Improved artificial bee colony algorithm considering harvest season for computing economic dispatch on power system

This paper proposes the harvest season artificial bee colony (HSABC) algorithm, a novel improvement of the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm, for computing an economic dispatch solution of a power system based on fuel consumption and the produced emissions. A standard model of the power system, the IEEE‐62 bus system, is used to show the performance of HSABC using equality and inequality constraints to determine the optimal solution for the economic operation of the power system. Simulations involving the proposed algorithm show that HSABC has better ability to determine the minimum values for the operating cost problem with faster convergence and shorter running time when compared to the traditional ABC algorithm. © 2014 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

基于人工蜂群算法的多目标最优潮流问题的研究

以污染气体排放量、网损最小为目标,建立多目标电力系统最优潮流数学模型,并提出一种基于人工蜂群的多目标算法对其进行求解。该算法利用外部存档技术来保存进化过程中已经找到的Pareto最优解,并在每次迭代后更新。最后根据模糊集理论从Pareto最优解集中选取最优折衷解,为决策者提供科学的决策依据。通过IEEE-30节点系统及IEEE-57节点系统的仿真,验证了该算法在求解大规模电力系统多目标问题上的有效性,相比其他多目标算法能有效避免局部收敛。     

An adaptive chaotic artificial bee colony algorithm for short-term hydrothermal generation scheduling

Short-term hydrothermal scheduling (SHS) is a complicated nonlinear optimization problem with a set of constraints, which plays an important role in power system operations. In this paper, we propose to use an adaptive chaotic artificial bee colony (ACABC) algorithm to solve the SHS problem. In the proposed method, chaotic search is applied to help the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm to escape from a local optimum effectively. Furthermore, an adaptive coordinating mechanism of modification rate in employed bee phase is introduced to increase the ability of the algorithm to avoid premature convergence. Moreover, a new constraint handling method is combined with the ABC algorithm in order to solve the equality coupling constraints. We used a hydrothermal test system to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The numerical results obtained by ACABC are compared with those obtained by the adaptive ABC algorithm (AABC), the chaotic ABC algorithm (CABC) and other methods mentioned in literature. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method outperforms those established optimization algorithms.     

Determination of optimal output power and location for multiple distributed generation sources simultaneously by using artificial bee colony

Transformation of a distribution network into an intelligent and efficient system meets with many difficulties. One of most important challenges for engineers is to achieve a more economical distribution network. In addition, fluctuation in the price of oil and gas makes this task more complex. Therefore, the introduction of distributed generation (DG) in the system promises to be a good solution to reduce the dependency on oil and gas sources. However, the location and output power of DG are still an issue that needs to be solved by the utility. In previous studies, determination of DG output power and DG location are executed separately, which means a different technique is applied to each of them. Thus, it will lead the solution getting trapped in a local minimum because the calculation of optimal DG output power does not depend on the optimal DG location. This paper presents a solution to determine the location and output power of DGs simultaneously by using simultaneous artificial bee colony (SABC) to reduce the total power losses. The performance of SABC is compared with that of separate analysis, which is a combination of a single DG placement algorithm and artificial bee colony (ABC). The analysis shows that determining simultaneously the DG's location and the output gives lower total power losses and better voltage profile compared to separately analyzing the two. © 2014 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Optimal power flow solution of power system incorporating stochastic wind power using Gbest guided artificial bee colony algorithm

This paper focuses primarily on implementation of optimal power flow (OPF) problem considering wind power. The stochastic nature of wind speed is modeled using two parameter Weibull probability density function. The economic aspect is examined in view of the system wide social cost, which includes additional costs like expected penalty cost and expected reserves cost to account for wind power generation imbalance. The optimization problem is solved using Gbest guided artificial bee colony optimization algorithm (GABC) and tested on IEEE 30 bus system. The simulation results obtained using proposed method are compared with other methods available in the literature for a case of conventional OPF as well as OPF incorporating stochastic wind. Subsequently an extensive simulation study is conducted to investigate the effect of wind power and different cost components on optimal dispatch and emission. Numerical simulations indicate that the operation cost of system and emission depends upon the transmission system bottlenecks and the intermittency of wind power generation.     

基于量子蚁群优化算法的梯级水电系统经济调度

将量子计算理论引入到蚁群优化算法中,形成量子蚁群优化算法(QACOA),用于梯级水电系统经济调度研究中,以系统在调度期内实发电能和储蓄电能最大为准则构造优化目标函数。QACOA融入了量子计算理论的叠加态和概率表达特性,以量子态为基本信息单元,将量子比特的概率幅用于蚂蚁位置的编码,利用量子旋转门实现蚁群位置的更新,达到了比常规蚁群优化算法更好的优化效果。运用QACOA对梯级水电系统经济调度进行仿真,结果表明QACOA使调度期内实发电能和储蓄电能得到了明显提高。     

Thermal unit commitment using binary/real coded artificial bee colony algorithm

This paper presents a binary/real coded artificial bee colony (BRABC) algorithm to solve the thermal unit commitment problem (UCP). A novel binary coded ABC with repair strategies is used to obtain a feasible commitment schedule for each generating unit, satisfying spinning reserve and minimum up/down time constraints. Economic dispatch is carried out using real coded ABC for the feasible commitment obtained in each interval. In addition, non-linearities like valve-point effect, prohibited operating zones and multiple fuel options are included in the fuel cost functions. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm has been tested on a standard ten-unit system, on IEEE 118-bus test system and IEEE RTS 24 bus system. Results obtained show that the proposed binary ABC is efficient in generating feasible schedules.     

基于蜂群算法的低压电力线高频RLCG 模型参数辨识

电力线是通用的电力网络间的连接载体,同时也是传导电磁干扰和载波通信信号的主要传播介质.建立准确的电力线电参数模型是研究传导电磁干扰和载波信号传输特性的基础.采用一种考虑集肤效应和介质损耗的高频信号传输的RLCG模型对普通的三线低压电力线进行建模,并利用人工蜂群算法对模型参数进行辨识,该模型考虑了高频条件下电力线的趋肤效应以及电介损耗对信号传输特性的影响.利用网络分析仪测量实际电力线的阻抗特性作为标准数据,与传统的基于遗传算法的辨识方法的仿真结果进行对比,证明了所提出的电力线高频RLCG模型可以准确地反映电力线的高频传输特性,为低压电力线载波通信和电磁兼容分析奠定基础.     

基于差分进化人工蜂群算法的光伏最大功率跟踪策略研究

带有旁路二极管的光伏阵列在局部阴影时其P-U特性曲线会出现多个极值点,此时常规MPPT方法在多峰值寻优时可能会失效。对光伏阵列输出特性功率极值点的个数进行了研究,在此基础上将基于差分进化的人工蜂群算法应用于最大功率点跟踪。首先对蜜蜂的初始位置进行预定义初始化,避免遗漏极值点。将差分进化算法中的变异策略与人工蜂群算法相结合,实现时变条件下全局最大功率点跟踪控制。并且在上述算法中加入迭代终止策略,从而有效避免系统稳态时的功率振荡现象。在Matlab中搭建S-Function仿真模型,验证了该算法的有效性。     

基于改进人工蜂群算法的配电网多点故障应急抢修优化调度

为提高配电网故障应急抢修调度在电网应急管理的辅助决策作用,建立了综合考虑抢修资源分配、多小组协作、抢修顺序的配电网多点故障应急抢修优化模型。引入多种群协同进化机制对传统人工蜂群算法进行改进,通过多蜂群智能体增强算法解决高维度复杂优化问题的能力。结合改进人工蜂群算法提出了应急抢修优化模型的统一调度方法。PGE69节点算例仿真研究表明,所提方法可在配电网发生多处故障后快速给出应急抢修预案,减少了停电经济损失。     

Generation scheduling in smart grid environment using global best artificial bee colony algorithm

Generation scheduling is an important concern of the current power system which is suffering from many obstacles of limited generation resources, grown energy demand and fuel price, inconsistent load demand and fluctuations of available wind power in case of the thermal–wind system. Smart grid system has a great potential of tumbling existing power system difficulties with intelligent infrastructure and computation technologies. Three different distributed energy resources, namely, distributed generation, demand response and gridable vehicles are used in this paper to overcome the power system hitches. The classical generation scheduling is solved with insertion of the cost of demand response and the cost model pertaining to underestimation and overestimation of fluctuating wind power. The modified optimization problem is solved using an efficient Global best artificial bee colony algorithm for 10 generating units test system. Generation scheduling in the smart grid environment yields a significant reduction in the total cost.     

Design of beam forming network for time‐modulated linear array with artificial bees colony algorithm

A novel technique of beam shaping and beam steering at the central frequency using uniformly excited time‐modulated linear array is proposed. Unlike conventional time‐switched antenna array, the technique utilises a common complex time exponential signal with unit amplitude at the switching frequency, while each element is controlled by radio frequency switches with unique switching intervals that results on a relative amplitude weight and phase difference between the elements at the central frequency without phase shifters. Artificial bees colony based approach is applied to approximate the switching intervals that produce the desired pattern at the fundamental frequency and suppress the sideband radiation losses. The paper presents an analytical evaluation of the power radiated by the array at the central frequency and power wasted at the sidebands and thereby calculates the dynamic efficiency of the proposed array considering a mutual coupling effect. Representative examples are shown and simulated using commercial electromagnetic simulation software to justify the applicability of the derived expression. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

融合鱼群和微分进化的蚁群算法的无功优化

对于求解电力系统无功优化问题,提出了一种融合鱼群和微分进化的蚁群优化算法（FDEACO）。受人工鱼群觅食、聚群和追尾行为的启发,在基本蚁群算法的基础上,应用人工鱼群算法的追尾行为对蚁群在可行域上搜索到的解进行改进,加快了向最优解收敛的速度。在信息素更新机制里,通过引入微分进化算法的发散项,增加一个随机扰动,减小了算法陷入局部最优的可能性。在IEEE30测试系统上对新提出的算法进行校验,并与其它算法比较,证明FDEACO算法收敛速度快、全局寻优能力强。     

Low-carbon emission/economic power dispatch using the multi-objective bacterial colony chemotaxis optimization algorithm considering carbon capture power plant

To study the constrained emission/economic dispatch problem involving competing objectives in electric power systems with carbon capture system (CCS) technology, this paper proposes a multi-objective optimization approach based on bacterial colony chemotaxis (MOBCC) algorithm. In this algorithm, a Lamarckian constraint handling method based approach is improved to update the bacterial colony and the external archive. Finally, the optimization tests of the proposed algorithm are carried out in the IEEE 30-bus test system. Results demonstrate this approach has the advantage of dealing with highly non-linear and multi-objective functions of carbon capture thermal generator’s emission/economic dispatch problem.     

Modelling and control of six‐phase induction motor servo‐driven continuously variable transmission system using blend modified recurrent Gegenbauer orthogonal polynomial neural network control system and amended artificial bee colony optimization

Because the nonlinear and time‐varying characteristics of the continuously variable transmission system operated using a six‐phase copper rotor induction motor are unknown, improving the control performance of the linear control design is time‐consuming. To capture the nonlinear and dynamic behaviour of the six‐phase copper rotor induction motor servo‐driven continuously variable transmission system, a blend modified recurrent Gegenbauer orthogonal polynomial neural network (NN) control system, which has the online learning capability to return to the nonlinear time‐varying system, was developed. The blend modified recurrent Gegenbauer orthogonal polynomial NN control system can perform overseer control, modified recurrent Gegenbauer orthogonal polynomial NN control, and recompensed control. Moreover, the adaptation law of online parameters in the modified recurrent Gegenbauer orthogonal polynomial NN is based on the Lyapunov stability theorem. The use of amended artificial bee colony optimization yielded two optimal learning rates for the parameters, which helped improve convergence. Finally, comparison of the experimental results of the present study with those of previous studies demonstrated the high control performance of the proposed control scheme. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Environmental/economic power dispatch problem using multi-objective differential evolution algorithm

This paper presents a multi-objective differential evolution (MODE) algorithm for environmental/economic power dispatch (EED) problem. The EED problem is formulated as a nonlinear constrained multi-objective problem with competing and non-commensurable objectives of fuel cost, emission and system loss. The proposed MODE approach adopts an external elitist archive to retain non-dominated solutions found during the evolutionary process. In order to preserve the diversity of Pareto optimality, a crowding entropy diversity measure tactic is proposed. The crowding entropy strategy is able to measure the crowding degree of the solutions more accurately. In addition, fuzzy set theory is employed to extract the best compromise solution. Several optimization runs of the proposed approach have been carried out on the IEEE 30- and 118-bus test system. The results demonstrate the capability of the proposed MODE approach to generate well-distributed Pareto optimal non-dominated solutions of multi-objective EED problem. The comparison with reported results of other MOEAs reveals the superiority of the proposed MODE approach and confirms its potential for solving other power systems multi-objective optimization problems.     

Environmental/economic power dispatch using a fuzzified multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm

The environmental issues that arise from the pollutant emissions produced by fossil-fueled electric power plants have become a matter of concern more recently. The conventional economic power dispatch cannot meet the environmental protection requirements, since it only considers minimizing the total fuel cost. The multi-objective generation dispatch in electric power systems treats economic and emission impact as competing objectives, which requires some reasonable tradeoff among objectives to reach an optimal solution. In this paper, a fuzzified multi-objective particle swarm optimization (FMOPSO) algorithm is proposed and implemented to dispatch the electric power considering both economic and environmental issues. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by comparing its performance with other approaches including weighted aggregation (WA) and evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithms. All the simulations are conducted based on a typical test power system.     

电力系统经济负荷分配的量子粒子群算法

本文首次将量子粒子群算法用于电力系统经济负荷分配中。该算法是以粒子群中粒子的收敛特性为基础,依据量子物理理论提出的,改变了传统粒子群算法的搜索策略,可使粒子在整个可行解空间中搜索寻求全局最优解。同时该算法的进化方程中不需要速度向量,而且进化方程的形式更简单,参数较少且容易控制。对两个算例进行仿真测试,证实该算法可有效解决经济负荷分配问题;性能对比显示,该算法求得的解优于已有的改进粒子群算法及其它优化算法所求得的解。本文为量子粒子群算法用于经济负荷分配的实用化研究奠定了必要的理论基础。     

A security constrained environmental/economic power dispatch technique using F-MSG algorithm for a power system area including limited energy supply thermal units

A security constrained non-convex environmental/economic power dispatch problem for a lossy electric power system area including limited energy supply thermal units is formulated. An iterative solution method based on modified subgradient algorithm operating on feasible values (F-MSG) and a common pseudo scaling factor for limited energy supply thermal units are used to solve it. In the proposed solution method, the F-MSG algorithm is used to solve the dispatch problem of each subinterval, while the common pseudo scaling factor is employed to adjust the amount of fuel spent by the limited energy supply thermal units during the considered operation period. We assume that limited energy supply thermal units are fueled under take-or-pay (T-O-P) agreement.The proposed dispatch technique is demonstrated on IEEE 30-bus power system with six thermal generating units having non-convex cost rate functions. Two of the generating units are selected as gas-fired limited energy supply thermal units. Pareto optimal solutions for the power system, where the constraint on the amount of fuel consumed by the limited energy supply thermal units is not considered, are calculated first. Later on, the same Pareto optimal solutions for the power system, where the fuel constraint is considered, are recalculated, and the obtained savings in the sum of optimal total fuel cost and total emission cost are presented. The dispatch problem of the first subinterval of the test system was solved previously by means of differential evolution (DE), and a hybrid method based on combination of DE and biogeography based optimization (BBO) for the best cost and the best emission cases in the literature. The results produced by these methods are compared with those of produced by the proposed method in terms of their total cost rate, emission rate and solution time values. It is demonstrated that the proposed method outperforms against the evolutionary methods mentioned in the above in terms of solution time values especially when the exact model of the test system is considered.     

基于EMD和ABC-SVM的光伏并网系统输出功率预测研究

针对光伏发电系统的输出功率具有非平稳性和随机性的特点,提出一种基于经验模态分解(EMD)和人工蜂群算法(ABC)优化支持向量机(SVM)的光伏并网系统输出功率预测模型。首先根据预测日的天气预报数据,构建相似日的15 min输出功率时间序列。然后,将输出功率时间序列进行经验模态分解,得到不同尺度下的固有模态分量IMFn和趋势分量Res,针对每个IMF分量和趋势分量分别建立相应的支持向量机预测模型,并对SVM模型参数进行人工蜂群算法寻优预处理。最后,将每个模型预测的结果进行合成重构,得到光伏并网系统输出功率的预测值。通过实际数据测试表明:基于EMD和ABC-SVM的功率预测模型同单一SVM预测模型及未经优化的EMD-SVM预测模型相比,具有更快的运算速度和更高的预测精度。