串行生产线的集成最优生产控制与能力规划

研究了制造系统串行生产线生产控制和生产能力规划的集成优化方法。给出了串行生产线最优生产控制及生产能力规划问题的数学模型,通过粒子群优化算法来求解这一模型,通过Matlab进行了仿真,并对仿真结果进行了分析。     

汽车冲压车间生产调度仿真系统的设计

生产调度是冲压车间生产管理的基本内容,通过仿真方法可以优化生产调度,提高生产线的利用率.通过分析某汽车制造企业冲压生产线的工艺流程和调度要求,提出了有关合理假设,以最大化节约时间成本为指导思想,建立了汽车冲压车间生产调度仿真模型.在仿真算法设计原则基础上,详细说明了算法的执行流程.最后简单介绍了系统的功能,并给出一个生产调度实例.实例结果表明该系统能获得合理的调度方案,适用于企业冲压生产线的调度问题.     

基于知识制造系统优化及ASP.NET下实现

研究了基于知识的制造系统的性能优化,首先说明如何表示制造系统的知识以及怎样将这些知识管理起来并应用到设计过程中,用知识单元表示每条知识,每个知识单元又包含对象、已知、未知和求解方法等要素;然后,研究了在ASP.NET和SQL SERVER 2000环境下,基于知识的生产系统的整体架构;最后以串行生产线为例,按照系统架构,实现了计算平均生产率的算法的调用,表明在ASP.NET环境下,基于知识的制造系统的性能的计算和优化是可行的,能够很大地提高制造系统的设计效率.     

蚁群算法在网页内容分类中的应用研究

研究各种高效的分类算法是数据挖掘的重要问题之一[1]。蚁群算法作为一种新型的模拟进化算法,在求解复杂的组合优化问题中表现出了良好的性能[2]。文章介绍了蚁群算法在网页内容分类数据挖掘任务中的一种应用方案,阐述了算法的基本原理及特性,并使用少量类别的网页进行了分类实验,实验结果验证了该算法在应用中的有效性。     

基于遗传算法的参数优化在多移动机器人系统中的应用

1　引言在机器人研究中 ,基于行为的方法是构造工作于动态开放式环境下的机器人的一类方法 ,其中 Schema- based反应式控制结构对于自治移动机器人是一种有效的控制结构[1 ,2 ] .但在此结构的多机器人系统中 ,通过配置各个机器人的行为控制参数来实现机器人之间的协作是一个很困难的问题 .而遗传算法 (GA,Genetic Algorithm)在复杂的解空间中是一种很有效的搜索算法 [3] .所以 ,本文提出了一种改进的遗传算法对多机器人系统进行参数优化配置以实现机器人之间的协作 .此种改进算法的特点在于在适应度函数结构中引入了死区的概念 .这种方法…     

基于退化机器模型的分布式柔性生产系统:性能分析、任务调度及预测性维护

在近些年的制造环境中,由于市场对多品种、小批量定制产品需求的增加,生产制造更加深入地向着柔性方向发展.如何利用现有资源,提高生产效率,实时地对系统性能进行评估与预测,并对基于小批量生产的实时调度进行优化改进,在分布式柔性生产系统中具有重要的研究意义.因此,基于退化机器模型的多批次串行生产线的性能进行分析,并对分布式生产系统进行任务调度及预测性维护.具体地说,对于具有退化机器模型及有限容量缓冲区的生产系统,首先采用马尔科夫分析方法建立数学模型;随后,提出精确方法来计算此生产系统模型实时的性能指标,并针对该模型下的调度问题,设计最优完成时间指标优化算法;此外,提出基于退化机器模型的预测性维护策略以减少完成时间;最后,通过数值实验验证该算法的可行性和有效性.     

汽车冲压车间生产调度仿真系统的设计

生产调度是冲压车间生产管理的基本内容,通过仿真方法可以优化生产调度,提高生产线的利用率。通过分析某汽车制造企业冲压生产线的工艺流程和调度要求,提出了有关合理假设,以最大化节约时间成本为指导思想,建立了汽车冲压车间生产调度仿真模型。在仿真算法设计原则基础上,详细说明了算法的执行流程。最后简单介绍了系统的功能,并给出一个生产调度实例。实例结果表明该系统能获得合理的调度方案,适用于企业冲压生产线的调度问题。     

串行生产线中机器维修工人的任务分配问题研究

在串行生产线中, 机器会发生故障而且故障间隔时间随机, 因此需要维修工人及时维修, 使得故障的机器恢复加工能力, 否则就可能导致系统吞吐率降低. 如何在满足系统吞吐率的前提下, 使用尽可能少的维修工人来完成机器的维修任务, 本文称这样一个全新的问题为串行生产线中机器维修工人的任务分配问题. 针对该问题, 本文首先建立了问题的优化模型, 并将该优化问题转换为多个判定问题进行求解; 然后, 通过合理地定义机器的维修工作量, 使得判定问题可以类比为并行机调度问题; 最后, 采用了一种基于最长处理时间优先算法(Longest processing time, LPT)和回溯策略的启发式算法, 搜索最优的维修工人任务分配方式. 实验结果表明, 该方法能有效求解维修工人的任务分配问题.     

可靠性代价驱动的实时任务调度算法

1 概述分布式系统越来越广泛地用于重要的实时系统应用程序中,关键问题在于必须保证每个任务在其截止时间之前完成。在许多实时调度算法中调度性是需要最大化的功能目标之一。为了使实时调度算法更实用,必须考虑任务优先权限制。文[11]中提出将离线分析和在线保证结合使用的方案。文[12]提出了一个分布式实时系统中的最佳任务调度算法。上述算法都是为同构分布式系统设计的,均假定系统中的处理器都是一样的,所以不能直接应用于异构分布式系     

基于多智能体的Option自动生成算法

目前分层强化学习中的任务自动分层都是采用基于单智能体的串行学习算法,为解决串行算法学习速度较慢的问题,以Sutton的Option分层强化学习方法为基础框架,提出了一种基于多智能体的Option自动生成算法,该算法由多智能体合作对状态空间进行并行探测并集中应用aiNet实现免疫聚类产生状态子空间,然后并行学习生成各子空间上的内部策略,最终生成Option. 以二维有障碍栅格空间内2点间最短路径规划为任务背景给出了算法并进行了仿真实验和分析.结果表明,基于多智能体的Option自动生成算法速度明显快于基于单智能体的算法.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。