基于改进QR-PSO算法的压力传感器的动态补偿方法

针对压力传感器在实际使用中动态特性难以满足测试需求这一问题,利用激波管对压力传感器进行动态标定,获取实验样本,依赖样本估计逆模型,提出了基于QR分解和改进粒子群算法构建补偿系统的设计方法.采用QR分解确定模型阶次,降低了简化传感器模型带来的动态补偿运算误差,并结合改进粒子群算法,高效、智能的确定补偿系数.通过实测样本对补偿系统进行重复性验证,结果表明压力传感器的动态响应性能显著地提高了,补偿效果令人满意.     

有限空间爆炸瞬态温度的动态补偿方法研究 �

为改善铠装绝缘型热电偶的动态特性,采用集总热容法建立了热电偶传热模型,将其系统特性简化为一阶惯性系统,为验证系统阶次的合理性并确定传递函数参数,建立了最小二乘支持向量机系统辨识模型,采用高温油浴法进行了热电偶动态标定实验,基于动态标定数据和粒子群优化算法,建立了热电偶动态补偿模型。实验结果表明:由集总热容法和系统辨识模型确定的系统传递函数能够较为准确的描述铠装绝缘型热电偶的动态特性,传递函数在阶跃激励下的响应曲线与动态标定实验中传感器的输出曲线具有较高的一致性,基于粒子群优化算法的动态补偿模型表现出较好的补偿效果,经补偿后系统响应时间由7.124s减小为1.187s,且传感器工作频带得以有效扩展,将该方法应用于有限空间爆炸瞬态温度的动态补偿中,能够在一定程度上减小传感器的动态测量误差。     

一种传感器特性的高精度拟合方法

为提高传感器非线性特性的拟合精度,提出了一种基于最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)与量子粒子群优化算法(QPSO)的传感器特性拟合方法;该方法采用最小二乘支持向量机构建传感器特性的非线性回归模型,模型的参数向量由量子粒子群优化算法和学习样本平均绝对误差最小的准则进行优化;实验结果验证了该方法的有效性,其拟合绝对误差在10~(-9)~10~(-7)%之间,其拟合性能明显优于常规方法。     

基于云粒子群-最小二乘支持向量机的传感器温度补偿

针对传感器的测量精度受温度影响较大问题,提出了一种基于云粒子群-最小二乘支持向量机(CMPSO-LSSVM)的温度补偿方法。云粒子群算法(CMPSO)将云模型算法应用于粒子群优化(PSO)算法的收敛机制,具有寻优精度高的特点。CMPSO算法对LSSVM的参数进行优化选择,建立CMPSO-LSSVM传感器温度补偿模型。将该模型应用于振弦式传感器的温度补偿,通过实验证明了该温度补偿方法优于当前其他主要方法。     

基于改进PSO优化LSSVM的传感器补偿研究

针对最小二乘支持向量机在对传感器进行补偿时,正则化参数和核函数参数对补偿精度影响较大的问题,提出一种利用改进的粒子群优化算法优化最小二乘支持向量机模型参数的传感器补偿方法。该方法利用改进的粒子群优化算法优化最小二乘支持向量机模型的正则化参数和核函数参数,避免了人工选择参数的盲目性,提高了最小二乘支持向量机模型的预测精度。仿真实验表明,在传感器的补偿时,该方法比最小二乘支持向量机模型的补偿精度更高。     

球形支持向量机在煤自燃预测中的应用

引入模糊隶属度和最小二乘思想,采用邻域粗糙集方法对煤自燃预测的输入向量进行维数约简和粒子群优化(PSO)算法优化支持向量机模型中的参数,提出一种模糊最小二乘球形支持向量机(FLHSSVM),并用序贯最小化(SMO)算法求解FLHSSVM中的二次规划问题,建立煤自燃预测模型。实验结果表明,该方法有效简化了训练样本,提高了FLHSSVM训练速度,且分类精度良好,有很好的泛化能力。     

基于TSPSO支持向量机红外甲烷传感器动态补偿

摘 要：针对红外甲烷传感器在矿井下使用易受周围恶劣环境因素影响的问题,提出了一种动态感知的双子群粒子群-支持向量机(TSPSO- -SVM)补偿算法对其进行动态补偿。TSPSO算法同时优化非目标环境变量和SVM参数,其寻优精度高、收敛速度快,并在此基础上建立了综合补偿数学模型。实验表明,该补偿算法回归拟合效果好,模型的测量精度高于一般的粒子群最小二乘支持向量机(PSO-LSSVM)模型。     

基于自适应变异SAPSO-LSSVM的磨煤机一次风量预测

针对磨煤机一次风量的预测问题,建立了以磨煤机系统运行中与一次风量主要相关的参数作为输入变量的最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)模型。采用自适应变异的模拟退火粒子群算法(AMSAPSO)对建立的LSSVM模型的参数进行优化,建立了基于自适应变异的模拟退火粒子群优化算法的最小二乘支持向量机(AMSAPSO-LSSVM)预测模型。利用某600 MW机组磨煤机一次风系统运行数据对该模型进行了验证。结果表明,采用自适应变异模拟退火粒子群算法对LSSVM进行寻优,有效避免了搜索盲目性和早熟收敛的问题,提高了模型的泛化能力。采用AMSAPSO-LSSVM预测模型可以对磨煤机一次风量进行较高精度的预测。     

QR分解与GLS改进算法在压力传感器动态性能改善中的应用

将矩形矩阵的正交（QR）分解和改进的最小二乘（GLS）算法相结合,实现传感器的动态建模,运用零极点配置理论改善传感器动态性能。利用传感器动态校准实验数据,首先构造矩形数据矩阵并对矩阵进行正交分解确定传感器模型阶次,继而利用改进的最小二乘算法建立传感器的数学模型,而后运用零极点理论对模型零极点进行重新配置改善传感器的动态性能。实验结果表明：该方法简洁,建模精度高,能够较准确得到反映传感器动态特性的数学模型,且基于该方法的传感器动态性能改善效果明显。     

传感器动态误差高速并行修正方法及其FPGA实现

为了运用动态补偿器来修正由传感器系统特性引起的动态误差,提出了一种基于改进粒子群优化(PSO)算法的动态补偿器设计方法,该方法有效的克服了PSO算法的初始值对补偿器系数的影响。为了将获得的最优动态补偿器运用于实时在线测量,将分布式算法引入到动态补偿器的硬件结构设计中,完成了传感器动态补偿器的高速并行FPGA实现。实验表明高速并行动态补偿器不但能够修正传感器的动态误差,而且其高速并行结构极大减少了对FPGA资源的占用率并有效地提高了系统等效吞吐率。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.