化学计量学方法处理傅里叶变换近红外漫反射光谱定量测定谷…

用逐步回归分析，主成分回归，偏最小二乘，人工神经网络这四种方法处理谷物的傅里叶变换近红外漫反射光谱，对谷物中含量在１０＾－１，１０＾－３的八种成分作了定量测定，其结果与经典化学方法没有系统偏差，文中还对这四种方法在谷物成分的定量测定方面的应用进行了讨论。     

铊（1）离子电化学传感器的研究2.以30—冠—10铊（1）离子电极测定铊（1）

以合成的四种３０－冠－１０衍生物中性载体制备了ＰＶＣ膜铊（１）离子电极，探讨了冠醚结构，增塑剂，添加物与电极性能的关系，以１０＾－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ醋酸镁为离子强度调节剂，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯增塑的添加有四（对氯苯）硼钾的四叔丁基二苯并－３０－冠－１０铊（１）电极的线性响应范围为１×１０＾－５～５×１０＾－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（ＴｌＮＯ３）Ｋ＾ｐｏｔｔ１，ｋ为０．１８。同时应用该电极和缬氨霉素钾电极作为双指示电极，     

TAA薄膜NO_2气敏元件的特性研究

用真空升华方法制作了ＴＡＡ薄膜ＮＯ２气敏元件，并研究了其室温条件下的响应特性．结果表明：该元件在室温下对ＮＯ２具有较高的灵敏度，可检测空气中含１×１０（－６）的ＮＯ２气体．该元件在１．７×１０（－６）～１７×１０（－６）浓度范围内对ＮＯ２呈线性响应，响应时间在３０ｓ内，恢复时间为几分钟的数量级。     

一种测定氨基酸的新型光纤传感器

设计和合成了一种生色液晶冠醚化合物，并利用此化合物研制了一种新型光纤化学传感器。其目的在于通过仿生设计，实现传感所必须的分子识别、信号产生、信号输出（膜组装）的系统功能。该光纤化学传感器对氨基酸类化合物具有良好的选择性响应。利用波长（颜色）变化分光光度测定苯丙氨酸，其响应范围为１×１０－５～１×１０－４ｍｏｌ．Ｌ－１，检测下限为１×１０－５ｍｏｌ．Ｌ－１。     

可卡因化学传感器的研究

本文报道了一种以十六烷基苄基二甲基铵（ＣＢＤＭＡＣ）－可卡因为活性物，以邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（ＤＢＰ）为增塑剂的化学传感器，性能良好，其线性范围为５．０×１０＾－６￣１．０×１０＾－２ｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１，斜率为６０ｍＶ／ｐＣ，检测下限为１．０×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１，传感器寿命为５０天。     

聚苯胺修饰蜡浸石墨电极电催化氧化抗坏血酸的研究

以蜡浸石墨电极为基体电极在盐酸溶液中恒电位电解得到聚苯胺修饰蜡浸石墨电极（ＰＭＰＧＥ）该电极在醋酸－醋酸钠缓冲溶液中（ｐＨ＝４．４）对抗坏血酸（ＡＡ）的氧化具有良好的电催化反应，峰电位Ｅｐａ＝＋０．２０Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ，在下同）１．５次微分峰电流与抗坏血酸浓度在１０＾－１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系，可用于ＡＡ的定量分析，本文研究了膜厚度对电催化作用的影响和ＡＡ在ＰＭＰＧＥ上的电化学行为。     

多晶SiC薄膜的生长及其压阻特性

在Ａｒ、ＣＨ４的混合气体中用反应性磁控溅射法生长了多品ＳｉＣ薄膜。溅射靶使用了单晶硅片。ＳｉＣ薄膜的生长速率１０～４０ｎｍ／ｍｉｎ。Ａｒ的分压为６０ｍｔｏｒｒ（１ｔｏｒｒ＝１３３．３２２Ｐａ，以下同），ＣＨ４的分压为４０ｍｔｏｒｒ，衬底温度为７５０℃时，薄膜具有显著的多晶特性。杂质浓度、Ｈａｌｌ迁移率、电阻率分别为１０（１８）ｃｍ（－３）、１０ｃｍ（２）／Ｖ·ｓ、１０（－１）１０（－２）Ωｃｍ。压阻系数约为１５。     

弱电测量的几个应用问题及解决方法

本文围绕线性集成电路应用和微机测量系统接口电路要求，对弱电测量及转换电路的弱电可测范围、测量及转换线性、电路输入阻抗提高、弱电信号有效处理及其数字化等问题进行讨论并提出相应的解决方法，使弱电测量范围达５×１０（－１５）Ａ、测量电路输入电阻≥１０（１０）Ω、高阻值电阻标定可达１０（１２）Ω或更高，可对毫秒缓慢变弱电信号在１０（－７）～１０（－１５）Ａ或５ｍＶ～５０Ｖ范围内连续进行Ａ／Ｆ线性转换，可使１０（－１２）Ａ量级快变弱电信号获得快速处理并实现数字化。     

汞有机化合物为中性载体的氯离子选择电极的研制

以汞有机化合物（μ－（４．５－二甲基－３，６－双（辛氧基）－１．２－苯）双（三氟乙酸）二汞（ＥＴＨ９００９）为活性物质，季铵盐为添加剂，研制了氯离子中性载体电极，比较了膜相中季铵盐的含量对电极性能的影响，结果表明用２．０％ＥＴＨ９００９，３３．０％ＰＶＣ粉，６５．０％ＤＯＳ及１０．０ｍｏｌ％ＴＤＤＡＣｌ（相对于ＥＴＨ９００９）制成的电极，对氯离子响应的斜率为－５８．０±１．０ｍＶ，测定了是极对常见     

小麦秆锈病侵染机率的叶部试验研究

人工气候室条件下于感病的小麦品种上研究了不同露温（５，１０，１５，２０，２５，３０℃）与不同露时（２，４，６，８，１０，１２，１４，１６，１８，２０，２２，２４ｈ）组合下小麦秆锈病的侵染机率。得出侵染最适条件范围，即露温为１５～２５℃；露时为１０～１８ｈ。本文首次在秆锈侵染的研究中应用了侵染机率的概念，组建了侵染机率（ＩＰ）因露温（ＤＴ）和露时（ＤＰ）而变的预测式：ＩＰ＝－９．８７９２＋０．２７４６（ＤＰ）＋１．４９４７（ＤＴ）－０．０３９８７（ＤＴ２）（Ｒ＝０．８８７４）     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.