花生壳中木犀草素的LC-MS测定方法建立

目的:建立简单、快速、灵敏的测定花生壳中木犀草素含量的的液相色谱-单级质谱联用(LC-MS)方法。方法:采用Kromasil C18(4.6mm×50mm,5μm)色谱柱;流动相:甲醇-0.2%甲酸(体积比50∶50);流速为0.35m L·min-1;柱温为室温;质谱条件:电喷雾离子源(ESI),选择性离子检测(SIM),正离子模式。结果:木犀草素在50~2000ng·m L-1浓度范围内,线性关系良好(r2=0.9958);方法的精密度、重现性和稳定性良好;平均回收率为97.70%。采用该方法测定的花生壳中木犀草素的平均含量为0.21%。结论:该法专属性强、快速、灵敏,可用于花生壳中木犀草素的含量测定。     

HPLC法测定抗结核新药CZYS03-04的有关物质和含量

采用Thermo BDS HYPERSIL C18(250×4.6 mm,5.0μm)色谱柱,流动相A为30 m M磷酸二氢钾溶液(p H值6.8),流动相B为乙腈∶甲醇=50∶50,流速1.0 m L·min-1,检测波长为220 nm,柱温40℃。建立了测定抗结核新药CZYS03-04的含量和有关物质的高效液相色谱方法。主成分及其有关物质分离良好,主成分检测浓度线性范围为0.2838μg·mL~(-1)~425.6469μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.999 9),检测限为0.02 ng(0.001μg·mL~(-1)),定量限为0.08 ng(0.004μg·mL~(-1))。重复性RSD=3.4%(n=6),中间精密度RSD=7.8%(n=9)。样品溶液在24 h内稳定。     

截短侧耳素甲磺酸酯的合成

以截短侧耳素和甲磺酰氯为主要原料,以二氯甲烷为溶剂,合成截短侧耳素甲磺酸酯。最佳工艺条件为:n(截短侧耳素)∶n(甲磺酰氯):n(三乙胺)=1∶1.1∶1,反应温度为-10℃,反应时间为2.5 h。     

HPLC法测定福司氟康唑含量及有关物质

采用ODS色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),以0.01mol·L^-1的Na H2PO4(pH值为5.5)-乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为1.0m L·min-^-1,柱温40℃,检测波长210nm。福司氟康唑与其中间体二苄酯及起始物料氟康唑均能得到较好的分离。福司氟康唑的定量限为53.93ng·m L^-1,检测限为16.18ng·m L^-1;浓度在0.05～1556.28μg·m L^-1,与峰面积线性良好,r=0.9999;平均回收率为99.28%。氟康唑的定量限为14.49ng·m L^-1,检测限为4.35ng·m L^-1;浓度在0.02～20.70μg·m L^-1与峰面积线性良好,r=0.9998;平均回收率为97.03%。二苄酯的定量限为43.47ng·m L^-1,检测限为13.04ng·m L^-1;浓度在0.04～21.74μg·m L^-1     

HPLC-RID法测定门冬氨酸洛美沙星葡萄糖注射液中葡萄糖

目的建立门冬氨酸洛美沙星葡萄糖注射液中葡萄糖含量的高效液相色谱-示差折光检测法(HPLC-RID)。方法采用高效液相-示差折光检测法(HPLC-RID),色谱柱:Carbomix H-NP 10:8%(7.8mm×300mm,10μm),以水为流动相,流速:0.5mL·min~(-1),示差折光检测器检测池温度50℃,柱温55℃,进样量10μL。结果葡萄糖在5～250μg的线性范围内,回归方程为y=16810.99749x+3021.25310,r~2=0.9999。方法的检出限为15ng,检出限为45ng。回收率为98.4%～100.0%(RSD=0.5%,n=6)。结论本方法操作简单方便、结果准确可靠,适用于测定门冬氨酸洛美沙星葡萄糖注射液中葡萄糖的含量。     

HPLC测双氯芬酸钾干混悬剂的含量

建立了高效液相色谱法测定双氯芬酸钾干混悬剂含量的测定方法。色谱柱为Kromasil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,2.5μm),流动相:甲醇-水-冰醋酸(80∶20∶0.8,V∶V∶V),检测波长为276 nm,流速为1.0 m L·min-1,进样量为20μL。结果表明:y=40999x+119667(r=0.9995,n=7)线性范围为4.0~6.0μg·m L-1;最低检测限为1.66 ng,定量限为5.56 ng;平均回收率为99.57%。该方法简便、准确、适用于双氯芬酸钾干混悬剂的含量测定。     

UPLC-MS/MS法同时检测大鼠血浆中川陈皮素和红橘素的浓度

建立了同时测定枳壳中川陈皮素和红橘素的UPLC-MS方法,并应用于大鼠血浆中的2种化学成分的浓度监测。色谱柱为Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C_(18)柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm);流动相为0.1%甲酸溶液-乙腈;体积流量0.6 m L/min;柱温30℃;进样量为5μL;采用电喷雾离子源正离子模式(ESI~+),多反应监测进行测定(MRM)。结果显示,川陈皮素和红橘素分别在1~500 ng/m L和1~750 ng/m L内具有良好的线性关系(r~2≥0.998),两成分的日内和日间精密度的RSD值均小于7.2%,准确度为95.2%~104.2%,基质效应在87.5%~114.6%合理范围内,平均回收率为85.5%~92.2%。本方法经方法学验证,可对川陈皮素和红橘素同时进行血药浓度检测,降低了分析成本,为临床用药研究提供了有效的分析手段。     

HPLC同时测定不同产地山茶油中的两种抗氧剂

对不同产地山茶油中丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚(BHT)进行HPLC测定。样品以甲醇溶解振荡,离心萃取,清液甲醇定容,经0.45μm滤膜过滤分析。Hypersil ODS2 C18柱(4.6 mm×200 mm,5μm),流动相甲醇-水(80∶20),流速0.8 mL·min-1,检测波长280 nm,进量样10μL,柱温30℃的色谱条件测定。BHA和BHT的线性范围分别为0.2~50μg·mL~(-1)、2~50μg·mL~(-1)(R~20.998),加标回收率分别为88.3%、94.3%,RSD均低于8%。该方法准确快速、灵敏度高,满足山茶油中抗氧剂的检测。     

普拉格雷含量及有关物质的测定

采用HPLC法测定了普拉格雷原料药含量和有关物质。色谱条件如下:色谱柱为C18柱(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),柱温30℃,流动相为乙腈-磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH值5.0)(50∶50,体积比),流速1.0mL·min-1,检测波长219nm,进样量10μL。结果表明:普拉格雷在0.5~3.0μg·mL-1范围内,线性关系良好,平均加样回收率为99.95%(n=9)。此法操作简便、快速、灵敏、准确,样品处理简便易行,可用于测定普拉格雷原料药含量和有关物质。     

HPLC法测定原料药AL58805中基因毒杂质

目的建立一种高效液相色谱法测定AL58805原料药中基因毒性杂质对甲苯磺酸甲酯、对甲苯磺酸乙酯的方法。方法采用InertSustain C18色谱柱(4.6×250 mm,5μm);以0.015 mol·L^-1磷酸水溶液-乙腈(50∶50,V/V)为流动相;检测波长为225 nm;流速为1 mL·min^-1。结果对甲苯磺酸甲酯在3.320～200 ng·mL^-1、对甲苯磺酸乙酯在4.550～200 ng·mL^-1的范围内浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(R²=0.9997、R²=0.9992);检测限分别为3.320 ng·mL^-1、4.550 ng·mL^-1;定量限分别为9.960 ng·mL^-1、13.64 ng·mL^-1;平均回收率分别为92.06%、101.4%,RSD均为2.8%(n=9)。结论本法简单快捷、灵敏度高,可用于AL58805原料药中基因毒杂质对甲苯磺...     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。