基于电子鼻的香蕉储存时间鉴别方法研究

研究了一种基于电子鼻系统的香蕉储存时间鉴别方法。实验检测了不同储存时间的香蕉样品,主成分分析方法可以较好地区分不同储存时间的香蕉样品,同时检验了样品的微生物指标以探讨电子鼻响应与微生物指标之间的关系。随机共振信噪比谱不但可以区分香蕉样品,同时基于信噪比特征值建立的香蕉储存时间鉴别模型具有较高的预测准确率。该方法具有较好的实际应用价值。     

使用电子鼻检测低温贮藏罗非鱼储存时间

本文采用电子鼻结合理化检验方法探索了一种低温贮藏罗非鱼储存时间预测方法。按照国家标准检验了罗非鱼样品的挥发性盐基氮（TVBN）,同时测量了电子鼻传感器阵列响应,以TVBN检验结果标定罗非鱼的新鲜度。在随机共振理论模型研究的基础之上,对电子鼻检测数据进行主成分和随机共振分析。相对于主成分分析结果,随机共振输出信噪比可以完全区分罗非鱼样品。依据TVBN国家标准计算得到罗非鱼电子鼻检测信噪比新鲜度阈值为-61.1688。选取信噪比曲线特征值经线性拟合回归建立了罗非鱼储存时间预测模型,该模型的预测系数R2=0.910,结果表明可以准确预测罗非鱼的储存时间。该方法具有快速、易操作、准确等优势,有望于在水产品品质快速分析中得到广泛应用。     

基于电子鼻的芒果储存时间预测方法研究

本文研究了一种芒果储存期预测方法,使用智能电子鼻实验检测了存储于9天内的芒果样品,主成分分析法实现了不同贮存时间芒果样品的区分,采用阈值随机共振方法提取芒果品质特性信息,并以互相关系数极大值构建芒果储存期预测模型。预测实验结果表明该模型预测准确度为87.5%。该预测方法具有检测快速、准确性好、成本低等优势。     

霉变小麦的电子鼻区分及其传感器阵列选择优化

采用电子鼻区分不同霉变程度的扬麦23号样品,连续检测不同霉变程度小麦样品,并记录检测数据。将检测数据耦合到双稳态随机共振系统,调解系统参数诱发产生共振,依据系统输出信噪比特征值建立小麦霉变程度预测模型。为了提高电子鼻对霉变小麦样品区分效果,进行了电子鼻传感器负荷加载分析,对电子鼻传感器阵列进行了优化研究,结果表明传感器阵列优化可有效提高电子鼻检测小麦霉变程度的准确度。采用华麦6号样品构建验证实验,结果证明所建立的方法具有较好的应用意义,并具有普遍意义上的适用性。     

基于电子鼻系统的不同风味绍兴黄酒区分方法研究

黄酒具有独特的香气和丰富的营养价值,兼具饮用和药用价值.不同风味黄酒产品挥发性香气成分也不同,是黄酒品评考察的主要指标之一.本文选取元红、加饭、善酿、香雪4种典型风味绍兴黄酒为检测样品,采用电子鼻系统检测记录了不同黄酒样品的香气数据,并且以随机共振信噪比分析方法提取黄酒香气特征值.结果表明,检测样品酒特征值顺序依次为善...     

基于金属氧化物传感器阵列的小麦霉变程度检测

研制了一套由8个金属氧化物传感器组成、用于检测小麦霉变的电子鼻系统.使用该电子鼻对不同霉变程度和掺入不同百分比含量霉麦的小麦样品进行检测.通过方差分析和主成分分析优化传感器阵列并去掉冗余传感器,对优化后的数据进行主成分分析(PCA)和线性判别分析(LDA),其中PCA的前两个主成分对两类实验结果分析的总贡献率为98.30％和99.27％,LDA前两个判别因子对两类实验结果分析的总贡献率为99.68％和93.30％,且由得分图可知两种方法均能很好地区分不同的小麦样品.利用BP神经网络建立预测模型,对样品菌落总数和掺入样品中霉麦的百分比进行预测.两种预测模型的预测值和测量值之间的相关系数分别为0.91和0.94,表明预测模型具有较好预测性能.     

用于绍兴黄酒总糖含量预测的电子鼻系统构建及其实验研究

构建了电子鼻检测系统,用于绍兴黄酒总糖含量的快速预测,采用具有8种气体传感器的电子鼻系统检测了元红、花雕、善酿、香雪4种经典黄酒样品,同时实验检测了黄酒样品的总糖含量,采用非线性双重叠加随机共振提取电子鼻检测数据的特征值,采用特征值结合黄酒样品总糖含量检验结果建立了总糖含量预测模型.该模型不但可以预测黄酒样品的总糖含量,而且可以实现黄酒样品的类型检测.该方法在黄酒品质分析领域具有广阔的应用前景.     

基于电子鼻的低温贮藏草鱼品质预测方法研究

提出了一种基于电子鼻的低温贮藏(277 K)草鱼品质预测方法。实验检测了草鱼样品顶空挥发气体,实验结果表明电子鼻传感器阵列对草鱼样品的响应值随着贮藏时间的增加而增加。同时实验检测了草鱼样品的菌落总数指标,电子鼻响应与微生物指标之间具有良好的对应关系。信噪比谱方法成功区分不同贮藏时间的草鱼样品。我们依据信噪比特征值建立了样品品质预测模型,该模型可以准确的预测低温贮藏草鱼样品品质,具有较好的实用价值。     

基于传感器阵列优化的东北山参品质检测方法研究

研究了一种基于传感器阵列优化的储存山参品质检测方法.实验记录气体传感器阵列对山参样品的响应信号,采用传感器载荷分析的方法对传感器阵列响应信号进行优化.优化后传感器阵列主成分区分度提高了10.46％.优化后传感器阵列检测信号输入非线性数据共振模型,基于系统输出互相关系数COE(Cross Correlation Coefficient,)特征值经由线性拟合方法构建储存山参品质检测模型Q=(COEmax-0.23)/0.02(R2=0.99026).验证实验结果表明所构建的模型的预报准确度为83.3％.所探索的方法有望在储存中药材品质检测领域得到广泛应用.     

基于气体传感器阵列和非线性信号分析技术的龙井茶品质检测方法研究

本文研究了一种基于传感器阵列信号分析的龙井茶品质检测技术,采用多气体传感器阵列构建检测平台,实验检测不同储存时间的龙井茶样品,并对传感器阵列信号开展信号分析。为了进一步优化传感器阵列检测龙井茶品质的准确性,对传感器阵列参数优化,得到优化之后的阵列,优化后的传感器阵列具有更高的准确性。采用载荷分析（Loadings）、归一化处理进行数据的预处理。实验采用模糊c均值聚类（FCM）、k近邻函数（KNN）和概率神经网络（PNN）三种方法对传感器阵列检测信息进行了模式识别,以评估所构建系统的检测精度。结果表明三种方法的识别正确率分别为90.83%,90%和93.3%。结果表明KNN和PNN针对气体传感器阵列检测龙井茶品质领域均呈现了较好的模式识别结果。以上结果证明该系统具有较好的检测精度,随机共振系统输出相关系数曲线可以较好的区分不同茶叶样品,并且依托互相关系数特征峰值构建了其品质分析模型。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.