一维氧化锌纳米棒制备技术的最新研究进展

综述了一维氧化锌纳米棒制备技术的研究进展,着重介绍了氧化锌纳米棒的气相和液相合成方法.介绍了不同方法的反应特征、产物形貌及其性能,并对水热法、模板法、热分解前驱物法、离子液体分解法和化学气相沉积法的生长机理进行了描述,展望了一维氧化锌纳米棒的后续研究.     

一维纳米氧化锌的制备及应用研究进展

本文对一维纳米氧化锌的制备方法进行了综述,包括气相法、液相法和模板法;重点讨论了一维纳米氧化锌在太阳能电池、传感器、多功能纺织品以及有机物光催化降解等方面的应用;指出了一维纳米氧化锌制备中存在的问题,并对其后续发展进行了展望.     

高频热等离子体气相合成一维纳米氧化锌研究

把锌粉原料加入到高频常压热等离子体弧中,使锌粉加热气化,然后与加入等离子体反应器中的氧气反应,合成出了直径为50nm、长度超过2靘的一维棒状纳米氧化锌.研究了氧分压和锌粉加料速度对合成产物形貌的影响,结果表明,通过控制这些参数,可以调控合成的氧化锌纳米棒长径比.采用XRD、SEM、TEM和HRTEM对产物的形貌和结构进行了表征,并衷征了合成的氧化锌纳米棒的光致发光性能.     

一维纳米结构ZnO掺杂的研究进展

ZnO是目前已知纳米结构中形态最为多样的多功能材料之一,其一维纳米结构的掺杂改性日益成为研究和应用的热点.本文按照杂质原子引入一维纳米结构ZnO晶格的先后,将ZnO的掺杂分为原位掺杂和后期掺杂两类,对当前一维纳米结构ZnO的掺杂进展进行了回顾,提出掺杂工艺中尚待解决的问题,并对其发展趋势及前景进行了展望.     

一维ZnO纳米结构的场发射研究进展

一维纳米结构材料因其优异的电、光及场发射特性，在光电器件、场发射器件等方面具有重要的应用价值而备受关注。ZnO因具有优异的化学及热稳定性，并且其一维纳米结构具有极大的场增强因子，因而在场发射器件阴极中有良好的应用前景。首先简要介绍了ZnO的结构与性质，并重点介绍了ZnO一维纳米材料的常用制备技术及其在场发射领域的研究进展。     

ZnO准一维纳米结构生长形态的演化机理

利用气相生长系统,通过调控实验参数,制备了多种形貌的ZnO准一维结构,如纳米条带、[011-0]和[21-1-0]取向的单侧生齿的梳状纳米条带、微米尺度的梳状结构,由多节状六角棱柱和八角棱柱组装成的微米条带等.通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜及其所加载的能谱分析和背散射电子衍射仪、高分辨透射电子显微镜等分析技术, 对其中具有代表性的介观结构进行了系统的形貌分析和细致的结构解析.分析出基本的结构单元及其复合体, 揭示了显微尺度下ZnO晶体的外形多样性以及其形态演化中的关联和规律,即ZnO纳米条带、梳状结构和多节状微米条带具有晶体结构上的同一性.     

氧化锌纳米结构的制备与应用研究进展

总结了多种氧化锌纳米结构制备的方法,以及在传统工业和高新技术产业等多方面的应用.介绍了一种制备氧化锌纳米结构的水解方法,所得的棒状与块状复合的氧化锌纳米结构在光催化降解有机物方面具有优异性能,扩展了氧化锌纳米结构的制备方法和应用方向.     

一维纳米氧化锌的制备及应用

过去10年,一维(1D)ZnO纳米结构材料因其在当前和未来的各种应用潜力受到越来越多的关注。对气相和液相方法合成1DZnO纳米结构方面所取得的进展进行分类总结。总结1DZnO纳米结构在催化、传感、能量采集设备和电子、光学、光电子等领域的功能特性。     

一维纳米结构氧化锌的水热法制备及紫外光敏特性研究

在陶瓷衬底上制作叉指状金电极,采用低温水热法生长一维纳米结构氧化锌,制得氧化锌紫外光电导型探测器.探讨了反应溶液的浓度对氧化锌纳米结构形貌及紫外光电导特性的影响.X射线衍射分析表明,产物为六方纤锌矿结构的ZnO.扫描电镜观察显示.产物为一维纳米结构,因反应溶液浓度的不同直径介于80～500nm.光电测试表明,一维纳米结构氧化锌的紫外光电导特性受其表面形貌的影响显著.     

一维纳米氧化锌的制备及光学性质的研究进展

主要综述了近年有关一维ZnO纳米材料的制备方法,如模板法、溶液法、微波法、溶胶-凝胶法等,并肯定了各自的优点.此外,还简单介绍了一维ZnO纳米材料的光学性质如发光本质、p-n结、场致发光及其在发光器件中的应用,进而肯定了该材料未来的发展方向和应用前景.     

Morphology-controlled one-dimensional ZnO nanostructures with customized Ga-doping

Enhanced functionality of the nanostructure-based devices can be achieved by customizing the doping, thereby managing the electrical properties of the nanostructures. We have optimized the synthesis condition of the ZnO nanowires (NWs) using hot-walled pulsed laser deposition (HW-PLD) that features the facilitated kinetic energy control of the laser-ablated particles. The electrical properties of the NWs have been managed by doping control while maintaining the NW morphologies. 1, 3, and 5 wt.% Ga concentration in the NWs is evaluated directly with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and the exciton peak shifts are measured with room temperature photoluminescence (PL) to find the correlation between the concentration and the shifts. n-type Ga-doping status has been verified with low temperature PL to find the donor-bound exciton peaks. As for the morphology diversification, we have acquired both zigzag-shaped NWs and nanohorns using the same HW-PLD.     

Wire versus tube: stability of small one-dimensional ZnO nanostructures

This paper presents first-principles calculations for ultrasmall ZnO one-dimensional nanostructures. The calculations were done on ZnO nanowires and single-walled nanotubes with n atoms per periodic unit, where one periodic unit is made up of two ZnO layers. The calculations show that, for small n, a single-walled nanotube has lower energy than a nanowire. A crossover point near n = 38 is predicted. Vibrations and vibrational entropy of competing structures is discussed.     

Growth and photocatalytic properties of one-dimensional ZnO nanostructures prepared by thermal evaporation

Aligned ZnO nanorods and nanotubes were grown on the silicon substrates by thermal evaporation of high pure zinc powders without any other metal catalyst. The morphology evolution of ZnO nanostructures with prolonged growth time suggested that the growth of the ZnO nanorods and nanotubes follows the vapor–liquid–solid mechanism. ZnO nanoneedle and nanoparticle films were also synthesized by the same way, and their photocatalytic performances were tested for the degradation of organic dye methylene blue. The ZnO nanoneedle films exhibited very high photocatalytic activities. The decomposition kinetics of the organic pollutant was discussed. Moreover, it is found that the ZnO nanoneedle films showed very stable photocatalytic activity.     

一维纳米氧化锌的场发射性能和光学性能研究

采用真空热蒸发法在不同的制备温度下,制备出了准阵列状和阵列状一维纳米ZnO结构。并利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、场发射测试仪、光致发光谱对ZnO纳米材料的结晶质量、形貌及场发射性能进行了分析研究。阵列状纳米氧化锌有较明显的择优生长取向。准阵列状纳米氧化锌的场发射性能优于阵列状纳米氧化锌。并通过对PL谱的对比分析得出,准阵列状纳米结构的结晶质量较好,阵列状纳米结构中存在的缺陷较多。     

Photoluminescence properties of single crystalline ZnO/CdS core/shell one-dimensional nanostructures

ZnO/CdS core/shell one-dimensional nanostructures were synthesized using ZnO nanorod arrays as templates, which were fabricated by a vapor transport process. CdS shells with various thicknesses were epitaxially grown on the ZnO nanorod arrays by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Selected area electron diffraction measurement revealed that both ZnO cores and CdS shells were single crystalline growing along the c-axis. The photoluminescence properties of the ZnO/CdS core/shell nanostructures were also varied with different CdS shell thicknesses. A carrier transition process from ZnO to CdS was assumed to induce the enhancement of CdS photoluminescence.     

溶液生长ZnO一维纳米阵列及其复合纳米结构的研究进展

对溶液生长ZnO一维纳米阵列的研究进展进行了评述,分析了晶种制备和溶液生长过程中各工艺因素对阵列微观形貌的影响,并介绍了在溶液中通过控制定点成核并利用有机基团调控ZnO晶体生长习性的合成路线用于构筑ZnO复合纳米结构的最新研究,指出了溶液生长ZnO一维纳米阵列和构筑复合结构中存在的问题及今后的研究方向.     

One-dimensional ZnO nanostructures

The wide-gap semiconductor ZnO with nanostructures such as nanoparticle, nanorod, nanowire, nanobelt, nanotube has high potential for a variety of applications. This article reviews the fundamentals of one-dimensional ZnO nanostructures, including processing, structure, property, application and their processing-microstructure-property correlation. Various fabrication methods of the ZnO nanostructures including vapor-liquid-solid process, vapor-solid growth, solution growth, solvothermal growth, template-assisted growth and self-assembly are introduced. The characterization and properties of the ZnO nanostructures are described. The possible applications of these nanostructures are also discussed.     

Microstructure and optical properties of Ag-doped ZnO nanostructures prepared by a wet oxidation doping process

Silver-doped zinc oxide (Ag:ZnO) nanostructures were prepared by a facile and efficient wet oxidation method. This method included two steps: metallic Zn thin films mixed with Ag atoms were prepared by magnetron sputtering as the precursors, and then the precursors were oxidized in an O(2) atmosphere with water vapour present to form Ag:ZnO nanostructures. By controlling the oxidation conditions, pure ZnO and Ag:ZnO nanobelts/nanowires with a thickness of ～ 20 nm and length of up to several tens of microns were synthesized. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence and low temperature photoluminescence (PL) measurements were adopted to characterize the microstructure and optical properties of the prepared samples. The results indicated that Ag doping during magnetron sputtering was a feasible method to tune the optical properties of ZnO nanostructures. For the Ag:ZnO nanostructures, the intensity of ultraviolet emission was increased up to three times compared with the pure ones. The detailed PL intensity variation with the increasing temperature is also discussed based on the ionization energy of acceptor in ZnO induced by Ag dopants.     

Growth of one-dimensional polyindole nanostructures

One-dimensional (1D) nanostructured polyindole (Nano-Pind) was synthesized with 10 minutes (Pind-10 m) and 24 hours (Pind-24 h) of polymerization time using a facile chemical oxidative polymerization method. The obtained Nano-Pinds were explored to study the differences in their structural, optical, spectral and conducting properties with regard to the variation in polymerization duration. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) reveal formation of long and smooth surfaced 1D nanostructures of Pind with diameter of approximately 25-125 nm and lengths of several microns. Structural chemical analysis of the Nano-Pinds conducted by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Fluorescence spectroscopic measurements support their formations, thereby indicating Pind-24 h to exhibit sharper and far better resolved spectral profile than that of Pind-10 m. The Nano-Pinds exhibit good blue-light emitting property, and improved Electrical Conductivity (EC) than earlier reported globular Pinds, suggesting their potential applications in nanotechnology, especially in the field of optoelectronics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on 1D nanostructures of Pind.     

Novel fabrication method of diverse one-dimensional Pt/ZnO hybrid nanostructures and its sensor application

A novel low-temperature, solution-phase method for the facile fabrication of a variety of one-dimensional (1D) metal/metal oxide hybrid nanostructures has been developed. This method is based on the wet chemical synthesis of metal oxide nanowires, followed by the surface coating of metal nanoparticles on metal oxide nanowire templates via reduction of metal ions along with controlled etching of metal oxide nanowires at the core, all in a low-temperature liquid environment. As a proof-of-concept, we applied this method to the fabrication of various 1D Pt/ZnO hybrid nanostructures including Pt nanoparticle-coated ZnO nanowires/nanotubes and Pt nanotubes on silicon and polymer substrates. The diverse morphology tuning is attributed to the control of pH in the solution with different metal precursor concentrations and amounts of reducing agent. The change of morphology, crystalline structure, and composition of various 1D Pt/ZnO hybrid nanostructures was observed by SEM, TEM (HRTEM), XRD and ICP-AES, respectively. Further, we have demonstrated a highly sensitive strain sensor (gauge factor = 15) with a Pt nanotube film fabricated by the developed method on a flexible polymer substrate.