锰铈改性对Pt/BaCO3/Al2O3催化剂NOx存储性能的影响

稀燃NOx存储技术是有效降低机动车NOx排放的关键技术之一,如何提高Pt/BaCO3/Al2O3催化剂的性能是稀燃NOx存储技术的关键.通过分步浸渍法制备含CeO2-x,MnO2-x的Pt/BaCO3/Al2O3催化剂,并采用N2吸脱附、X射线衍射(XRD)、氢气程序升温还原(H2-TPR)对催化剂结构进行表征;利用N...     

Ru-La_2O_3/Al_2O_3催化剂上CO选择氧化本征反应动力学

采用浸渍法制备了用于CO选择氧化的Ru-La2O3/Al2O3催化剂,研究了CO在Ru-La2O3/Al2O3催化剂床层上的CO选择氧化本征动力学.结果表明,在消除内外扩散的条件下,CO在Ru-La2O3/Al2O3催化剂床层的本征反应是一个表面反应控制的一级反应,反应的活化能为76.24kJ/mol.     

Ru-La2O3/Al2O3催化剂上CO选择氧化本征反应动力学

采用浸渍法制备了用于CO选择氧化的Ru-La2O3/Al2O3催化剂,研究了CO在Ru-La2O3/Al2O3催化剂床层上的CO选择氧化本征动力学.结果表明,在消除内外扩散的条件下,CO在Ru-La2O3/Al2O3催化剂床层的本征反应是一个表面反应控制的一级反应,反应的活化能为76.24kJ/mol.     

AgO/Al_2O_3催化剂选择还原氮氧化物的研究

对浸渍法和水热共沉淀法制备的AgO/Al2O3催化剂进行了选择还原氮氧化物的研究。结果表明:催化剂制备方法对催化剂的催化效果起重要作用,水热共沉淀法制备的AgO/Al2O3催化剂要比浸渍法制备的更有活性;引入不同的还原剂表现出不同的还原性能,水热共沉淀法制备的AgO/Al2O3催化剂具有更强的抗水抗硫性能。AgO与高比表面积Al2O3之间的强相互作用是水热共沉淀法制备的AgO/Al2O3催化剂具有高选择还原活性的原因所在。催化剂表面吸附的氧气很大程度上促进了氮氧化物的选择性氧化过程。     

Ni/Al_2O_3及La改性Ni/Al_2O_3催化CO浆态床甲烷化性能

采用等体积浸渍法制备了Ni/Al2O3及La改性的Ni-La/Al2O3催化剂,并考察了其浆态床CO甲烷化反应性能。借助XRD、H2-TPR、CO-TPD、H2-TPD等对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,La助剂改性制备的Ni-La/Al2O3催化剂较Ni/Al2O3催化剂具有更高的CO甲烷化活性,La助剂的添加促进了Ni物种在载体表面的分散,降低了还原温度,增强了催化剂对CO和H2的吸附能力。La助剂的添加次序对甲烷化活性影响较大,采用共浸渍法制备的催化剂具有最佳的甲烷化活性,CO转化率达到96.3%,CH4选择性和时空收率分别达到87.1%和179.6 m L·kg-1·h-1,优于先浸渍Ni后浸渍La或先浸渍La后浸渍Ni制备的催化剂。     

Al2O3/B4C复合材料性能的研究

采用凝胶注模成形工艺制备Al2O3/B4C芯块,研究其真空烧结性能.通过热分析仪、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD),考察了Al2O3/B4C复合材料DTA、结构、形貌和相态.结果表明:在1 600℃以上Al2O3与B4C反应,生成Al8B2O15等低熔点化合物,有利于提高Al2O3/B4C芯块致密性,但同时会产...     

原位反应合成致密Al2O3p-TiCp/Al复合材料

采用高能球磨细化晶粒、原位反应合成及热压技术制备了致密的Al2 O3 p TiCp/Al复合材料 ,并用XRD、SEM、以及EDAX等手段分析了复合材料的相组成、显微组织。结果表明 :Al TiO2 C三元体系在热压反应烧结后 ,可制得致密度较高的Al2 O3p TiCp/Al原位复合材料 ,其显微组织中Al2 O3 和TiC颗粒尺寸为 1μm左右 ,分布均匀。高能球磨有利于增强颗粒细化及弥散分布和反应。     

Zr对Pt-Sn/γ-Al2O3脱氢性能的影响

通过H2-TPR、H2化学吸附和O2-脉冲等物理化学表征手段,并结合丙烷脱氢催化性能测试,考察了助剂Zr对Pt-Sn/γ-Al2O3催化剂反应性能的影响,结果表明：少量Zr的添加可显著改善Pt-Sn/γ-Al2O3催化剂的脱氢稳定性,同时可提高丙烯选择性,降低催化剂表面积碳量.Zr的存在可能加强了Pt与助剂和载体之间的相互作用,提高Pt粒子抗烧结的能力.     

多孔TiB2+Al2O3/NiAl基复合材料的研究

采用自蔓延高温合成技术制备NiAl/Al2O3 TiB2多孔复合材料,Ni-Al体系的反应产物的相组成主要为NiAl;Ni、Al、B2O3和TiO2组成的反应体系在进行燃烧合成反应之后,生成物主要是NiAl、Al2O3和TiB2,表明燃烧过程中很短的时间内反应能完全充分地进行;加入10Al 3TiO2 3B2O3→5Al2O3 3TiB2颗粒增强体系后,反应合成的多孔产物的孔径减小,孔洞间的连通性增强,孔隙度升高。     

Zr对Pt-Sn/γ-Al_2O_3脱氢性能的影响

通过H2-TPR、H2化学吸附和O2-脉冲等物理化学表征手段,并结合丙烷脱氢催化性能测试,考察了助剂Zr对Pt-Sn/γ-Al2O3催化剂反应性能的影响,结果表明:少量Zr的添加可显著改善Pt-Sn/γ-Al2O3催化剂的脱氢稳定性,同时可提高丙烯选择性,降低催化剂表面积碳量.Zr的存在可能加强了Pt与助剂和载体之间的相互作用,提高Pt粒子抗烧结的能力.     

Influence of V2O5 Addition on Reduction of NO by C3H6 over Pt/V2O5/Al2O3 Monolithic Catalyst

Pt/V2O5/Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3 monolithic catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation method, and the influence of V2 O5 addition on the catalytic activity for NO reduction by C3 H6 under lean burn condition was investigated in detail.The results show that Pt/V2O5/Al2O3 has better activity of NO reduction than Pt/Al2O3 , adding V2O5 to Pt catalyst makes the temperature window of NO reduction shift further to a lower temperature region.The activity of NO reduction decreases and there is a similar degree of deactivation over the two catalysts in the presence of SO2 in feed gas.Moreover, adding V2 O5 to Pt catalyst resulted in improvement of resistance to SO2 oxidation, which decreases the emission of sulfate particulate.Thermal aging treatment counteractes the promoting effect of V2O5 on NO reduction.     

Catalytic Incineration of C2H5SH and Its Mixture with CH3SH over a Pt/Al2O3 Catalyst

Catalytic incineration is one of the cost-effective technologies to solve troublesome volatile organic compounds. However, some sulfur containing volatile organic compounds, such as ethyl mercaptan, may deactivate the Pt catalyst that is commonly used in the catalytic incineration process. This paper provides information on the poisoning effect of ethyl mercaptan. The catalytic incineration of ethyl mercaptan, typically emitted from the petrochemical industry, over a Pt/Al2O3 fixed-bed catalytic reactor was studied. The effects of operating parameters including inlet temperature, space velocity, C2H5SH concentration, O2 concentration, and catalyst size were characterized. Catalytic incineration on a mixture of C2H5SH with CH3SH was also tested. The results show that the conversions of C2H5SH increase as the inlet temperature increases and the space velocity decreases. For the temperature from 200–260°C, the higher the C2H5SH concentration is, the lower its conversion. The O2 concentration has a positive effect on the conversion of C2H5SH. C2H5SH has a poisoning effect on the Pt/Al2O3 catalyst, especially at lower temperature. The existence of CH3SH has no effects on the conversion of C2H5SH.     

Ceria modified three-dimensionally ordered macro-porous Pt/TiO2 catalysts for water-gas shift reaction

Three-dimensionally ordered macro-porous(3DOM) TiO2 and ceria-modified 3DOM TiO2 supported platinum catalysts were pre-pared with template and impregnation methods, and the resultant samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray dif-fractometer(XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM) and texture programmed reduction(TPR) techniques. The catalytic performances over the platinum-based catalysts were investigated for water-gas shift (WGS) reaction in a wide temperature range macro-porous catalyst, owing to the macro-porous structure favoring mass uansfer. Addition of ceria into 3DOM Pt/TiO2 led to improvement of catalytic activity. TPR and HRTEM results showed that the interaction existed between ceria and titanium oxide and addition of ceria promoted the reducibility of platinum oxide and TiO2 on the interface of platinum and TiO2 particles, which contributed to high activity of the ceria modi-fied catalysts. The results indicated that ceria-modified 3DOM Pt/TiO2 was a promising candidate of fuel cell oriented WGS catalyst.     

Ni/Y_2O3-Al2O3 catalysts for hydrogen production from steam reforming of ethanol at low temperature

Y2O3-Al2O3 with different mole ratios of Y:Al were prepared by co-precipitation method. Catalysts Ni/Y2O3, Ni/Al2O3 and Ni/ Y2O3-Al2O3 were prepared by impregnation method. The result of BET showed that Al2O3 with relative high surface area was in favor of Ni distribution, whilst the TPR test demonstrated that composite support had appropriate synergistic effect between active constituent and sup-port, and NiO could be reduced more easily than loaded on the single support. H2-TPD test indicated that the catalyst NYA11 had lots of ac-tivity sites where H could be desorbed easily, which led to hydrogen-rich production over the catalyst. Composite support catalysts exhibited high activity for ethanol steam reforming (SRE), and the supported catalyst with composite of 1:1 mole ratio of Y:Al exhibited the optimum catalytic properties for SRE. Ethanol could be completely converted over catalyst NYA11 even at 450 °C, and there had no inactivation after 60 h continuous reaction, hydrogen yield appeared maximum 35.9% at 400 °C, and tended to increase with increasing H2O/EtOH molar ratio and feed flow rate.     

Zirconia modified monolithic macroporous Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 catalyst used for water-gas shift reaction

Monolithic macroporous Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 and zirconia modified Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by using concentrated emulsions synthesis route. The catalytic performances over the platinum-based catalysts were investigated by water-gas shift (WGS) reaction in a wide temperature range (180-300 oC). The samples were characterized with thermogravimetry (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and temperature programmed reducti...     

Catalytic Synthesis of Tert-Butyl Acetate by Nd2O3/Al2O3-Nd2O3/ZnO

Nd2O3 was used to support Al2O3 and ZnO to prepare a supported solid base catalyst and investigate the effect of catalyst and reaction conditions on the synthesis of tert-butyl acetate. The composited oxide of Nd2O3/Al2O3-Nd2O3/ZnO exhibited excellent catalytic activity for the synthsis of tert-butyl acetate. The molar ratio of tert-butanol to acetic anhydride is 31, the catalyst in total amount of reactant nearly 0.5%, and reaction time 6 h. With the above conditions, yield of the reaction could reach to 65%. The structure of product were verified by the FT-IR, Element analysis, and MS, which proved that the product was tert-butyl acetate.     

Removal of Cooking Fume by Catalytic Combustion on Pt/La-Al2O3 ＋ Ce0.5 Zr0.5O2 Catalyst

Four monolithic catalysts with low concentration of noble metal were prepared by the immersion method [ Pt/La- Al2O3, Pt/La-Al2O3 ＋ Pt/OSM （2 ： 1 ）, Pt/La-Al2O3 ＋ Pt/OSM （ 1 ： 1 ） Pt/La-Al2O3 ＋ Pt/OSM （ 1 ： 2） ], and measurements of their activity were carded out in a conventional fixed-bed flow reactor. The results show that the oxygen storage material （OSM） that is added can promote the activity of the prepared catalysts and can decrease the complete conversion temperature of cooking fume. When the ratio between La-Al2O3 and OSM is 1 ： 1, the catalyst has the highest activity, and the complete conversion temperature of cooking fume is 270℃ ; the catalyst thus prepared can be applied in a wide range of gas hourly space velocity （GHSV） [from 10000 to 60000 h^-1]. The catalyst obtained shows great potential for practical application.     

Catalytic combustion of toluene on Pt/Al2O3 and Pd/Al2O3 catalysts with CeO2,CeO2-Y2O3 and La2O3 as coatings

CeO₂,La₂O₃,and CeO₂-Y₂O₃ oxides were coated on the surface of spherical granular AI₂O₃(3-5 mm)through impregnation method,and proved as better supports of Pd and Pt catalysts.The influences of rare earth metal doping on the adsorption rates of Pd and Pt ions,as well as the catalytic performance,were investigated.Results show that the H₂PtCl₆·6H₂O adsorption rates of the Al     

Temperature Programmed Reduction Studies on CeO2-Containing Catalysts

Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) study was carried out for CeO2/A12O3 and CeO2/ZrO2 catalysts to evaluate oxygen storage property induced by a facile redox cycling of Ce ion. The CeO2/ZrO2 catalyst possesses excellent oxygen storage activity at 373 K after reduction above 1173 K although the oxygen storage of CeO2/Al2O3 catalyst after reduction above 1173 K is poor because of the formation of CeAlO3. Consequently, the oxygen storage on the CeO2/ZrO2 catalyst smoothly occurs from low temperatures when the catalyst is reduced even at high temperatures.