细磷片低碳石墨浮选工艺研究

我国是天然石墨资源大国,储量、产量及出口量均居世界首位,但随着生产的发展,剩下的石墨矿品位较低,可选性下降,选矿回收率较低。通过实验,采用浮选法回收低品位石墨,使低碳石墨矿达到国家高碳标准,充分利用石墨资源,扩大石墨应用范围。试验以黑龙江鹤岗地区细鳞片石墨(固定碳含量为12.74%)为原料,采用浮选工艺,对该矿石采用一次粗选一次扫选,粗精矿五次再磨六次精选,中矿(1～3)合并再选,中矿4、5、6、7集中返回再磨Ⅰ的工艺流程,以煤油作捕收剂,2#油作起泡剂,生石灰作调整剂,使最终精矿品位提高到93.60%,回收率达91.42%。     

细粒稀土矿物浮选研究

本文介绍了细粒稀土矿物浮选配套新工艺,该工艺应用选择性脱泥装置和新药剂（L102. L303 L108）混合配方等技术,将稀土精矿品位提高到54－72％,稀土回收率提高到85－90％;为解决细粒稀土矿浮选技术难题提供了方法。     

高碳当量灰铸铁的变质研究

采用微分热分析法、液淬法及电镜能谱分析法观察研究了阻碍石墨化变质剂对高碳当量灰铸铁一次结晶过程及凝固组织的影响机理，并结合生产实际研究了它对机械性能的影响规律．试验结果分析表明：阻碍石墨化变质剂对高碳当量（ＣＥ＝３．９％～４．２％）灰铸铁具有强烈地增大共晶过冷的作用，初生奥氏体枝晶数量及细小石墨含量随变质剂加入量的增加而增加，高碳当量灰铸铁通过阻碍石墨化变质其机械性能显著提高．     

钡,钙在大断面球铁中抗衰退作用研究

试验以武钢生铁为原料，研究了含Ｂａ稀土镁球化剂及含Ｂａ、Ｃａ、Ａｌ硅铁孕育剂和瞬时孕育方法在大断面铸态铁素体球铁中的抗球化衰退作用。实验表明，采取上述措施完全消除了大断面球铁的碎块状石墨，使壁厚为２５０ｍｍ－５００ｍｍ试说球化率达到８５％以上，σｂ〉３００ＭＰａ，δ〉９％，并用Ｂａ、ｃａ形成硫化物及氧化物的热力学稳定性及Ｂａ、Ｃａ对包围石墨球的奥氏体壳的稳定性对抗衰退作用进行分析和讨论。     

废锌-锰电池炭黑的回收及应用研究

探索了废锌锰电池炭黑的回收方法和利用回收的炭黑再制作电池的性能，研究了ζ电位，pH值，水玻璃、六偏磷酸钠、NO-2等分散剂，煤油捕收剂，11号油起泡剂对浮选回收炭黑的影响．通过浮选可以使得废锌锰干电池的正极电芯粉中碳的质量分数由47．47％上升到69．50％．用回收炭黑制作的电池在大电流和小电流放电时问上，均超过用新炭黑做作的电池，但短路电流较小．     

不同配比的复合导电剂对LMO锂电池性能的影响

导电剂使电池有良好的倍率放电性能,是锂离子电池不可或缺的关键材料之一,研究以常规导电炭黑做导电基底,探究添加导电石墨、碳纳米管和活性碳对LMO电池性能的影响.结果表明：在常规导电基底中加入50％的导电石墨,33.3％的碳纳米管,16.7％的活性炭的复合导电剂比常规导电剂组的实际比容量高出12 mAh/g;碳纳米管对实际比容量指标的影响最大,其次是活性炭,再次是导电石墨;循环次数在30次时,加入复合导电剂的电池容量保持率在90％以上,而加入常规导电剂的电池容量保持率下降到71％,不加任何导电剂的电池容量保持率只有55％.     

一种高分子絮凝剂对细粒胶磷矿浮选的影响

我国磷矿资源以钙硅质难选沉积磷块岩矿石为主,含磷矿物与杂质矿物紧密共生,胶磷矿以“胶态”非晶质集合体存在,单体难以解离,磨矿细度高,产生的细粒表面积大,表面能高,致使药剂消耗量大,选择性差,严重影响磷精矿质量. 以晋宁高硅胶磷矿为研究对象,添加一种非离子型高分子絮凝剂Ｆ－０８进行正浮选和反浮选试验. 正浮选粗选中,磨矿细度为－０．０３８　ｍｍ　８１．１１％时,碳酸钠用量为４　ｋｇ／ｔ,水玻璃３　ｋｇ／ｔ,油酸钠１．１２５　ｋｇ／ｔ时,添加３０　ｇ／ｔ Ｆ－０８,磷精矿五氧化二磷品位从２３．９９％提高到２４．５４％,回收率从８０．８０％提高到８５．３０％;反浮选粗选中,六偏磷酸钠用量为２　ｋｇ/ｔ,十二胺１　ｋｇ/ｔ时,添加４０　ｇ/ｔ Ｆ－０８,磷精矿五氧化二磷品位从２１．５０％提高到２２．９５％,回收率从６５．３２％提高到７０．４８％. 通过ｚｅｔａ电位测定、沉降实验及激光粒度分析测定,Ｆ－０８的添加可促进捕收剂吸附,沉降速度增大,同时可增大硅酸盐矿物平均粒径.     

水系结构变化对石墨浮选过程的影响

本文探索了在海水中浮选石墨。从理论上分析了海水中电解质离子对水系结构的影响及水系结构变化对石墨浮选过程的作用。实验结果及理论分析表明,水系结构的加强,增大了水系与石墨表面的力场差异,从而提高了可浮性,提高了煤油和2~#油作用的有效性。而氯离子在石墨表面的吸附,使吸附点周围的水系结构变得松懈,增强了石墨表面的疏水性,从而提高了可浮性。     

降低可锻铸铁第一阶段石墨化温度的研究

在国内外近年来可锻铸铁孕育剂研究的基础上，研制出一种能在８００℃以下使共晶渗碳体迅速分解的可锻铸铁用高效孕育剂，其成分为０．４％～０．５％ＦｅＳｉＢａ５ＲＥ３＋０．１％ＮａＣｌ十０．０１％～０．０１３％Ｂｉ．用该复合孕育剂处理的可锻铸铁，在８００℃以下保温２０～３０ｈ，即可完全石墨化，机械性能可达到或超过ＫＴＨ３５０－１０．从而可取消传统的可锻铸铁退火必须经过９００℃以上高温保温的第一阶段石墨化．因此可大大降低退火能耗，减少退火箱的烧损，消除铸件的变形、过热和过烧．既降低生产成本，又提高铸件质量．此外，还讨论了此孕育剂对可锻铸铁的孕育机理．     

增强剂对碳／碳材料沉积速率影响的实验研究

从实验探索了增强剂对碳／碳复合材料沉积速率的影响，提出了提高沉积速率的方法。实验结果表明：采用经过石墨化处理和表面改性处理的碳布作为增强剂，所制得的坯体沉积速率快，样品最终密度高；碳纤维体积含量（为３０％～４５％时）对样品最终密度无明显影响。     

An innovative flake graphite upgrading process based on HPGR,stirred grinding mill,and nanobubble column flotation

Physical upgrading of graphite is typically achieved with many stages of grinding and flotation to produce a concentrate with approximately 95% carbon grade. An innovative grinding and column flotation process has been developed for efficient graphite upgrading to substantially simplify the process flowsheet and reduce operating costs. In this process, a high-pressure grinding roller (HPGR) and a stirred mill were employed as primary comminution techniques and a nanobubble flotation column as a key separation process. The results obtained with a crystalline flake graphite sample with a carbon grade of 11.15% show that the novel process can produce a concentrate with 94.82% carbon grade and 97.89% recovery from an open circuit of one rougher and two cleaner flotation stages. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) microphotographs indicate that HPGR offers the advantage of more effective protection of graphite flakes during crushing. Grinding test results show that stirred mill could not only protect graphite flakes but also promote the efficient liberation of graphite. Compared with the traditional flotation process, nanobubble flotation can effectively recover ultrafine graphite. The new process possesses a number of important advantages over the traditional method, including substantially higher graphite recovery, greatly simplified process flowsheet, better protection of flake size, reduced reagent consumption and process costs, etc.     

Evaluation of graphite depressants in a poly-metallic sulfide flotation circuit

Synthetic dyes are commonly used for graphite depression in poly-metallic flotation circuits; however,these dyes can be very expensive. The aim of this study is to evaluate performance of certain low-cost alternative depressants for a complex lead-zinc(Pb-Zn) ore rich in graphite(Gr-C) on a conventional mini pilot-scale flotation circuit. The reagents used were commercial and industrial grade starch; agro-based waste-sugarcane bagasse and charred(burnt) bagasse powder. The primary evaluation criteria were quality(grades) of lead and zinc concentrates, their recoveries(%), and graphite rejection(%) in the tails.Benchmark tests using nigrosine as graphite depressant showed 94.3% rejection of Gr-C. The results with commercial starch were found as effective with 93.8% graphite rejection. Furthermore, bagasse powder showed potential in improving product quality(36.4% and 65.6% Pb grade and recovery) with an intermediate effectiveness in graphite rejection(85.6%). The order of effectiveness in Gr-C rejection follows nigrosine % commercial starch bagasse industrial starch charred bagasse. In addition, the effect these depressants on silver(byproduct) grade and recovery was also investigated.     

STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF SOLUTION SURFACE TENSION ON THE FLOTATION BEHAVIOR OF GRAPHITE AND TALC

The effect of solution surface tension on theflotation behavior of natural hydrophobic mineralssuch as graphite and talc is studied. The best sol-ution surface tension range is also given in thegraphite and talc flotation. And the critical sur-face tension distribution of floatability of themis analysed.     

溶液表面张力变化对石墨和滑石浮选行为的影响

本文研究了浮选溶液的表面张力变化对天然疏水性矿物石墨和滑石浮选行为的影响,得出了石墨和滑石浮选时的最佳溶液表面张力区间并分析了它们的可浮性临界表面张力分布。     

矿物浮选过程的耗散结构分析

利用耗散结构理论分析了矿物浮选过程热力学和动力学特征．结果表明，进行浮选的矿浆体系是一个开放系统，矿浆处于湍流状态，系统的熵较大．随着浮选药剂和空气的不断输入，系统从环境吸入负熵流，悬浮矿粒与浮选药剂作用，使系统的熵降低，最后稳定在新的有序状态，形成耗散结构，有利于提高矿物回收率．以回收某镍尾矿为例，由于层流态的浮选柱有效泡沫层厚，底部的旋流力场赋予颗粒动能，能够容易地克服颗粒与气泡间的能垒，形成耗散结构．与浮选机相比，利用浮选柱回收的镍尾矿精矿品位提高0．29％，回收率提高3．02％．     

湖北宜化集团殷家坪磷矿双反浮选工艺的研究

针对湖北宜化殷家坪低品位难选硅镁质磷矿,采用阴离子捕收剂MG-7反浮选脱镁—沉降脱泥—阳离子捕收剂T609反浮选脱硅工艺. 在脱硅之前预先脱泥,同时消泡剂TOP和捕收剂T-609搭配使用,解决了阳离子反浮选脱硅过程中泡沫过稳定的难题. 获得品位为33.04%,回收率为69.50%的浮选精矿. 将分离的矿泥并入精矿,混合后精矿品位为30.56%,回收率为78.68%. 相比于传统的正浮选工艺,此工艺不需加温有效地降低了选矿的成本.     

Characterization and bene?ciation of the Egyptian black shale for possible extraction of organic matter Abd El-Rahiem简

The present paper focuses on obtaining concentrate enriched with organic matter that could be suitable for a retorting process from black shale; this is black shale from the Safaga area on the Red Sea Coast. X-ray diffraction and optical polarising microscope are used in evaluating black shale minerals. Attrition scrubbing and flotation were conducted for enrichment of organic matter in the black shale sample. Mineralogical studies revealed that black shale samples contain bituminous calcareous clay stone, quartz, apatite and pyrite. Rabah mine black shale contains 28% organic matter. The results of the different separation techniques indicate that attrition and flotation techniques successively enriched the organic matter in the black shale. The organic matter could be enriched in the black shale and obtained a concentrate with 59% assaying and 85% recovery.     

云南罗平史家寨硫铁矿的浮选研究

云南省罗平县史家寨硫铁矿矿石是一种细粒嵌布的低品位矿石.原矿含硫仅14.30%.为制定该矿石的最佳选矿工艺流程,以生产出品位高于35%的硫精矿,进行了一系列研究.研究结果表明,为产出合格精矿,保证85%-200目以上的磨矿细度是关键措施.除此之外,用乙基黄药而不是丁基黄药作为扑收剂、使用适量的硫酸铜作为活化剂以及添加足够的起泡剂2号油,也是获得良好选矿指标的重要条件.按所拟定的流程和药剂制度,产出了品位为35.20%的硫精矿,回收率高达84.43%.