城市地下空间的防(反)恐理念初探

列举了国外近几年的各种恐怖事件,分析了恐怖袭击的类型,提出了我国城市地下空间的防(反)恐应从政府职能、立法和防(反)恐意识等几个方面,建立相应的理念.     

乌鲁木齐城建系统构筑反暴恐防线

<正>新疆乌鲁木齐市"5·22"暴恐事件发生后,为防止暴恐分子对建设工程、交通设施以及城市供气、供热等重要市政公用设施进行破坏,乌鲁木齐市城建系统各部门迅速行动,制订应急预案,采取有力措施,构筑起牢固的反暴恐防线。乌鲁木齐市水务部门加强水源地保护,供水企业加大水厂安保力度。公交系统成立了防暴恐应急队,在公交车站设专人维稳值勤,在BRT车站入口处增设电子安检仪严格检查。     

轮式装载机ROPS＆FOPS有限元分析研究

介绍了某轮式装载机ROPS（防滚翻保护装置）和FOPS（防落物保护装置）的结构特点和性能要求，建立了ROPS＆FOPS结构的有限元模型，进行了仿真分析，为结构设计提供了理论依据，同时也保证了试验检测的顺利通过，缩短了开发周期。     

我国安全玻璃产品主要朝着两方向发展

目前国外已开发并应用了一系列高安全性建筑玻璃，包括：防飓（台）风玻璃、防爆炸玻璃、防暴力入侵玻璃、防火玻璃、防弹玻璃、防盗玻璃等。以美国为例，防飓（台）风玻璃在美国佛罗里达得克萨斯等沿大西洋海岸的州已经被强制使用，并在近几年的飓（台）风袭击中成功地挽救了不少财产和生命。防盗玻璃则被用于一些民用住宅和汽车。美国的住宅没有铁栅栏，治安较差地区的商店和住宅都使用防盗玻璃。保险公司针对用户是否选用防盗或防弹玻璃，征收不同的保险费用。     

周郁鸿教授“治未病”思想在治疗紫癜病中的应用

总结周郁鸿教授"治未病"思想在治疗紫癜病中的运用,即以顾脾胃、防外感、解热毒、调情志之法,以达防伤正、恐反复、平邪火、防情变之效,临床疗效肯定。     

防栓合剂抗血栓形成作用研究

目的 评价防栓合剂对术后血栓形成的预防作用，为临床应用提供实验依据。方法 1）将50只KM小鼠按照随机数字表法分成模型组、防栓合剂组高、中、低剂量组和阿司匹林组5组，每组10只。采用角叉菜胶致小鼠尾静脉血栓模型，以血栓形成状况评价防栓合剂预防血栓形成作用。2）将SD大鼠60只按照随机数字表法分为空白组、模型组、防栓合剂高、中、低剂量组及阿司匹林组6组，采用盐酸肾上腺素和冰水致大鼠高凝状态模型，通过测定凝血酶原时间（PT）、部分激活促凝血酶时间（APTT）、凝血酶时间（TT）及凝血时间（CT）评价防栓合剂预防血栓形成的作用。结果 防栓合剂40 g?kg-1、20 g?kg-1及10 g?kg-1均能缩短造模小鼠尾部血栓相对长度（P<0.05，）。模型组大鼠的PT、APTT均较对照组短（P<0.05）；防栓合剂16 g?kg-1及8 g?kg-1均可延长高凝状态下大鼠的PT，防栓合剂8 g?kg-1及4 g?kg-1均可延长高凝状态下大鼠的APTT，但对TT均无明显影响；模型组CT较对照组有缩短的趋势，与模型组比较，防栓合剂8 g?kg-1及4 g?kg-1对高凝状态下大鼠的CT有明显的延长作用（P<0.05）。结论 防栓合剂可能是通过抗凝及抗血栓形成而发挥防治术后血栓形成的作用。     

焦化废水生物脱氮的研究进展

对国内外生物脱氮技术研究进展进行了分析，对厌氧-好氧（A/O）工艺、厌氧-缺氧-好氧（A/A/O）工艺、简捷硝化反硝化工艺以及同时硝化反硝化（SND）进行了评述。     

GCSIP65－N（70～100）▽F五防隧道照明灯具

ＧＣＳＩＰ６５－Ｎ（７０～１００）▽Ｆ五防隧道照明灯具上海巨龙照明器材厂生产＂的天福＂牌ＧＣＳＩＰ６５－Ｎ（７０～１００）Ｆ五防隧道照明灯具，是专为隧道照明设计的高功效节能灯具，整体采用铝合金一次成型，具有防电燃、防腐蚀、防尘、防水、防震等五防功能，...     

推广防水粉之我见

推广防水粉之我见吴超敏（中国新型建筑材料广州公司５１０１６０）防水粉推广正经历大起大落的过程。关心防水粉发展的有关人士，应共同研讨对策，设法使之摆脱目前困境。１树立信心，坚持继续推广本刊１９９３年第一期曾刊登署名文章（建筑拒水粉防水工程调查），该文作...     

反流筛用于石棉选矿

反流筛用于石棉选矿董运庚大连经济技术开发区石棉工业公司（１１６６００）反流筛于１９６５年在金州石棉矿（现名大连开发区石棉工业公司）进行了半工业性试验，苏州非金属矿山设计院创造性地将反流筛应用于金州矿万吨石棉选矿厂设计中，总的看来是成功的。选矿厂从１９...     

结构工程抗倒塌设计研究综述

分析了地震、爆炸、冲击等造成结构倒塌的原因,指出了倒塌结构在设计、施工等方面存在的问题;归纳了现行规范在抗倒塌设计方面的相关内容,特别指出了中国规范在这方面的不足;总结了现有的破坏准则和抗倒塌设计方法,指出了其中的不足;最后从破坏准则、设计方法、规范修订等多个方面对今后的研究工作做了展望。     

Tree-ring elemental concentrations in oak do not necessarily passively record changes in bioavailability

Elemental concentrations in tree-rings from red and white oak trees at six sites across Southern Ontario, Canada, were assessed to determine whether they passively record changes in geochemical cycling in the presence of environmental stress. Periods of stress were defined as sustained periods with elevated delta(13)C values in tree-rings relative to atmospheric CO(2) during the same period. In some trees, nutrient concentrations (Ca, Mg, Mn) were erratic during historic periods of stress while chemically similar non-nutrients (Ba, Sr) and the anthropogenic pollutant Pb were not. Tree-ring concentrations of Ca and Sr were related to bedrock type and leachable concentrations in the soil. In contrast, tree-ring concentrations of Mg were not related to bedrock type, although Mg concentration in the soil leachate was. Tree-ring Mn, Ba and Pb concentrations were not related to bedrock type or soil concentrations, but were inversely related to soil pH. Erratic behavior of nutrient elements during historic periods of stress suggests that some nutrient concentrations in the environment were not always passively recorded by tree-rings.     

纳米压痕技术在水泥基材料中的应用进展

介绍了目前常用的几种纳米压痕仪并总结了纳米压痕技术的测试原理,同时介绍了水泥基材料的纳米压痕测试样品的制备过程及注意事项,详细地论述了纳米压痕仪在水泥基材料中的应用现状,分析了这种技术的优势及其存在的问题,展望了其发展趋势和应用前景,最后对该技术进一步发展方向提出了建议.     

Occurrence, oral exposure and risk assessment of volatile organic compounds in drinking water for Izmir

Concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured in the drinking water in Province of Izmir, Turkey, and associated health risks due to ingestion of these compounds were investigated using population weighted random samples. A total of 100 houses were visited in different districts of Izmir and drinking water samples were collected from consumers' drinking water source. Questionnaires were administered to one participant in each house to determine demographics and drinking water consumption rates. Oral exposure and risks were estimated for each participant and Izmir population by deterministic and probabilistic approaches, respectively. The four trihalomethane (THM) species (i.e., chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, and bromoform), benzene, toluene, p-xylene, and naphthalene were the most frequently detected VOCs with concentrations ranging from below detection limit to 35 microg/l. The risk estimates were found to be less than the values reported in the literature with few exceptions. Noncarcinogenic risks attributable to ingestion of VOCs for Izmir population were negligible, whereas the mean carcinogenic risk estimates for bromodichloromethane and dibromochloromethane were above the de minimis level of one in a million (10(-6)). For all VOCs, the concentrations measured in metropolitan area were greater than those in other districts. All THM species were detected in higher concentrations in tap water, whereas nontap water contained more benzene, toluene, p-xylene, and naphthalene. Therefore, the concentrations of the latter four compounds and associated risks increased with increasing income and education level since bottled water was used in larger proportions within these subgroups. The results of this study showed that oral exposure to drinking water contaminants and associated risks may be higher than the acceptable levels even if the concentrations fall below the standards.     

Natural Aggregates at Makkah Governate, Western Saudi Arabia

 Natural coarse and fine aggregates which accumulated along six selected wadis in the region of Makkah were assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The six wadis were Numan, Al-Yamanyah, Al-Shamyah, Hwarah, Alaf and Faydah. More than 440 aggregate samples were collected and their physical, mechanical and chemical properties determined. Petrographic studies on the gravel samples were undertaken to characterise the aggregate types. The results were compared with ASTM and British Standard specifications. The aggregates were generally within the acceptable limits for use in concrete although there were the relatively high values of chloride, sulphate and total dissolved salts in the fine aggregates in Wadis Alaf, Hwarah and Faydah. Nine fine aggregate samples representing upstream, midstream and downstream deposits from these saline wadis were washed in distilled waters after which the aggregates were within the acceptable limits for structural concrete. There were indications of material which could cause alkali-silica in the coarse aggregate at Wadi Faydah. The study proved reserves of 12.5 million m³ of coarse aggregate and 23 million m³ of fine aggregate. Received: 27 May 1998 · Accepted: 18 February 1999     

Pesticides in rain and roof runoff waters from an urban region

The levels of organonitrogen, organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides were monitored in rain and roof runoff waters in Gdańsk (Poland) over a period of 6 months (October 2000 – March 2001). Buildings included in the study were of different ages, and covered with a variety of roofing materials. Samples were collected during the precipitation events. Pesticides were determined by gas chromatography combined with NPD and ECD detection. Bromofos, heptachlor epoxide and o,p′-DDE were detected the most often in the samples collected. In general, pesticide concentrations were higher in roof runoff than in rainwater. The type of the roofing material had a significant effect on the pesticide levels in runoff waters. The highest analyte levels were recorded in October and November, when the temperature was the highest.     

田菁花粉过敏原的分离、纯化及鉴定

目的：初步分离、纯化及鉴定田菁花粉变应原蛋白。方法对田菁花粉粗提液进行提取,通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）对粗提液蛋白组分进行分离,并对其分子质量进行测定。收集10例过敏患者血清,通过免疫印迹法（Western-blotting）对花粉变应原成分进行鉴定,用离子交换层析对其变应原进行初步纯化,并通过免疫印迹法进行鉴定。结果田菁花粉有蛋白条带20余条,其中主要条带有12条,16、19和27 ku为其特异性的过敏原,其中16和19 ku 为其主要过敏原。田菁花粉通过离子交换层析纯化出变应原主要集中在Ⅳ和Ⅰ峰,其对应的分子质量为16和19 ku。结论初步分离、纯化及鉴定了田菁花粉变应原,为临床过敏性疾病的诊断和治疗奠定了基础。     

CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS FOR MINEWATER TREATMENT: PERFORMANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY

Wetlands were constructed between 1995 and 1999 to treat discharges from abandoned coalmines in the Pelenna Valley, South Wales. This was one of the first and most comprehensive demonstrations of passive minewater treatment technology in Europe, incorporating aerobic and anaerobic cells, including 'reducing and alkalinity-producing systems. The wetlands were monitored to assess their performance and longevity and were found to remove 82-96% of the incoming iron, with no decline in treatment performance over the monitoring period to 2002. Oxidation was found to be the dominant iron-removal process, even in vertical-flow cells which were designed to utilise anaerobic processes. Factors limiting the longevity of iron-removal processes were identified. maintenance requirements were highlighted and life-span predictions were calculated for the systems. The wetlands were shown to be an effective and low maintenance (but not maintenance-free) method of treating net-acidic and net-alkaline minewater.     

Material balances of organics and nutrients in an oxidation pond

A series of experiments concerning a tertiary oxidation pond was performed from 10 January to 12 November 1979, using a model oxidation pond of 21 m² in capacity. The concentrations of organics and nutrients in influent and pond water were measured so as to consider the conversion of water quality in a tertiary oxidation pond. The sedimentation rates were measured weekly, and the final sediments were analyzed at the end of experiments, so that the material balances in respect to carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were calculated and the various transition reactions were evaluated quantitatively. The result of the material balances showed that there were three main reactions in pond: the assimilation to algae; the sedimentation of suspended substance; and the decomposition of sediments. The regeneration rates of nutrients from sediments were so active that the removal of nutrients by algal solidification were not effective. Consequently, the overall removal efficiency of nutrients was 45% in total nitrogen and 43% in total phosphorus by a tertiary oxidation pond with 16 days detention time.     

南宁市公园绿地园林植物调查及应用研究

采用实地踏查与资料收集相结合的方法,对南宁市19个公园绿地植物进行调查,从植物种类、生活型、来源、观赏特征、珍稀濒危和毒性等方面探讨园林植物在各绿地中的应用特点及改善建议.结果表明:1)南宁市公园绿地园林植物种类丰富,较为重视乡土和常绿植物应用,共有园林植物549种,隶属115科359属;2)热带植物景观较明显;3)一年四季花果不断,观花植物运用较多,但某些类型植物(藤本、水生、珍稀濒危植物等)运用较少且较集中;4)有毒园林植物应用普遍;5)古树名木较少.提出增加藤本、水生及珍稀濒危等类型植物的应用,添加有毒植物标识牌,加大与植物有关的人文活动等建议.