制备条件对非晶态Fe78B13Si9合金的热膨胀各向异性的影响

本文研究了不同条件下形成的非易态Fe_(78)B_(13)Si_9合金在长轴和短轴方向上的热膨胀。结果表明,在所有条件下均存在热膨胀的各向异性。热膨胀系数随着冷却速度的增加而增加,但其各向异性减小;随着熔体喷铸温度的提高两者均减小。在热循环的作用下,短轴方向的热膨胀系数及其各向异性均减小;而在长轴方向的热膨胀系数却增大。我们认为热膨胀各向异性来源于原子交互作用力的方向性、原子振动频率和短程有序结构或缺陷的方向性。     

Ti70合金板的组织与力学性能的各向异性

通过拉伸及低温冲击试验、光学显微镜、扫描电镜及X射线衍射仪,对Ti70合金板的组织与力学性能的各向异性进行了研究。结果表明,Ti70合金板热轧及退火后组织未出现明显差异,退火过程中主要以回复为主,但在高密度位错的剪切带上出现了一定数量的再结晶晶粒。退火态Ti70合金板横向屈服强度及低温冲击吸收能量都高于纵向,但抗拉强度低于纵向,表现出了明显的各向异性。退火后Ti70合金板形成了较强的{0002}基面织构,其晶面法向向RD方向(纵向)偏转±30°,向TD(横向)方向偏转±41°。由于基面织构更向RD方向集中,因此造成了Ti70合金板力学性能的各向异性。     

激光熔化沉积TC2钛合金显微组织及力学性能

采用激光熔化沉积直接成形技术制备了TC2钛合金中空薄壁盒,通过光学显微镜和X射线衍射仪分别分析了显微组织和相组成,并测试了室温拉伸性能.结果表明,激光熔化沉积TC2钛合金具有细小的网篮组织和优异的室温拉伸性能,但其塑性存在明显的各向异性,纵向伸长率较横向提高约42.5%.     

Induced magnetic anisotropy and structure of nanocrystalline Fe-Co-Cu-Nb-Si-B alloys with different content of Co: I. Stress-annealing-induced magnetic anisotropy and its thermal stability

It is shown that the substitution of Co for Fe in the amorphous Fe_73.5Cu₁Nb₃Si_13.5B₉ alloy leads to the change in the type of magnetic anisotropy induced in the alloy as a result of a thermomechanical treatment at 520°C. The type of the induced magnetic anisotropy determines the functional characteristics of these alloys as soft magnetic materials. With the content of Co in the alloy equal to 10 at % Co, there is induced a magnetic anisotropy with the direction of the easy axis across the ribbon axis (transverse induced magnetic anisotropy), just as in the alloy without Co. Upon the introduction of 20–30 at % Co into the alloy, the induced magnetic anisotropy becomes longitudinal, with the easy-axis direction along the ribbon axis. The thermal stability of the magnetic properties of the alloys with induced magnetic anisotropy has been investigated.     

热暴露对SiCf/Ti-6Al-4V复合材料热膨胀行为的影响

研究了热暴露对SiCf/Ti-6Al-4V复合材料热膨胀行为的影响。对基体合金、制备态复合材料、经900 ℃热暴露10, 25及75 h的复合材料的热膨胀行为进行了实验测量。结果表明,无论纵向和横向,热暴露的复合材料其热膨胀系数均高于制备态复合材料。且无论纵向和横向,经900 ℃热暴露10和75 h的复合材料热膨胀系数均高于经900 ℃热暴露25 h的复合材料。这是因为经900 ℃热暴露25 h的复合材料拥有较为合适的界面反应。另外,在对复合材料纵向热膨胀系数进行预测时,因为Schapery模型在整个加热过程中都考虑了热拉伸残余应力对复合材料热膨胀系数的影响,因此在CTE曲线的高温阶段,预测值低于实验值     

高应变速率下AZ31镁合金的各向异性及拉压不对称性

采用分离式霍普金森拉杆及压杆装置,研究挤压态AZ31镁合金高速变形下的各向异性及拉压不对称性,并从微观变形机制的角度探讨具有强烈初始基面织构的挤压态镁合金各向异性及拉压不对称性产生的原因。结果表明:在高速变形条件下,依据加载方向及应力状态挤压态AZ31镁合金的拉伸行为表现出很强的各向异性,但压缩行为的各向异性不明显;在挤压方向表现出很强的拉压不对称性,而在垂直于挤压方向的拉压不对称性很低。挤压态AZ31镁合金宏观上的各向异性及拉压不对称性是由于不同的微观变形机制所引起的。沿挤压方向拉伸的主要变形机制为柱面滑移,沿垂直于挤压方向拉伸及压缩的主要变形机制为锥面滑移;沿挤压方向压缩时初始变形机制为拉伸孪晶,当变形量为0.08(8%)左右时由于孪晶消耗殆尽,变形变而以滑移的方式进行。     

快淬Fe_(85)Ga_(15)合金的显微组织和磁致伸缩性能

采用熔体快淬方法制备了不同辊速(v=12m/s、15m/s、20m/s)条件下的Fe_(85)Ga_(15)合金薄带样品,对薄带样品的组织结构和磁致伸缩性能进行了研究.结果表明,合金薄带的组织结构和磁致伸缩性能与快淬时的冷却速度密切相关,v=20m/s辊速条件下制备的薄带在磁场为45kA/m时,其磁致伸缩系数λ达-125×10~6,伸缩曲线尚未完全饱和.对薄带组织形貌的观察表明,薄带样品内晶粒沿薄带厚度方向呈现出取向性排列.XRD分析表明,辊速的提高可以抑制有序DO_3相的析出,α-Fe相和非对称DO_3结构的Fe_3Ga相衍射峰发生重叠并有劈裂现象.TEM分析表明,合金基体中存在着富Ga原子团簇.薄带样品大的磁致伸缩系数主要来源于样品强的形状各向异性和非平衡制备条件下合金内部的特殊晶体结构.     

AgCu28合金的织构组织与力学性能

用X射线衍射法研究AgCu28合金的轧制变形织构组织和退火织构组织,对它们的延伸率和抗拉强度进行测试。结果表明,当AgCu28合金轧制变形量为95%时,Ag和Cu的主要变形织构是{110}112Brass织构;在H2气氛下经650℃,1.5h退火后,AgCu28的退火织构与变形织构相同;加工态AgCu28合金沿横向(TD)和轧制方向(RD)的抗拉强度分别为750和680MPa,退火态AgCu28合金沿TD和RD的抗拉强度分别是374和327MPa;退火态沿TD和RD的延伸率都约为12%。这表明在两元共晶合金中两相晶粒相互影响导致它们的变形织构与退火织构一致、晶粒显著细化、再结晶温度明显提高、抗拉强度显著提高并存在各向异性。     

Influence of Cell Shape Anisotropy on the Compressive Property of Closed-Cell Al-Si Alloy Foam

Closed-cell Al-Si alloy foams have been prepared by melt route. The cell shape anisotropy ratio of Al-Si alloy foams specimens in relative density range of 0.11-0.39 were measured. The quasi-static compressive tests show that Al-Si alloy foams have higher plastic collapse stress in the longitudinal direction (LD) than in the transverse direction (TD). The plastic collapse stress ratio increases with cell shape anisotropy ratio, which is basically in agreement with Gibson and Ashby model. Moreover, energy absorption capacity of Al-Si alloy foams was investigated. The results show that the energy absorption capacity in the LD is higher than that in the TD.     

Tailoring the Texture and Mechanical Anisotropy of Multi-cross Rolled Mg-Zn-Gd Alloy by Annealing

The unidirectional rolled Mg-Zn-Gd sheet usually exhibited non-basal texture with two peaks whose tilting angle were about 42° from normal direction to transverse direction (TD), which would cause the mechanical anisotropy. In this study, multi-cross rolling followed by annealing was used to tailor the texture and mechanical anisotropy for Mg-Zn-Gd alloy. With increasing annealing temperature, the rolled basal texture with two peaks gradually transformed into the circle texture with multi-peaks. In order to figure out different texture components evolution during annealing, the basal texture, R-texture and T-texture component were defined and studied. The results showed that the change of R-texture and T-texture component was asynchronous with increasing annealing temperature from 250 to 400 °C. The tilting angle of R-texture component increased slightly, while the tilting angle of T-texture component increased obviously, and this phenomenon was attributed to the preferential nucleation at grain nucleation stage rather than preferential grain growth. The yield strength along TD was more sensitive to annealing temperature compared with that along rolling direction (RD), resulting in different descending slopes and yield strength anisotropy with increasing annealing temperature. Annealing at 300 °C was the best annealing temperature due to low yield strength anisotropy, moderate strength and good elongation among these annealing temperatures. The Schmid factor for basal slip indicated that the activity of basal slip along RD increased slightly, while that along TD increased obviously with increasing annealing temperature from 250 to 400 °C, which should be caused by the asynchronous change of R-texture component and T-texture component, consequently resulting in the transformation from isotropic yield strength to anisotropic yield strength.     

Fe55Ni2Cr12Mo10Y2B6C13块体非晶合金的热膨胀行为

本文采用铜模吸铸法制备直径为4mm的块体非晶合金Fe55 Ni2 Cr12 M010 Yo12 B6 C13,对非晶合金在298K-1073K温度区间的热膨胀行为进行了分析.非晶合金的膨胀系数在室温至接近玻璃转化温度区间没有发生明显的变化;当温度超过Tg后,由玻璃态进人过冷液相区,粘度急剧增加,膨胀系数增高;在T>Tg...     

Structural anisotropy of amorphous alloys with creep-induced magnetic anisotropy

Amorphous ribbons of different composition were annealed under tensile stress. This yielded a creep-induced magnetic anisotropy with an easy magnetic plane perpendicular to, or an easy axis parallel to, the ribbon direction, depending on the alloy composition. X-ray diffraction experiments and simple thermal expansion measurements show that the stress-annealed samples reveal a structural anisotropy which is released by post-annealing as a residual strain. This strain increases with the annealing stress and is therefore correlated with the induced magnetic anisotropy. The origin of this frozen-in strain is discussed in terms of structural heterogeneity in the strength of local atomic bonds. It is suggested that the induced magnetic anisotropy is related to the local magneto-elastic coupling in regions with strong bonding forces.     

Effect of cold rolling on properties and microstructures of dispersion strengthened copper alloys

Mechanical properties and microstructures of unidirectionally and tandem rolled alumina dispersion strengthened copper（ADSC） alloys under different conditions were investigated by tensile test, optical microscopy（OM）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. For unidirectionally rolled ADSC alloys, their strengths and elongations in the longitudinal direction are higher than those in the transverse direction under both cold rolling and annealing conditions. Once fracture appears in their longitudinal stress--strain curves, sudden reduction of overall stress level before complete fracture can be observed in the transverse tensile curves. The anisotropy of mechanical properties for the ADSC alloy can be greatly improved by tandem cold rolling. And no sudden reduction of overall stress level appears in the stress--strain curves for tandem rolled ADSC alloys. The differences of their microstructures and tensile fractures were analyzed. In order to compare the differences of tensile fracture mechanism in different directions, longitudinal and transverse fracture models for unidirectionally rolled ADSC alloys were also introduced.     

A STUDY ON MICRO-PLASTIC DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF 2024 A1 ALLOY

1.~hon2024Alalloyusedincomponentsofaprecisiondeviceishighlyrearredfordimensionalstability.althoughdimensionalstabilityhadbeenstudiedinseverallit.rat~.[l--3),therelationshipsbetweenndcrostructureanddimensionalstabilitypropertiesandAnsotmpofmicro--plasticdeformationresistanceforhotextruded2024Alalloybarwerenotinvestigatedindetails.SOInanyengineeringproblemsPertinentto2024hialloyremaininsuspense.Additionallytheconventionalevaluationfordimensionalstabilityinunloadingconditionisobtainedbyend--len…     

Fe78B13Si9纳米晶合金的热性能研究

采用适当的热处理工艺将相同成分的Fe_(78)B_(13)Si_9非晶态合金条带晶化制备成纳米晶合金;测定并研究了纳米晶合金的微观结构(晶体结构及尺寸)和一些结构敏感性能(热膨胀、比热),同时,将其与同样成分的非晶态、大晶粒状态合金的性能进行比较分析,认为由于纳米晶合金特殊的微观结构(短程无序),使其在性能上表现出与通常材料有很大差异。     

铝合金平板搅拌摩擦焊接应力变形分析

针对6056-T6铝合金平板进行搅拌摩擦焊接和试板变形检测试验.并用数值方法对试板变形进行模拟,考察了模拟温度、应力场分布和试板变形情况,对试验和模拟温度、变形进行比较.结果表明,在文中条件下,沿焊缝长度方向试板产生下挠,最大变形量6.3 mm;沿试板宽度方向试板相对发生上拱,最大变形量4.5 mm,模拟与实测变形趋势非常吻合.纵向残余应力在焊缝中心线两侧非对称性分布,前进侧大于回转侧.     

热轧TB2钛合金织构多晶板动态压缩性能的各向异性

利用Instron 电子拉伸机和分离式霍普金生压杠(SHPB)实验装置, 研究了准静态和动态压缩条件下热轧TB2钛合金织构多晶板的力学性能。对TB2钛合金板材的轧向、横向以及轧制平面内与轧向成45°等3个方向进行了压缩实验, 得到了不同应变速率下的应力-应变曲线。结果表明：热轧TB2钛合金板材不同方向上的流变应力均随应变速率的增加而增加, 表现出明显的应变速率强化效应。准静态和动态力学性能均表现出各向异性, 且准静态和动态压缩行为规律不一致。考虑准静态和动态变形时可能的塑性变形机制, 基于微观晶体塑性变形理论, 定性讨论了热轧织构多晶TB2钛合金板屈服强度的各向异性     

热循环对Ti-6Al-4V合金显微组织与疲劳性能的影响

对Ti-6Al-4V轧制板材依次进行了920_oC, 800_oC, 850_oC, 900_oC四次热循环,研究了材料在每次热循环后的显微组织及微观织构的演变,并对热循环前后的拉伸和旋转弯曲疲劳性能进行了比较。结果表明,原材料中存在的长条a相发生再结晶后趋于等轴化,其组织不均匀性在920_oC,800_oC两次热循环后得到根本性改善,再经历850_oC, 900_oC两次热循环后,初生a相进一步等轴化并稍有长大,其体积分数维持稳定。原材料具有较强的横向织构,有多个平行于轧制方向的宏观带存在,导致了轧向的疲劳性能优于横向,中值疲劳极限分别为497MPa/474MPa。热循环后横向织构强度有所减弱,并且出现了一定程度的(0001)基面织构。经历4次热循环后,材料的显微组织发生粗化,拉伸强度降低了约20MPa,轧向/横向的中值疲劳极限下降至441MPa/441MPa。     

轧制态6082-T6铝合金的热压缩力学行为及微观组织分析

采用热模拟试验机对轧制态6082-T6铝合金进行热压缩试验,分析了合金在变形温度100~400 ℃,应变速率0.01 s^-1条件下的流变应力,对不同温度热变形的微观组织进行了表征。结果表明,轧制态6082铝合金的力学性能受变形温度和轧制方向的影响。变形过程中应力呈现负的温度敏感性,即随着变形温度升高,应力不断下降。合金表现出明显的力学性能各向异性,压缩强度在与轧制方向呈0°和90°较高,45°方向强度较低。经过热压缩变形后,与轧向呈不同方向的6082-T6铝合金的晶粒组织均沿着剪切力方向发生扭曲,同时,变形温度对晶粒组织的演变影响不大。随着变形温度的升高,合金基体内的位错密度明显下降,析出相发生粗化。     

纵磁退火处理和张应力对1K101非晶合金薄带磁化特性及损耗的影响

研究了纵磁退火处理和张应力对1K101非晶合金薄带磁化特性以及损耗的影响,并采用Kerr方法观测了合金的磁畴形貌。结果表明,张应力驱动淬火态1K101合金感生出宏观单轴各向异性,使带材沿应力方向趋向于易磁化,且铁损下降,这与经纵磁退火处理后的带材磁化特征高度相似。通过磁畴观测发现,在张应力作用下,淬火态非晶合金中迷宫样窄小畴的磁畴壁沿应力方向呈Z字形排列,说明沿应力方向磁化时需消耗的外磁场能减少,这对带材软磁性能的优化起到了关键作用。