心理护理干预对无痛分娩患者的态度和行为的影响

目的 探讨心理护理干预对无痛分娩患者的态度和行为的影响.方法 选取无痛分娩患者98例,随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组50例,对照组48例,对照组实施常规护理,观察组在此基础上加全程心理护理干预,采用产后抑郁自评量表(SDS),焦虑自评量表(SAS),测评2组患者入院时、心理护理干预后的相关指标,对2组患者负性情绪、治疗依从性以及干预前后态度行为进行比较.结果 观察组患者的焦虑、抑郁评分明显低于时照组(p<0.05);干预后惠者治疗依从性明显提高(p<0.05);干预后态度行为明显改善(p<0.05),具有统计学意义.结论 对实施无痛分娩患者给予心理护理干预,可以改善患者的焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪,增加其治疗依从性,有助于促进患者的身心健康.     

心理干预在ICU机械通气患者中的运用研究

目的:探讨心理干预对ICU病房机械通气患者的疗效.方法:对我院收治的109例接受机械通气的ICU病房患者随机分为实验组以及对照组,对实验组患者采用护理干预,对照组患者采用常规护理,并对两组患者采用SDS以及SAS对患者焦虑情况以及患者的治疗效果进行评价.结果:实验组患者SDS以及SAS评分均优于对照组(p＜0.05).实验组患者的治疗效果明显优于对照组(p＜0.05).结论:对接受机械通气的ICU病房患者实施心理干预可有效提高患者预后,降低患者负面情绪的发生     

心理护理干预对突发意外损伤患者的影响

目的 探讨心理护理干预对突发意外损伤患者的影响.方法 将164例突发意外损伤患者随机分为观察组和对照组各82例,对照组接受常规治疗和护理,观察组在此基础上实施为期1个月包括支持性心理护理、认知行为治疗、放松疗法和家属辅助心理疏导在内的综合心理护理干预.比较2组患者干预前后抑郁焦虑评分、生活质量评分.结果 2组患者干预后的抑郁焦虑评分明显下降(p<0.01),且观察组的抑郁焦虑评分、生理领域、心理领域和社会关系因子评分的改善明显优于对照组(p<0.05),差异有统计学意义.结论 心理护理干预可改善突发意外损伤患者的负性情绪和躯体功能状态,并可提高其生活质量.     

心理干预对胃镜检查者的影响

目的 探讨胃镜检查过程中心理干预对胃镜检查者的影响.方法 将100例胃镜检查者随机分成对照组和试验组,每组各50例.对照组采用常规护理模式,试验组采用综合心理护理模式,比较2组患者的心率、呼吸、血压情况及焦虑、恐惧、紧张等负面情绪和一次插管成功率.结果 试验组的心率、呼吸、血压及焦虑、恐惧、紧张等负面情绪明显低于对照组,而一次镜检成功率明显高于对照组(p(0.05).结论 综合心理护理干预能明显改善患者负性情绪,使生命体征平稳,提高一次镜检成功率.     

晚期肿瘤患者的心理干预

目的:探讨晚期肿瘤患者的心理状况及心理干预对患者的影响.方法:通过心理问卷和临床观察,将60例晚期肿瘤患者随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组给予临床治疗和心理干预,对照组仅给予临床治疗,对两组前后进行心理计分评估.结果:观察组患者心理情绪状态明显优于对照组(P<0.05).结论:心理干预能有效改善晚期肿瘤患者的心理情绪状态,从而提高生活质量.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期无创通气治疗依从性的护理干预

目的 探讨护理干预对提高慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期无创通气治疗依从性的影响.方法 将80例进行无创通气治疗的COPD急性加重期患者,随机分为对照组和实验组,对照组按传统护理模式给予健康教育及对症护理,实验组由无创通气治疗专职护理小组进行系统化整体护理,比较2组患者的治疗依从性.结果 实验组治疗依从性明显高于对照组(p＜0.01).结论 成立无创通气治疗小组,进行系统化整体护理干预可以提高患者的治疗依从性,从而提高治疗效果.     

腰椎间盘突出症患者术后的心理干预

目的 探讨心理干预对腰椎间盘突出症患者术后疗效的影响.方法 将62例腰椎间盘突出症行手术治疗的患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组31例.实验组采用常规护理及心理干预的护理干预措施,对照组仅采用常规护理,在护理、治疗、饮食及锻炼等方面不做统一要求.结果 实验组通过心理干预对疾病知识掌握,遵医行为,满意度,治疗效果均高于对照组.结论 心理干预措施可明显缓解腰椎间盘突出症患者术后的焦虑、抑郁症状,提高了患者对疾病的认知程度,降低并发症的发生率,提高了患者生活质量.     

中老年癌症患者抑郁情绪相关危险因素的调查分析

目的 了解中老年癌症患者抑郁情绪发生率及相关危险因素,为早期实施针对性心理干预提供临床依据.方法 183例中老年癌症患者进行老年抑郁量表简本(the geriatric depression scale-short form,GDS-SF)与社会人口学特征等定式问卷调查后,采用χ<'2>检验、Logistic回归分析对抑郁情绪相关危险因素进行统计学分析.结果 癌症患者抑郁发生率为26.2%,GDS-SF平均评分是(3.23～2.82).抑郁情绪发生的独立相关危险因素包括年龄(χ<'2>=14.5,p<0.001)、经济收入(χ<'2>=9.16,p=0.01)、家庭对患者的支持情况(χ<'2>5.02,p=0.02)、疾病本身或治疗引起的诸多不良症状(χ<'2>=26.46,p<0.001).结论 中老年癌症患者抑郁发生率高,应当根据抑郁症发生的社会人口学因素,早期实施有针对性的心理干预措施,有效地缓解患者的负性情绪,减少抑郁症的发生,提高患者生活质量.     

心理护理干预对脑瘫患儿母亲焦虑情绪的影响

目的 探讨采用心理护理干预措施对脑瘫患儿母亲焦虑情绪的影响.方法将100例脑瘫患儿母亲随机分为干预组与对照组,干预组60例,对照组40例,干预组进行了一定的心理干预,包括认知治疗、心理疏导、集体心理支持治疗及音乐治疗等,并应用焦虑自评量表(Self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)对2组脑瘫患儿母亲分别在患儿开始进行治疗时、治疗3个月后进行评估,并进行对比分析.结果治疗前2组患儿母亲的焦虑情绪无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗3个月后干预组与对照组患儿母亲的焦虑情绪有明显差异(P<0.05).结论通过对脑瘫患儿母亲进行心理护理干预能有效缓解患儿母亲的焦虑情绪.     

护理干预对围手术期mini-PCNL病人焦虑情绪的影响

目的 探讨心理护理干预对微创经皮肾镜取石术(mini-PCNL)病人焦虑情绪的效果.方法 将82例行微创经皮肾镜碎石取石手术的病人随机分为实验组(常规护理加心理护理)和对照组(常规护理),各41例.采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)对病人术前和术后第1天进行焦虑状态的评定.结果 实验组患者经护理干预后其术前术后的焦虑状态缓解程度明显高于对照组(P<0.01),差异有统计学意义.结论 实施护理干预可以显著改善mini-PCNL病人的焦虑状态,减少并发症的发生.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.