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直流电场对LiNbO3晶体亚临界裂纹扩展的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本工作采用双扭曲试验法(DT法),着重研究了极化条件、直流电场的强度和取向对晶体学取向不同的LiNbO_3晶体中裂纹亚临界扩展行为的影响,并对晶体由裂纹临界扩展导致断裂的形貌作了分析。实验结果表明:LiNbO_3晶体试样的裂纹亚临界扩展方程指数n随晶体学取向的不同而不同,这与裂纹扩展所沿晶面的断裂能有关。未极化的LiNbO_3晶体受直流电场作用时,其亚临界裂纹扩展的加快,系压电晶体电致伸缩效应所致;极化的LiNbO_3晶体试样在直流电场作用下,其亚临界裂纹扩展主要是受晶体的逆压电效应的影响。 相似文献
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崔盛瑞 《玻璃钢/复合材料》1980,(5)
在载荷作用下,纤维复合材料声发射的输出有两个主要来源:纤维破坏和基体出现裂纹。在只有第一个来源时,过程对应变速率不敏感,而二者俱在时,则过程与应变速率有关。应变速率越慢,用于裂纹扩展的有效时间越长,声发射作用越强烈。 相似文献
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为探索玻璃纤维增强复合材料在四点弯曲载荷作用下分层演变行为及分层缺陷对复合材料承受负荷能力和服役期限的影响,经过设置相异位置的人为分层缺陷,在万能试验机上对试样实施四点弯曲试验,由声发射记录全过程,并通过试样的撞击累积-时间-幅度历程图、载荷-时间-相对能量历程图、声发射撞击信号定位图等判断复合材料分层损伤的破坏程度。结果表明,接近试件表面的分层缺陷加快了材料破坏扩展进程,分层缺陷所在的位置很大程度地改变了复合材料的弯曲性能,分层缺陷越靠近试件表面,对试件损害力度越大,试件服役能力越差。 相似文献
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本文将声发射技术应用于陶瓷材料研究领域,通过由传感器、前置放大器、滤波器、主放大器、信号形成器、信号处理器组成的声发射检测系统,精确地测定了陶瓷材料在热应力作用下裂纹生长、扩展的动态过程;发现陶瓷材料在冷却过程中声发射计数率的峰值约为加热过程的400倍;陶瓷材料在热应力下微裂纹的形成、生长主要发生在冷却过程中。 相似文献
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介绍了声发射技术的基本原理,用声发射技术监测了莫来石-钛酸铝陶瓷材料急冷时热震损伤强度衰减及裂纹的扩展过程,结果表明:由热应力引起的微裂纹稳态扩展和失稳扩展的声发射特性与该试样热震损伤后的残余强度变化趋势是一致的。 相似文献
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A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases. 相似文献
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ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l/3为氧气,2/3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中:A一混… 相似文献
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面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。 相似文献
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P. P. Budnikoff 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1924,7(11):817-820
The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO3 and determination of CaO by KMnO4 titration, the SO3 by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO4 has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time. 相似文献
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用两个形状指数表征粉煤灰颗粒形貌的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
引用两个形状指数表征颗粒形状的概念,即先将颗粒形状近似为椭圆,再将椭圆图像分离:以圆为基准的颗粒宏观形状指数δ;以光滑椭圆为基准的颗粒轮廓凹凸度,即微观形状指数ζ。分析和发展了近似椭圆模型。并运用图像分析仪对粉煤灰、水泥样品进行实验。结果表明,粉煤灰颗粒的两个形状指数δ和ζ都大于水泥颗粒。证明粉煤灰颗粒的球形度、表面光滑度优于水泥,而且,随着粒径增大,δ和ζ呈下降趋势,表明磨制颗粒越粗。(?)粒形状越不规则。文中还运用近似椭圆模型再现了颗粒的模拟图像。 相似文献
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A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.
Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology. 相似文献
Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology. 相似文献
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本文以三种典型煤的碳燃烧为研究对象,分别采用简单一维沉降燃烧方式和等温加热燃烧方式,实验研究了煤在快速加热条件下,其碳的初期和中,后期燃烧过程。以实验为基础,建立了煤的碳燃烧模型,变工况数值模拟了煤的碳燃烧过程,揭示了煤不同条件下的单颗粒碳燃烧特性。 相似文献
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提出了有双官能团酸相对分子质量调节剂存在时己内酰胺水解聚合过程动力学模型 ,并进行了实验验证 .对不同温度下聚合产物组成和各影响因素对数均聚合度的影响进行了模拟 .结果表明 ,数均聚合度随进料中水、氨基己酸及相对分子质量调节剂浓度的增加而减小 ,其中水的浓度影响较显著 ,且在考察浓度范围内相对分子质量调节剂浓度 [R]0 ≤ 0 0 0 68mol·kg- 1 时数均聚合度基本不变 ,而 [R]0 >0 0 0 68mol·kg- 1 时数均聚合度则显著减小 .无氨基己酸及相对分子质量调节剂时数均聚合度亦随水浓度增加而减小 . 相似文献
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ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log10 viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log10 viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na2O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO2, 2Na2O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al2O3 for Na2O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log10η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature Ta. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log10η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A12O3) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al2O3) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log10η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al2O3. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log10η due to substitution of an oxide for Na2O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na2O-CaO-SiO2. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO2, 2Na2O) due to of Substitution of B2O3 for SiO2 The change of log10η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log10η per per cent B2O3. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na2O. 相似文献
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