工务天窗修存在问题思考

"天窗修"在工务维修体系中占据着重要的地位,对于优化铁路行车组织有着不可替代的作用。本文通过研究指出了工务天窗修存在的问题:"天窗点"的时间段设置不合理,"天窗修"病害分析不到位、"天窗修"管理考核不到位。提出了相应的改进建议,强调要科学安排"天窗"时段,规范病害对比分析,严格"天窗修"考核管理,促进工务天窗修效率的提升,为安全生产提供保证。     

关于探索“天窗修”模式的做法小结

结合大同工务段的实际情况,以部分车间为试点,提出了重新整合合理分配车间劳力资源,统一调配全段人、物的力量等"天窗修"措施,有效地提高了天窗的利用率和劳动生产率。     

强化、完善“天窗修”管理 提高“天窗修两率”

组织贯彻落实好铁路总公司、路局有关工作精神,结合青岛电务段天窗修管理实际情况,不断强化、完善各类维修天窗修的组织管理措施。强化现场过程控制,紧抓设备的检修质量及时组织解决天窗修实施中出现的问题,提高天窗修兑现率、利用率。     

论如何提高维修天窗作业的效率和质量

分析了原平工务段目前天窗作业的现状,对天窗作业中存在的问题进行了分析,从计划、管理、组织等方面提出了提高维修天窗作业效率和质量的措施,以有效解决工务系统中的一系列问题。     

重载铁路多项施工协同开展组织模式应用

韩家岭站是北同蒲线、韩原线、大秦线交会枢纽,属重载铁路通道,由于运量大、天窗少,产生了较多的工务设备基础病害。在集中修施工期间,探索实施了成段换枕、道岔换碴、大机清筛等多项施工协同开展的组织模式,在有限天窗内发挥最大效能,解决了诸多基础性设备病害,设备质量明显提高。     

关于铁路工务“天窗”合理利用的探讨

针对铁路工务部门在实际应用"天窗"过程中,在天窗的平行作业、集中修天窗、枢纽天窗、施工天窗与维修天窗的关系等方面存在的问题进行了分析,提出安全管理、施工作业管理及考核制度等合理利用天窗的措施,以提高天窗点内的作业效率。     

铁路“天窗修”线路维修工作探讨

从找准铁路线路病害、确定病害的程度、病害处理的作业方法三方面入手,介绍了天窗修模式下,铁路工务线路的维修方法,为线路病害的处理提供了合理建议,从而保证了病害处理的有效性和彻底性。     

解析大型养路机械在铁路工务集中修施工中的安全风险控制

铁路工务集中修施工时间紧、任务重,涉及部门多,对铁路运输产生巨大影响。因此,在铁路工务集中修施工中,需要做好安全风险控制工作,保障施工质量。本文分析了大型养路机械施工安全风险识别,进而总结出风险应对措施。     

铁路工务小型养路机械使用管理探讨

通过分析工务小型养路机械使用管理方面存在的问题,提出切实可行的降低小型养路机械故障率、延长使用寿命、提高利用率的有效措施。     

高铁工务安全风险管理探析

结合在高铁工务的实际工作经验,应用高铁工务安全风险管理系统理论,从高铁安全风险源的识别与研判、风险控制与应急处置、人身安全与培训提素等方面出发,提出了一些高铁工务安全风险管理的措施,以不断提高高铁工务安全管理水平,确保高铁行车安全及人民生命财产安全。     

建筑产业化的探索与实践——万达广场采光顶产业化小记

建筑产业化是以标准化设计、工厂化生产、装配化施工和信息化管理为主要特征的建筑生产方式。通过探索和实践,万达广场采光顶在标准化设计基础上,研发了适应工厂化生产和装配化施工的工艺流程,并纳入了BIM建筑信息化管理,从而较为全面地实现了产业化要素。文章从研发和试点两个方面对采光顶产业化过程进行了总结,以期为后续产业化工作的进一步深入奠定基础。     

天然光利用的技术要求

详细讲解《全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施——电气节能专篇》“天然光的利用”一节的相关规定,包括:天然光的利用要求;对日光有较高要求的场所宜采用主动式导光系统,一般场所采用被动式导光系统;天然光导光、反光系统只能用于普通照明,不可用于应急照明;应避免将采光部分布置于阴影区内;不宜采用矩形、梯形、多边形断面的导光管;反射材料反射率不宜低于95%;宜减小天然光导光系统的长度和转弯次数;光导系统照度估算;当照度要求均匀且层高较高时,宜采用水平布置,一般情况应采用垂直布置;除特殊需要外,导光部件不宜采用光导纤维等。     

杭州湾跨海大桥海中平台移动天窗设计

杭州湾跨海大桥海中平台移动天窗整体可以移动,其设计需要将建筑采光屋面系统和开合机械系统两者有机地结合起来,采用耐海水腐蚀的优质材料建造;工程完工后,在天窗移动功能不受影响的情况下,防水效果很好。     

DCS集散控制系统维护浅析

集散控制系统作为连续性生产实时过程控制的核心、其稳定运行已成为保证企业正常生产的重要问题，就DCS集散控制系统维护的重要性、维护策略及方式、方法作了详细的分析、探讨，从而使用户有的放矢地做好维护工作，防止隐患，减少和防止故障发生，保证系统维持生产装置的正常运转。     

太阳能光电玻璃幕墙浅析

本文主要论述了太阳能光电玻璃的基本原理、太阳能光电玻璃幕墙（采光顶）的设计结构及使用维护等。     

A comparative study of time-based maintenance and condition-based maintenance for optimal choice of maintenance policy

Cost-effective maintenance of infrastructure systems within an acceptable level of safety and performance is the major concern of managing agencies. Recent maintenance approaches have offered two distinct maintenance policies: time-based maintenance (TBM) and condition-based maintenance (CBM). This paper compares the two policies under different cost environments for stochastically deteriorating infrastructures. The performance of TBM and CBM is evaluated from the viewpoint of condition transition and life cycle cost. We found the optimal maintenance solutions for TBM and CBM using dynamic programming and performed a simulation study. The simulation study showed that TBM causes some unexpected deterioration that leads to high cost, while CBM maintains a certain level of condition steadily under consistent inspection, which enables steady spending at the management level. The life cycle cost under CBM is relatively symmetric and has a more concentrated distribution than TBM, which has a large number of outliers from unexpected deteriorations. Finally, we evaluated the life cycle cost with a change in the inspection–repair cost ratio to find the most appropriate cost environment for each maintenance policy. While CBM needs periodic inspections, it still has more advantages than TBM when the inspection cost is relatively low.     

A multiple criteria evaluation of multi-family apartment block's maintenance contractors: I—Model for maintenance contractor evaluation and the determination of its selection criteria

The paper presents a model that describes the process of selecting dwelling maintenance contractors. The model is based on a multi-criteria evaluation of maintenance contractors, the determination of their utility level for the building's users and a bid price in negotiations that are made according to the results of the multiple criteria analysis. The proposed model could further be applied to plan dwelling maintenance operations. The criteria of maintenance contractor evaluation are selected by taking into consideration the interests and goals of the building's users as well as factors that influence the process of maintenance's efficiency. The correlation of the criteria characterizing maintenance contractors from various perspectives was determined.     

城市综合管廊结构养护体系构建探讨

城市综合管廊是现阶段市政基础设施建设的重点,我国即将进入城市综合管廊大规模养护时期,但现有管廊养护方法以维持管廊正常运营环境为目的,缺乏对管廊结构检查、监测及维修的重视,不能较好地满足城市综合管廊长期运营下对结构安全性和耐久性的需求。本文通过分析运营城市综合管廊的长期性能劣化规律和国内城市综合管廊养护方法现状,探讨城市综合管廊养护体系的需求和构建思路,提出了一套包含检查、维修、监测和管理的管廊结构养护体系。该体系采用更为完备系统的管养手段,能有效提高管养工作效率,节约养护资金和延长管廊结构寿命周期。     

Network level bridges maintenance planning using Multi-Attribute Utility Theory

Bridge infrastructure managers are facing multiple challenges to improve the availability and serviceability of ageing infrastructure, while the maintenance planning is constrained by budget restrictions. Many research efforts are ongoing, for the last few decades, ranging from development of bridge management system, decision support tools, optimisation models, life cycle cost analysis, etc. Since transport infrastructures are deeply embedded in society, they are not only subject to technical requirements, but are required to meet the requirements of societal and economic developments. Therefore, bridge maintenance planning should accommodate multiple performance goals which need to be quantified by various performance indicators. In this paper, an application of Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) for bridge maintenance planning is illustrated with a case study of bridges from the Netherlands road network. MAUT seeks to optimise multiple objectives by suggesting a trade-off among them and finally assigns a ranking to the considered bridges. Moreover, utility functions of MAUT appropriately account for the involved uncertainty and risk attitude of infrastructure managers. The main contribution of this study is in presenting a proof-of-concept on how MAUT provides a systematic approach to improve the decision-making of maintenance planning by making use of available data, accommodating multiple performance goals, their uncertainty, and preferences of infrastructure managers.