describing glass forming ability of Fe-Co-TM (TM = V, Nb, Cr, Mo) alloys. FeCo-based alloys are considered as candidates for applications as high magnetic flux density materials due to their high magnetic saturation and low magnetic anisotropy. Nevertheless, mechanical properties, especially the lack of ductility, are their main weakness. Therefore, further optimization by vitrification, further heat treatment and alloying should be considered. As the most crucial step is the synthesis of amorphous precursors, discussion is concentrated on the effect of transition metal substitution on the glass forming ability. The highest glass forming ability was reported for Fe-Co-Nb alloys. It can be also noted that the driving force for vitrification can be improved by substitution of Fe by other transition elements, as glass forming ability parameter ∆P_HS reaches the lowest values for Fe-less compositions.

     

Structure, Properties, and Glass Forming Ability of Melt-Spun Fe-Zr-B-Cu Alloys with Different Zr/B Ratios

Melt-spun ribbons of Fe_99–x–y Zr _x B _y Cu₁ alloys with x + y = 11 and x + y = 13 were prepared under similar experimental conditions and characterized for structure and soft magnetic properties. Substitution of Zr by B changes the structure of as-spun ribbons from completely amorphous to cellular bcc solid solution coexisting with the amorphous phase at intercellular regions and then to completely dendritic solid solution. The glass forming ability (GFA) of the Fe-Zr-B-Cu system, evaluated from thermodynamic properties such as enthalpy of mixing and mismatch entropy, is found to be in good agreement with the experimental observations. Annealing of all ribbons leads to the precipitation of nanocrystalline bcc α-Fe phase from both amorphous phase and already existing bcc solid solution. A window of alloy compositions that exhibit the best combination of soft magnetic properties (high saturation magnetization and low coercivity) was identified.     

Glass Forming Ability and Magnetic Property of Fe74Al4Sn2 （PSiB）20 Amorphous Alloy

Amorphous ribbons of Fe74 Al4Sn2 (PSiB)20 alloy have been synthesized by melt spinning and axial design method. The thermal properties of the amorphous ribbons have been measured by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The DSC results show that the Fe74 Al4Sn2P12Si4B4 amorphous alloy has relatively wider supercooled liquid region with a temperature interval of 40.38 K (△TX=TX-TR). The alloys with a higher phosphorous content in the metalloid element composition triangle of Fe74Al4Sn2(PSiB)20 have high glass forming ability. The amorphous alloys also show good magnetic properties in which Fe74Al4Sn2P6.67Si6.67B6.67 alloy has a large maximum permeability (μm), Fe78AlSn2P3Si3B10 alloy exhibits a high squareratio (Br/Blo) and FeT~A14Sn2P, Sil2B4 shows a low core loss (P0.5 1.3T). High glass forming ability and good magnetic properties make Fe74Al4Sn2(PSiB)20 amorphous alloys valuable in future research.     

Research on Glass Forming Ability of Er2O3 -Al2O3 -B2O3 -SiO2 System

The glass forming range of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 system was explored, and the effect of the content of Al2 O3 and Er2 O3 on glass-forming region was experimentally examined. It is shown that the region of glass formation range expends when the content of Al2O3 is changed from 15% to 20%, while it shrinks when the content of Er2O3 is changed from 20% to 30%. At the same time, the glass forming ability of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 system was also discussed using a value of β, which is an indication of crystallization tendency of glasses, calculated from thermo-analysis data. It is found that the glass forming ability of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3- SiO2 glasses is poor, while the glasses network may be enhanced when Al2O3 is added to the system, the glass forming ability being heightened. In addition, the crystallization temperatures of the rare earth glasses were determined using differential thermal analysis technique. The Er2O3-Al2O;-B2O3-SiO2 glass samples were heat treated at 1000,1100 and 1260℃ respectively. The results show that it is the Er2O3 phase that separates out from the glasses after crystaline heat treatment, and it is tiered up in glasses, as detected through XRD and SEM. This indicates that the phase separation occurs when the glasses are heated, Er3 being mainly distributed in the boron rich phase, then separated out from glasses, while the silicate rich phase remaining glassy state.     

论玻璃幕墙的节能措施

鉴于节能环保存建筑幕墙上的广泛应用,论述了建筑幕墙节能的重要性,分析了如何合理选择幕墙材料以及采取幕墙的节能措施实施。     

生箔机用整流电源探析

阐述了生箔机整流电源的工作原理,并对三种不同变压器初级连接方式的整流电源的原理进行了分析和探讨。     

基于金属材料成型加工技术的分析

为了更好了解金属材料优良的工艺和使用性能,为了促进我国工业制造业的进一步发展,满足人类社会的不断进步和发展,利用知网、万方和维普等作为主要文献检索平台,对材料成型和控制工程进行分析和研究,主要从材料成型和控制工程的相关概述、研究背景和金属材料主要加工技术三方面进行阐述,以解决传统金属材料加工中存在的因素,便于制造出更好优异的工业产品。可见,提升材料成型与控制工程中金属材料的加工技术,对工业制造业的创新具有重要意义。     

On the Formulation of a Freckling Criterion for Ni-Based Superalloy Vacuum Arc Remelting Ingots

A criterion for freckling prediction that includes the effect of a tilted solidification front was proposed and evaluated with experimental data available in the literature. The criterion is based on the maximum local Rayleigh number in the mush layer and was developed using Flemings’ criterion and assuming that the interdendritic liquid flow is governed by the Darcy law. The proposed form preserves the anisotropic nature of the permeability tensor throughout the derivation and provides improved resolution on freckle prediction. A clear separation between the freckled and nonfreckled experiments was obtained for all compositions. The effect of the tilted solidification front over the freckling potential was corroborated, and the results suggested that the directionality of permeability affects the location within the mush layer of the potential nucleation sites for the channels leading to freckles. A threshold zone was determined from the enclosing experiments data, and the range contained one of the proposed critical values for superalloys, which previously was developed by a completely different method.     

浅议青年“金工“教师的业务能力

针对职业教育的培养目标和金工教学的特点,在分析青年金工教师的优、劣势的基础上,对青年金工教师应具备的业务能力及发展方向进行了探讨.     

Roles of In-Situ Forming Hard Particles in a Zr-Based Bulk-Metallic Glass during Monotonic and Cyclic Loading

Zr₆₇Ni₂₀Cu₅Al₈ (in at. pct) is a bulk-metallic glass (BMG) with in-situ forming hard particles. Some crystalline particles can be observed in the polished beam samples under optical microscopy (OM). The hardness measurements show that these crystalline particles are harder than the matrix of Zr₆₇Ni₂₀Cu₅Al₈. The energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses demonstrate that there is little difference in the compositions between the crystalline particles and the matrix. The Zr₆₇Ni₂₀Cu₅Al₈ BMG under compressive loading exhibits yield strength of 1580 MPa with an up to 7.7 pct fracture strain. The fatigue behavior of Zr₆₇Ni₂₀Cu₅Al₈ is investigated under four-point-bending loading. The fatigue results show that the fatigue limit of Zr₆₇Ni₂₀Cu₅Al₈ is approximately 361 MPa, based on the stress range. It is generally found that the fatigue cracks initiate from the hard particles. The influence of the hard inclusions on the fracture and fatigue behavior of Zr-based BMGs is discussed.     

浅论提高初任教师教学反思能力的对策

教学反思是初任教师迅速成长的有效途径之一,但是在实践中由于初任教师理论修养不足,教学反思技能欠缺,学校还未形成良好的教学反思氛围,仍在延续传统型评价制度等因素,导致初任教师教学反思能力欠缺.为提高初任教师的教学反思能力,教师要以课程改革为契机,提高教学理论素养,以反思方法为基点,提升教学反思技能;学校应营造良好的教学反思氛围和采用发展性评价制度.     

Duplex Solidification Mechanisms of Glass Forming Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 Alloy During Electromagnetic Levitation Processing

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - The liquid undercooling capability and rapid solidification kinetics of quaternary Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 alloy were investigated by electromagnetic levitation...     

微量元素Y、Ag对Cu基非晶合金玻璃形成能力的影响

采用单辊旋淬法制备了Cu50Zr42Al8,Cu46 Zr47-xAl7Yx(x=2,5),Cu43Zr42AlsAg7和Cu43Zr42Al8Ag5 Y2非晶合金薄带,利用X射线衍射和差示扫描量热分析研究了合金样品的玻璃形成能力和热稳定性.结果表明,在Cu50Zr42Al8中添加适量的Ag、Y后使得非晶合金的短程有序结构发生改变.合金Cu46Zr47-xAl7Yx(x=2,5)的过冷液相区宽度ΔTx分别比Cu50 Zr42 Al8增加了19K、30K,约化玻璃转变温度Trg从0.565分别增加到0.579和0.566,参数γ从0.402分别增加到0.418和0.420,说明Y的添加提高了非晶合金的热稳定性和玻璃形成能力.合金Cu43Zr42 Al8Ag7和Cu43Zr42Al8Ag5Y2与Cu50Zr42Al8相比,约化玻璃转变温度Trg及参数γ均有了明显的提高,达到了0.619、0.416和0.609、0.411,表明Ag的添加、Ag和Y的同时添加均提高了Cu - Zr -Al系非晶合金的玻璃形成能力,但Ag的效果更加显著.     

高校辅导员执行力实现刍议

辅导员执行力可以通过目标管理、文化管理、民主管理等途径来实现.辅导员执行力的实现,要求辅导员必须具备丰富的知识储备、崇高的人格魅力和熟练的沟通技巧.