共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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为降低枸杞鲜果在低温结合塑料薄膜包装条件下的腐烂率,作者以"宁杞1号"鲜果为试材,通过0.025 g/L和0.05 g/L赤霉素(GA3)浸泡处理3 min,观察果实在聚乙烯薄膜包装条件下低温(0±1)℃贮藏期间的防腐保鲜效果。结果表明:GA3处理可有效降低果实的腐烂率,贮藏24d时,0.05 g/L处理者的腐烂率为对照的一半。GA3还可明显延缓贮藏期间可溶性固形物质量分数的降低,在一定程度上维持可滴定酸含量,但对果实的失重率无影响。经0.05 g/L GA3处理的果实在贮藏30 d时仍具有新鲜枸杞固有的风味,较好地保持了果柄的新鲜度。由此表明,GA3可通过延缓果实衰老、维持抗性来降低枸杞贮藏期间的腐烂率,维持良好的品质。 相似文献
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本实验验采用55、60和65℃,20s热水喷淋(hot water rinsing and brushing,HWRB)处理"丰香"草莓,研究此热处理对常温贮藏(20℃ 3d)和冷藏(0℃12d)后的果实腐烂和品质的影响.研究发现,热水喷淋处理能显著降低处理后果实表面的微生物数量,有效抑制果实失重率和呼吸强度的上升,保持了较高的VC含量;经65℃热水处理的果实发病率最低,但部分果实在处理后其表面出现漂白干缩的现象,影响了它们的商品价值.60℃热水喷淋处理使果实的发病率显著低于对照组,在冷藏下对病害的防治效果更好,同时对果实的颜色、硬度、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量未产生不良影响,所以比较适合草莓的采后防腐保鲜处理. 相似文献
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为探明热水处理对新余蜜橘贮藏品质的影响,采用主成分分析法分析热水(53℃、3 min)处理对冷藏条件下[(5±0.5)℃,80%~95%RH]贮藏120 d的‘彭家39号’新余蜜橘采后贮藏品质的影响。结果表明,热水处理可减少新余蜜桔采后腐烂的发生,延缓可溶性固形物(total soluble solids content,TSS)、可滴定酸(titratable acidity, TA)、维生素C (Vitamin C, Vc)含量的降解,抑制果实呼吸速率及丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)的积累,提高果实抗氧化酶如超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)和过氧化物酶(peroxidase, POD)活性,延缓果实后熟衰老。主成分分析和综合得分显示,冷藏60 d后,对照组新余蜜橘的综合品质急剧下降,而热水处理可使果实贮藏时间延长20 d左右。因此,热水处理可作为一种延长新余蜜橘贮藏寿命和维持果实采后品质的理想措施。 相似文献
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目前柑橘消费市场对果实品质要求高,但采后果实风味和感官接受度不断下降。为探究保持柑橘采后风味品质的方法,该研究以不同质量浓度的草酸处理锦橙,运用气相色谱-质谱和实时荧光定量PCR技术,测定锦橙采后挥发性香气物质和乙醇的含量及乙醇代谢相关基因转录水平。结果表明,草酸(oxalic acid, OA)处理能够有效维持锦橙果实感官品质、保持果肉中较高的挥发性香气物质含量和较低的乙醇含量,其中以质量浓度为1 g/L的草酸(OA2)处理效果最佳。贮藏120 d时,OA2组挥发性香气物质含量为226.48μg/g,为CK组的145.23%;乙醇含量为52.85μg/g,为CK组的7.14%。OA2处理诱导乙醇代谢相关基因PDC、ADH表达水平显著降低。另外,OA2处理后果实可溶性固形物、抗坏血酸含量增加,抑制了果实的呼吸强度。综上,锦橙采后草酸处理能够有效改善果实风味品质,降低异味产生和感知。该研究为柑橘采后风味品质保持技术和天然保鲜剂研发提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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茉莉酸甲酯处理对不同成熟度草莓果实采后腐烂和品质的影响 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
用1 μmol/L的茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)处理八成熟和全熟时采摘的"丰香"草莓果实24h,然后在20℃下贮藏.结果表明,MeJA处理可显著抑制八成熟草莓贮藏过程中果实腐烂发生,而对全熟草莓果实腐烂发生无显著影响.MeJA处理促进八成熟果实贮藏前期可溶性固形物(TSS)含量的增加和总酸含量(TA)的下降,并促进果实红色的发育.经MeJA处理的八成熟果实在贮藏后期,果实表面颜色、可溶性固形物和VC含量等品质指标都接近于全熟果实.因此,对于采后不能及时销售和需要长途运输的草莓果实,可于较低成熟度时采摘,并采用MeJA处理,这样既能有效降低果实腐烂,同时又可保持其商品价值. 相似文献
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研究了采后硅酸钠处理对杏果黑斑病的控制及品质的影响。结果表明:体外条件下不同浓度硅酸钠对黑斑病病原物Alternaria alternata的生长具有显著的抑制作用,其中以25mmol/L处理效果最好,抑菌率可达72.73%。50mmol/L硅酸钠浸泡可明显降低杏果损伤接种A.alternata的病斑直径,处理组病斑直径低于对照22%,且抑制效果可持续96h。50mmol/L硅酸钠处理还有效延缓了常温贮藏初期果实硬度的下降,维持了较高的可滴定酸和VC的含量,但对可溶性固形物含量无明显影响。由此表明,采后硅酸钠处理可通过直接抑菌和诱导果实抗性来控制杏果黑斑病,并在一定程度上维持果实的品质。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: Cantaloupes are associated with recent outbreaks of foodborne illnesses and recalls. Therefore, new approaches are needed for sanitization of whole and cut fruit. In the present study, whole cantaloupes were submerged into water in the following 3 conditions: 10 °C water for 20 min (control), 20 ppm chlorine at 10 °C for 20 min, and 76 °C water for 3 min. Populations of microflora were measured on the rinds of the whole cantaloupes. Quality and microbial populations of fresh-cut cantaloupes prepared from whole fruit were analyzed after 1, 6, 8, 10, 13, 16, and 20 d of storage at 4 °C. The hot water significantly reduced both total plate count (TPC) and yeast and mold count on rind of whole fruits while chlorine or cold water wash did not result in a significant reduction of microbial population. Fresh-cut pieces prepared from hot water-treated cantaloupes had lower TPC than the other 2 treatments in the later storage periods (days 13 to 20) in 2 of 3 trials. The hot water treatment of whole fruits was inconsistent in reducing yeast and mold count of fresh-cut pieces. Soluble solids content, ascorbic acid content, fluid loss, and aroma and appearance scores were not consistently affected by either hot water or chlorine treatment. Our results suggested that hot water pasteurization of whole cantaloupes frequently resulted in lower TPCs of fresh-cut fruit during storage and did not negatively affect quality of fresh-cut cantaloupes. 相似文献
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Control of anthracnose rot and quality deterioration in loquat fruit with methyl jasmonate 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Shifeng Cao Yonghua Zheng Zhenfeng Yang Shuangshuang Tang Peng Jin 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2008,88(9):1598-1602
BACKGROUND: Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) fruit has a short shelf‐life, mainly due to fungal decay. Current control of postharvest disease of the fruit is mainly dependent on fungicides. However, because of the increasing consumer concern over food safety, there is an urgent need to search for effective alternatives to control disease. The objective of this work was to determine the efficacy of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in controlling anthracnose rot caused by Colletotrichum acutatum and maintaining quality of loquat fruit. RESULTS: Loquat fruit were treated with 10 µmol L?1 MeJA and wound inoculated with C. acutatum spore suspension of 1.0 × 105 spores mL?1 24 h after treatment, and then stored at 20 °C for 6 days. The percentage of infected wounds showing decay symptom was reduced from 54.4% to 16.7% and the lesion diameter was reduced from 7.26 mm to 4.00 mm by MeJA treatment on the 4th day after inoculation. MeJA treatment induced higher activities of two defense‐related enzymes—chitinase and β‐1,3‐glucanase—during 6 days storage. Meanwhile, the treatment inhibited increases in fruit firmness and internal browning index, and maintained higher extractable juice rate and total soluble solids and titratable acidity contents, thereby delaying the development of flesh leatheriness. CONCLUSION: MeJA treatment effectively inhibited anthracnose rot and maintained quality in loquat fruit. Inhibition of the disease was mainly because of resistance induced in loquat fruit by MeJA. A postharvest application of MeJA could be an alternative to chemical fungicides for control of postharvest disease in loquat fruit. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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热水和壳聚糖处理对厚皮甜瓜采后病害及苯丙烷代谢的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以厚皮甜瓜为试材,采用53℃热水,2%壳聚糖及2%壳聚糖结合53℃热水浸泡处理10min,研究了不同处理对T.roseum损伤接种果实病斑直径及苯丙烷代谢关键酶及其产物积累的影响。结果表明:三种处理均可抑制果实病斑直径的扩展,其中以热水和壳聚糖结合热水处理效果较好,处理后第7d时病斑直径分别低于对照47.41%和41.78%。热水和壳聚糖结合热水处理可显著诱导果实苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)和4-香豆酰-辅酶A连接酶(4CL)的活性。处理后第9d时的PAL活性分别高出对照3.32与2.8倍,贮存12d时4CL活性也分别高出对照32.5%和25.3%。壳聚糖结合热水处理可显著促进果实体内总酚、类黄酮和木质素的积累,处理后第15d时分别高出对照32.8%、50.76%和71.61%。热水和壳聚糖结合热水处理可通过诱导甜瓜果实的苯丙烷代谢活性来增强对T.roseum侵染的抗性。 相似文献
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以宁夏枸杞鲜果为原料,经打浆与护色后,用不同酶制剂进行酶解处理,结合酶量、反应温度、反应时间及底物p H,考察对枸杞出汁率和可溶性固形物的影响。经单因素和Box-Behnken优化实验,确定枸杞浆最佳酶解工艺。实验确定的果胶酶酶解最优条件为:果胶酶添加量0.016%,温度41℃,酶解时间1.3 h,枸杞浆出汁率为48.75%。复合酶酶解最优条件为:复合酶(果胶酶∶纤维素酶=3∶7)添加量0.09%,酶解温度35℃,酶解时间2.7 h,枸杞浆出汁率为49.20%。且两种酶对可溶性固形物无显著性影响(p>0.05)。结果表明:果胶酶及复合酶均能大幅度提高枸杞果的出汁率,但复合酶比单一果胶酶对提高枸杞果出汁率效果更好。 相似文献
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目的 分离、鉴定宁夏中宁地区引起枸杞鲜果采后病害的主要病原菌, 并研究水杨酸(salicylic acid, SA)的抑病效果。方法 采用常规方法从自然发病果实中分离病原真菌, 通过形态学和ITS(internal transcribed spacer)序列信息进行鉴定。使用不同浓度的水杨酸处理病原菌和果实, 观察SA对病原菌体外和体内的抑制效果。结果 共分离到4株病原真菌菌株, 它们均能引起枸杞鲜果的采后腐烂。其中, WB-1鉴定为梨黑斑链格孢(Alternariagaisen), WB-2鉴定为互隔链格孢(Alternariaalternata); WB-3和WB-4分别鉴定为镰刀霉属(Fusarium)和枝孢属(Cladosporium)真菌。SA对3种供试病原真菌的生长均有明显抑制作用, 且SA浓度越高抑制效果越明显。SA浸泡处理对常温和低温贮藏的枸杞鲜果病害有显著的控制效果, 并且SA处理对枸杞果实固形物含量(soluble solids content, SSC)无显著影响。结论 枸杞鲜果采后腐烂由多种病原真菌引起, SA处理对枸杞采后病害具有较好的控制效果, 具有潜在的应用前景。 相似文献
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本实验以赤霞珠葡萄果实为试材,研究了UV-B照射对采后葡萄果实品质和黄酮醇积累的影响。结果表明,采后适当剂量UV-B照射葡萄果实可在不影响果实硬度及果梗褐变指数等外在品质的情况下显著提高果实可滴定酸、总酚、总黄酮及总黄酮醇含量,减缓可溶性固形物及VC降解,可较好改善酿酒葡萄采后品质。UV-B对葡萄果实采后品质的改善作用呈现明显的照射剂量依赖性和孵育时间依赖性。150μW/cm2的照射剂量和2 h的孵育时间的调控作用最佳。 相似文献