高预倾角液晶显示器用聚酰亚胺定向材料的研究

报道了用于高预倾角液晶显示器的定向膜材料的研究，这类定向膜材料由链含长烷基链的聚酰亚胺组成。     

高预倾角液晶显示器用聚酰亚胺定向材料的研究(Ⅱ)

报过了用于高预倾角液晶显示器的定向膜材料的研究，这类定向膜材料由侧链含长烷基链的聚酰亚胺组成，该材料对向列相液晶有很好的定向能力。液晶显示器的预倾角随烷基链长度的增加而线性增加，并能达到５°以上的预倾角。     

一种测量材料表层机械性能的新装置

随着现代科学技术的发展,人们正越来越关注材料的耐高温、耐腐蚀、耐辐射和防磁性以及特殊工况下的摩擦学性能。除了对材料组织结构本身研究外,也致力于材料表层的研究。显然,测量技术在这种研究中至关重要。     

一种基于深冷混合工质节流制冷机的高真空水汽捕集器

详细介绍了一种新型的高真空深冷水汽捕集器.该深冷水汽捕集器采用单压缩机驱动的混合工质节流制冷机冷却,制冷系统采用商用单级油润滑压缩机驱动,在配套600 L涡轮分子泵时,压缩机的额定输入功率450 W,捕集器表面温度最低为110 K.在相同真空测试条件下,开启低温捕集器可使系统极限真空度和抽速均提高一个数量级.该新型深冷捕集器具有优异的性能、低廉的造价及高可靠性等特点,与其他高真空获得设备如涡轮分子泵结合可成为一种优异的洁净高真空获得系统.     

射吸加速式喷砂装置设计——一种可以取代压力式的新型喷砂装置

射吸加速式喷砂原理与现有的压力式和射吸式喷砂原理有很大的区别。它采用了将砂气射流的形成与砂气射流的加速作为两个功能阶段分别进行的设计思路。解决了以往射吸式喷砂原理中砂气射流的形成与加速功能不分所造成的含砂量与飞行速度之间的矛盾。射吸加速式喷砂喷出的砂气射流不仅含砂量能达到饱和状态 ,飞行速度亦可同时达到极大值。因此 ,它同时具有射吸式喷砂装置结构轻巧以及压力式喷砂装置效率高的双重优点 ,成为了结构上没有高压砂罐 ,但效率胜过压力式喷砂的全新喷砂方式。1　射吸式喷砂装置的效率在气源条件和气动能量消耗均相同…     

四极质谱计测量高压力的一种方法

真空镀膜、半导体加工等真空工艺气氛的原位监测对产品质量至关重要。由于一般质谱计测量上限的限制,较高压力下的工艺气氛的气体分析只能通过取样的方法来实现。四极分析器中离子与分子间的碰撞散射是导致四极质谱计在高压力下测量非线性的主要原因。为此,以碰撞散射为基本假设,推导出四极质谱计测量分压力的普遍公式。提出了四极质谱计在较高压力测量的两步校准法,通过与全压力规的配合,解决了四极质谱计在较高压力非线性条件下测量的实用问题。实验结果表明:可将四极质谱计的测量上限从10~(-2)Pa左右提高一个多数量级。     

一种气相缓蚀剂的密闭空间定量评价方法

在总结了国内外文献中气相缓蚀剂缓蚀性能评价方法的基础上,提出了一种密闭空间定量评价方法,并对试验条件进行了优化,得到的最佳试验条件为:试验温度为60℃;循环周期为加热8h静置16h,24h为一个循环;试验周期为1d;溶液为含NaHCO3,Na2SO4,NaCl的质量浓度分别为1g/L的电解质溶液60mL。对单组分气相缓蚀剂和复配气相缓蚀剂采用密闭空间定量评价方法进行了定量评价和验证,发现总趋势与废止的部颁92年标准结果类似,说明这种评价法能为高效、快速、定量评价气相缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能提供新的思路。     

微波等离子体化学气相沉积——一种制备金刚石膜的理想方法

综述了微波等离子体化学气相沉积(MPCVD)法制备金刚石膜技术,表明MPCVD是高速、大面积、高质量制备金刚石膜的首选方法。介绍了几种常用的MPCVD装置类型,从MPCVD装置的结构特点可以看到,用该类型装置在生长CVD金刚石膜时显示出独特的优越性和灵活性。用MPCVD法制备出的金刚石膜其性能接近甚至超过天然金刚石,并在多个领域得到广泛应用。     

气相防锈胶带的研制及其防锈性能评价

为了解决某些特殊场合，如地下管道、国防坑道中的管线、电缆等的防锈问题，在研制油溶性气相缓蚀剂的基础上，以含不饱和键的丁基橡胶、多聚萜烯树脂、增塑剂、无机充填剂和稳定剂为粘结剂的基础配方，开发成功了多金属通用气相防锈胶带。同时采用盐雾箱加速试验和自然环境试验对其防锈效果进行了研究，结果显示，该气相防锈胶带对多种金属材料和合金具有优异的防锈效果。它不仅可以有效解决各种地下管道的防锈问题，还可以广泛用于各种不适宜涂油或包装的各种金属平面的防锈。     

气相防锈材料中亚硝酸盐含量快速半定量检测方法研究

研究了一种适合于应用现场的气相防锈材料亚硝酸盐含量快速半定量检测方法。亚硝酸盐在弱酸性条件下，与对氨基苯磺酸生成重氮盐，重氮盐再与N，N-二甲基-α-萘胺反应生成红色染料。该红色生成物与配色剂A溶液进行颜色复配，由于亚硝酸盐含量的不同，产生由无色至浅绿色、绿色、靛青色、浅紫色、紫色、紫红色等一系列色阶。亚硝酸盐含量不同，色差极为明显，利用目视比色法可快速判断亚硝酸盐的含量。经与国家标准检测方法对比，本方法的检测结果准确可靠。     

一种新型气相防锈纸的研制

一般的气相防锈纸具有防锈期短、强度低、易破裂、不防潮、不耐水等缺点.作者研制的新型气相防锈纸,不仅防锈期长,还提高了纸的柔韧性能和强度,另外还防潮、防水等.通过静态纸上不接触法进行了防锈试验,结果表明该防锈纸防锈效果良好,能够对所包装的金属产品进行长期的防锈.     

基于FTTR技术的银膜中电子非平衡弛豫持续时间的研究

首先利用磁控溅射镀膜法分别用硅材料和玻璃作衬底制备了不同厚度的金属银薄膜,然后利用飞秒激光瞬态热反射技术(femtosecond transient thermoreflectance,简称FTTR)研究了金属薄膜内部电子非平衡弛豫时间。实验结果表明,相同基材、相同厚度的金属薄膜内电子非平衡弛豫持续时间是相同的。相同泵浦光功率时,电子非平衡弛豫持续时间与膜厚成反比。另外金属薄膜的衬底材料不同,对电子非平衡弛豫持续时间也有不同程度的影响。     

Development of an air cushioning material based on a novel idea

The air cushioning material introduced in this paper as a new packaging material represents a new steadying and cushioning system using air pressures. The material is a two‐layer structure consisting of an airtight chamber (air chamber) filled with air and a urethane chamber holding flexible and resilient urethane that permits free air passage. Ordinary air cushioning materials have drawbacks in that they repeat expansion and contraction according to changes in atmospheric pressure and temperature during long storage or transportation to remote destinations. While their expansion may damage the case or the packaged object, their contraction may cause a drop in steadying pressures, so that the contents may move about inside and eventually sustain damage. The two‐layer structure of the new material rectifies the shortcoming of ordinary air cushioning materials that they may be affected greatly by temperature changes. Also, the greatly improved flexibility of the packaging material opens up possibilities for far wider applications in packaging precision devices and machinery. The airtight chamber to be filled with air is provided with an air charge port and an air discharge port, which may be used to control the charged air pressure. The desirable air pressure is such that the urethane in the urethane chamber is compressed to about half the ordinary size. Since it can be checked visually or tactually, the charging of air, which used to be a delicate and rather difficult operation, is easy. Conventionally, most of the packaging materials were of throw‐away type and thus handled as waste materials. The new air cushioning material, which is surfaced with a strong wear‐resistant cloth, is designed for repetitive use, so that it will contribute greatly to the reduction of wastes if systematic recovery is carried out. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于新型红色材料的有机发光二极管

对一种名为N，N－双－[4-2-(4-二氰甲烯基－6－甲基）－4H－吡喃－2－基]乙烯基]苯基苯胺的新型有机红色材料（BDCM）进行了薄膜发光行为的研究，此材料的一个三苯胺（给电子基）和两个二氰甲烯吡喃（受电子基）所形成的较好空间位阻和强荧光发射能力，使得其固体薄膜具有很高的红色荧光量子产率。所构成ITO／CuPc/DPPP/BDCM/Mg:Ag的红色薄膜电致发光器件，在外加19V直流电压时达到582cd/m^2的发光亮度，同时，此器件的发光色度具有不随所加电流密度变化而改变的特点，表明此材料有很好的电子传输和红色发射性能。     

Evaluation of allowed outage time considering a set of plant configurations

Allowed outage time (AOT) is the maximum time for which certain safety equipment can be put out of the operation without the plant is put in a safer operating state. A method for risk informed evaluation of AOTs is developed, which enables consideration of a set of plant configurations in the evaluation. The method bases on risk measures obtained from probabilistic safety assessment, e.g. conditional change of core damage frequency considering selected plant configurations. The results of selected examples show that better methods and more data included into the models may reduce the conservatism in the evaluations and may contribute to increased flexibility about decisions on AOT.     

空气源热泵热水机组最佳运行时段模糊判定的研究

根据空气源热泵热水机组制热性能随环境温度升高而升高的规律,以热泵机组前一日开机时间和环境温度变化量作为输入量,设计机组当日开机时间的模糊判定控制系统,运用MATLAB软件验证模糊控制系统的效果。结果表明,该模糊判定控制系统可根据前一日开机时间和温度变量的变化情况,实时决定最佳运行时段,对提高热泵系统的节能性能具有重要意义。     

成膜时间对镁合金表面Ce-Mn转化膜组织及耐蚀性的影响

以四硼酸钠为添加剂,Ce(NO3)3-KMnO4为主要成膜剂,室温下在AZ91镁合金表面制备了Ce-Mn转化膜。基于优化的成膜剂浓度比,主要研究了成膜时间对膜层组织和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明转化膜层主要由O、Mg、Al、Mn、Ce等元素组成,随成膜时间延长,膜层不断增厚,且产生裂纹甚至膜层剥落。Ce(NO3)3/KMnO4浓度比较低时成膜速率较慢,膜层中Ce/Mn原子较小,但膜层的电化学性能较优。开路电位随成膜时间延长呈现先急剧增大,后缓慢增加并在2min后趋于平稳的趋势。室温下处理2min即可获得组织致密且耐腐蚀性能较好的转化膜,与基体相比,经配方A和B成膜后的试样,其自腐蚀电流密度由34.099μA/cm2分别下降到0.822和1.367μA/cm2,电阻由0.64kΩ.cm2分别增大到32.01和20.96kΩ.cm2。     

Reliability evaluation and opportunistic maintenance policy based on a novel delay time model

The delay time concept is widely adopted in literature to model the two‐stage failure process of most industrial systems which can be divided into normal stage (from new to an initial point of a defect) and defective stage (from defect arrival point to failure). Most existing delay time models assume that the normal and defective stages are independent. A generalized delay time model is proposed in this paper by considering the dependence between the normal and defective stages which is reflected in the fact that they share the same external shock process. According to the definition of shot‐noise process, external shocks will incur random hazard rate increments in the two stages. The failure state is self‐announcing, whereas the defective state can only be detected by block‐based inspection or opportunistic inspection offered by unexpected shutdown due to unavoidable external factors. The system is correctively replaced upon the occurrence of a system failure or preventively replaced at the detection of a defective state. Based on the stochastic failure model and maintenance policy, this paper evaluates system reliability performance and average long‐run cost rate via a Markov‐chain based approach. Finally, a case study on a steel convertor plant is given to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model.