纳米填料改性环氧树脂建筑保温材料的制备及性能研究

环氧树脂基混凝土作为一种绿色环保的建筑材料,在道路修补和保温建筑中应用广泛。以环氧树脂E44为原料,二甲苯为稀释剂,纳米玻璃纤维为填料,制备了复合环氧树脂基混凝土,研究了不同纳米玻璃纤维长度对混凝土微观形貌、力学性能和保温性能的影响。结果表明,纳米玻璃纤维的掺杂发挥了“晶种”作用,促进了水化反应的进行,提高了环氧树脂基混凝土的密实度。纳米玻璃纤维长度的适当增加提高了混凝土与纤维的结合强度,当纳米玻璃纤维长度为8 mm时,混凝土的形貌最佳。随着纳米玻璃纤维长度的增加,混凝土的抗压强度和抗折强度先增大后降低。养护28 d,当纳米玻璃纤维长度为8 mm时,混凝土的抗压强度和抗折强度均达到最大值,分别为21.93和4.59 MPa。纳米玻璃纤维的掺杂改善了混凝土的孔结构,降低了导热系数,提高了保温性能,当纳米玻璃纤维长度为8 mm时,混凝土导热系数最低为0.147 W/(m·K),保温性能最佳。     

光固化树脂结合剂磨具的研究探讨

光固化树脂是一种结合剂制造的全新的树脂磨具,其诞生之后就迅速的成型了各项技术深入使用在磨具的制造过程中。文中从国内外多角度全方位的对光固化树脂磨具的各种不同存在类型研究进行了简要论述。     

玻璃纤维/聚脲复合材料的性能研究

为研究玻璃纤维对聚脲性能的影响，分别以聚脲和玻璃纤维作为基体和增强体，合成了玻璃纤维/聚脲复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和动态热机械分析仪，探究玻璃纤维长度在0.2～0.8mm、添加量在0.5%～1.5%(wt,质量分数，下同)范围时对复合材料微观结构、力学性能和动态力学性能的影响规律，分析复合材料的耗能机理。结果表明：玻璃纤维在基体中分布均匀，降低了复合材料的氢键化程度、氢键结合强度以及微相分离程度；复合材料的拉伸强度、撕裂强度随玻璃纤维长度和添加量的增加而提高，当玻璃纤维长度为0.8mm、添加量为1.5%时，复合材料的拉伸强度为30.14MPa,撕裂强度为127.48kN/m,力学性能最好；随着玻璃纤维长度和添加量的增加，复合材料的储能模量和损耗模量逐渐增加，玻璃化转变温度向高温移动；复合材料的主要耗能机理为本征阻尼和界面阻尼，本征阻尼随着玻璃纤维长度的增加而减小，界面阻尼随着玻璃纤维添加量的增加而增大。     

UV光固化玻璃纤维布/EP-PBMA树脂复合材料的力学性能

设计了光热共引发环氧树脂-聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯(EP-PBMA)树脂,并制备了UV光固化玻璃纤维布增强EP-PBMA树脂基复合材料,研究了不同EP与PBMA质量比的玻璃纤维布/EP-PBMA复合材料在不同加载速率下的拉伸力学性能。结果表明: 玻璃纤维布/EP-PBMA复合材料具有明显的应变率效应;随着加载速率增大,复合材料的拉伸强度和弹性模量呈增大趋势;EP-PBMA树脂基体的组成对应变率效应有明显的影响;玻璃纤维布/EP-PBMA复合材料与纯EP基复合材料相比,在较低的加载速率下具有更高的拉伸强度,但当加载速率达到50 mm/min时拉伸强度较低。     

玻璃纤维增强树脂基复合材料的介电特性

本文介绍了玻璃纤维增强树脂基复合材料作为电介质材料的特点及影响因素。并介绍了低介电性能环氧树脂/玻璃纤维复合材料的研究现状以及PTFE、氰酸酯树脂等高性能透波复合材料的研究进展。     

引发体系对乙烯基酯树脂固化行为及厚截面层压板力学性能的影响

选取预促进型乙烯基酯树脂(VE)为树脂基体,过氧化甲乙酮、过氧化异丙苯、过氧化乙酰丙酮及其复配体系作引发剂。通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)及凝胶试验研究了不同引发体系下树脂的固化行为。采用真空辅助树脂传递模塑工艺(VARTM)制备了乙烯基酯树脂/玻璃纤维复合材料层压板,通过复合材料的弯曲性能及切割面状态研究,筛选了适用于高温下厚截面乙烯基酯树脂/玻璃纤维复合材料层压板成型的引发体系。结果显示,引发剂类型及用量均影响树脂体系的固化行为,对于高温下厚截面复合材料层压板的成型,需选用合适用量的低放热引发剂;通过室温放置1个月的后固化措施,将显著提高厚截面乙烯基酯树脂/玻璃纤维复合材料层压板的弯曲性能。     

相容剂对长玻纤增强热塑性聚氨酯弹性体/聚乳酸复合材料性能的影响

采用熔体浸渍工艺制备长玻纤增强热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)/聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料;以苯乙烯-丙烯腈接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(SAG)作为相容剂,热塑性弹性体聚氨酯作为增韧剂,聚乳酸为基体树脂,考察苯乙烯-丙烯腈接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯用量对长玻璃纤维增强聚TPU/PLA复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,加入苯乙烯-丙烯腈接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯能改善长玻璃纤维增强聚TPU/PLA复合材料的相容性;长玻璃纤维增强聚TPU/PLA复合材料的拉伸强度、缺口冲击强度、弯曲强度和模量等力学性能及储能模量随着苯乙烯-丙烯腈接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯用量的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势,而长玻璃纤维增强聚TPU/PLA复合材料的损耗因子则随苯乙烯-丙烯腈接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯含量的增加呈现降低后增加的趋势;通过复合材料的形态分析表明,加入相容剂的复合材料中玻璃纤维与基体树脂界面强度增加,且玻璃纤维表面有一层包覆的树脂基体;通过分析得出,当相容剂添加量为6%时,长玻璃纤维增强聚TPU/PLA复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和模量、缺口冲击强度等力学性能最优。     

L形复合材料层板热压工艺密实变形过程的数值模拟

基于 Biot 固结原理和达西定律 , 建立了二维树脂流动与纤维密实模型 , 采用有限元方法实现了 L 形层板热压成型过程树脂压力分布、 层板变形的预测。通过对 AS4 炭纤维/环氧 350126 等厚层板厚度变化的模拟结果与实验数据的对比分析 , 证明了数学模型和有限元程序的可靠性。以阳模成型 90° 铺层 S22玻璃纤维/环氧 648L 形层板为例 , 对工艺过程层板厚度变化进行了分析。模拟结果表明 : 剪切模量对拐角以及拐角与平板过渡区域的变形影响较大 ; 平板长度对拐角区域变形影响较明显 , 对平板区的变形影响较小。采用热压罐制备了 90° 铺层S22玻璃纤维/环氧 648阳模成型 L 形层板 , 实验数据表明 , 固化后层板呈现拐角区厚、 平板区薄的厚度不均现象 , 并且平板长度对拐角区厚度变化影响较显著 , 这与数值预测结果具有较好的一致性。     

接头尺寸对玻璃纤维/热塑性树脂复合材料机械连接性能的影响接头尺寸对玻璃纤维/热塑性树脂复合材料机械连接性能的影响

对玻璃纤维/聚酰胺（GF/PA）、玻璃纤维/聚甲醛（GF/POM）、玻璃纤维/聚丙烯（GF/PP）这三种玻璃纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料进行机械连接试样的常规拉伸试验,以及低周疲劳拉伸试验,并对疲劳前后的试样断裂面进行SEM观察,研究了接头尺寸（宽径比w/d （试样宽度/开孔直径）和端径比e/d （试样端距/开孔直径））对机械连接件破坏载荷和破坏模式的影响。实验结果表明:玻璃纤维增强纤热塑性树脂复合材料机械连接件的承载能力在一定的宽径比时会随着e/d的增加而增加,当w/d≥3、e/d≥2时趋于稳定;破坏模式以拉伸破坏为主;低周疲劳拉伸对GF/POM和GF/PA机械连接试样拉伸强度产生一定的影响,而对GF/PP的拉伸强度无明显影响,低周疲劳拉伸对玻璃纤维增强热塑性树脂复合材料机械连接试样的破坏模式没有影响。SEM观察显示,随着疲劳载荷水平的增加,GF/POM和GF/PA的断裂面上被抽拔纤维数量增加,而GF/PP断裂面纤维与基体的存在状态无明显变化。      

真空导入工艺参数对复合材料孔隙含量的影响

以舰船构件为对象,通过玻璃纤维/乙烯基酯树脂复合材料的真空导入成型实验,研究了真空度、树脂温度参数对制件孔隙含量的影响规律。结果表明:真空度大小对孔隙率含量有显著影响,当真空度为80～90kPa时孔隙含量较低;低于20℃时,温度对孔隙含量有明显的影响,温度高于20℃时孔隙含量变化不大;沿树脂流动方向,试件孔隙含量由低到高变化;沿试件从上到下的厚度方向,孔隙含量也呈由低到高增加的趋势。     

High-speed grinding of isophthalic resin glass fibre reinforced plastic pipes

Abstract

In an experimental investigation some of the parameters affecting the efficiency of cylindrically grinding glass fibre reinforced plastic pipe section have been examined. For a range of grinding conditions, 70% glass isophthalic resin workpieces were ground, using a variety of aluminium oxide and silicon carbide grinding wheels. Such parameters as grinding forces, specific energy, and wheel wear are collated. Also examined was the effect on the grinding parameters and workpieces when the infeed rate is increased, for grinding both with and without coolant.

MST/383     

立式玻璃磨边机砂轮离心振动特性分析

针对立式玻璃磨边机砂轮架的结构特点,建立其动力学模型及系统运动微分方程,导出砂轮离心力作用下砂轮架与砂轮振动的稳态响应幅值及其动力放大因子β1、β2的理论计算公式,着重分析砂轮离心力激振下砂轮架及砂轮的振动特性及规律,结果表明：β1、β2的大小和砂轮与砂轮架的质量之比µ、固有频率之比α,砂轮角频率与固有频率之比λ,阻尼比ξ等因素有关;合理选择µ、α、ξ值,可使砂轮与砂轮架具有相同且较小的动力放大因子;避免砂轮工作在λ=0.9~1.1对应的转速范围内,可有效减轻砂轮架及砂轮的振动程度。研究结果突破了现有研究将砂轮轴刚性化处理、试验测试装备复杂等缺陷,具有物理概念清晰、计算简单等特点。     

New Vitrified Bond Diamond Grinding Wheel for Grinding the Cylinder of Polycrystalline Diamond Compacts

In this work, a kind of new vitrified bond based on Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 glass ceramics was used to bond the diamond grains, which is made into grinding wheel and the cylindrical grinding process of polycrystalline diamond compacts （PDCs） by using the new vitrified bond diamond grinding wheel was discussed. Several factors which influence the properties of grinding wheel such as amount of vitrified bond and the kinds and amount of stuff in grinding wheel were also investigated. It was found that the new vitrified bond can firmly combine diamond grains, when there are only diamonds and vitrified bond in the structure of grinding wheel, the longevity of the grinding wheel is about 2.5-3 times as that of resin bond grinding wheel for processing PDCs. The grinding size precision of PDCs can be improved from 4-0.03 mm to 4-0.01 mm because of larger Young＇s modulus of vitrified bond than resin bond. The grinding time of a PDC product can be 1.75-2.0 min from 3.25-3.5 min, so this kind of grinding wheel can save much time for processing PDCs. Also, there is hardly noise when using this new vitrified bond diamond grinding wheel to process PDCs. The amount of vitrified bond in grinding wheel influences the longevity of grinding wheel. When the size of diamond grains is 90-107 μm, the optimal amount of vitrified bond in grinding wheel is 21% （wt pct）. When the amount of vitrified bond exceeds 21%, there are many pores in grinding block, which will decrease the longevity of grinding wheel. The existence of addition stuff such as Al2O3 or SiC can reduce the longevity of grinding wheel.     

应用于磨床砂轮磨钝及故障检测的神经网络研究

磨床在磨削过程中砂轮会逐渐变钝。当它变钝后,需要进行修快。针对砂轮变钝时间的不定性,利用神经网络进行砂轮监控,以便于充分把握修快时机,达到及时、经济的修快。同时对砂轮意外碰撞、破碎进行监控。     

降低磨削波纹度的研究

本文建立了一种新的由砂轮不平衡量引起工件及砂轮主轴系统振动的力学模型。在对磨削表面波纹度产生机理的理论分析基础上,采用砂轮在线液体平衡技术,就砂轮不平衡量U对唐削波纹度W_z的影响规律做了定量研究,得出在线实时平衡砂轮是提高磨削质量、降低磨削波纹度的重要途径。     

硅晶圆磨削减薄工艺的磨削力模型

硅晶圆磨削减薄是一种有别于传统磨削的材料加工方式。磨削减薄过程中,硅晶圆和砂轮同时绕旋转轴旋转,砂轮沿垂直方向连续进给去除材料,其中磨削力是磨削质量的决定性因素。目前,尚缺少一个用于硅晶圆磨削减薄工艺的磨削力预测模型。为了得到磨削力模型,分析了磨削减薄过程中的硅晶圆材料去除机理,将磨削力分为摩擦力和切屑力,考虑了磨粒运动轨迹,分别计算了单颗磨粒在法向和切向上的摩擦力和切屑力,最后基于有效磨粒总数建立了总磨削力模型。模型综合考虑了磨削参数、砂轮和硅晶圆的几何参数和材料性质对磨削力的影响。讨论了砂轮进给速度、晶圆转速和砂轮转速三个主要磨削参数对磨削力的影响,讨论了硅晶圆上晶向对磨削力的影响,给出了磨削力在硅晶圆面上沿径向的分布情况。     

Controlled wear of vitrified abrasive materials for precision grinding applications

The study of bonding hard materials such as aluminium oxide and cubic boron nitride (cBN) and the nature of interfacial cohesion between these materials and glass is very important from the perspective of high precision grinding. Vitrified grinding wheels are typically used to remove large volumes of metal and to produce components with very high tolerances. It is expected that the same grinding wheel is used for both rough and finish machining operations. Therefore, the grinding wheel, and in particular its bonding system, is expected to react differently to a variety of machining operations. In order to maintain the integrity of the grinding wheel, the bonding system that is used to hold abrasive grains in place reacts differently to forces that are placed on individual bonding bridges. This paper examines the role of vitrification heat treatment on the development of strength between abrasive grains and bonding bridges, and the nature of fracture and wear in vitrified grinding wheels that are used for precision grinding applications.     

Microscale wear of vitrified abrasive materials

The study of bonding hard materials such as aluminium oxide and cubic boron nitride (cBN) and the nature of interfacial cohesion between these materials and glass is very important from the perspective of high precision grinding. Vitrified grinding wheels are typically used to remove large volumes of metal and to produce components with very high tolerances. It is expected that the same grinding wheel be used for both rough and finish machining operations. Therefore, the grinding wheel, and in particular its bonding system, is expected to react differently to a variety of machining operations. In order to maintain the integrity of the grinding wheel, the bonding system that is used to hold abrasive grains in place will react differently to forces that are placed on individual bonding bridges. This paper examines the role of vitrification heat treatment on the development of strength between abrasive grains and bonding bridges, and the nature of fracture and wear in vitrified grinding wheels that are used for precision grinding applications.     

表面纹理的空间参数表征及 在磨粒可控排布砂轮表面的应用

磨粒的可控优化排布能够有效改善砂轮的磨削性能。为了表征磨粒可控排布的效果,评定排布工艺的质量,采用最新的表面三维形貌评定标准ISO 25178-2空间参数（最速衰减自相关长度S_al,表面纹理结构比率S_tr,表面纹理方向S_td）对其表面进行分析。首先研究了空间参数的表征意义及其求解方法,然后用Matlab软件模拟具有不同磨粒排布类型的砂轮表面,分析了各空间参数在磨粒可控排布砂轮表面的应用。结果表明空间参数可以应用于磨粒可控排布效果的表征和评定,从而为磨粒可控排布砂轮的检测和评定提供了一种新方法。     

Effects of Cooling and Dressing Methods on Grinding of Glass

Experiments were designed and conducted to evaluate the effects of cooling and dressing methods and five other factors on the grinding of glass. Surface roughness of the ground samples was measured and microscopic studies of the ground glass surfaces were performed. The column effect method and plotting method were applied to analyze and interpret the experimental results. The results showed that the average surface roughness heights of ground glass were improved by 5-36% and 42-52%, respectively, when an improved coolant system and dressing device were employed. The average surface roughness heights decreased by 52-58% and 30-37%, when smaller grit sizes and a resin-bond grinding wheel rather than a metal-bond grinding wheel were used, respectively. In addition, the surface roughness averages decreased by 18-23% and 13-18% when a smaller table-feed rate was used and truing of grinding wheels was performed, respectively. Moreover, compared with the surface roughness heights of the sample that was ground using the existing coolant system and manual dressing method, the surface roughness heights of the sample ground using both the improved coolant system and device-dressing method were improved by 46-70%, because of the positive interaction of these two factors.