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生物可降解聚乳酸骨科材料研究进展 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
在骨外科中,聚乳酸中已成为十分重要的生物可降解高分子材料,用作为固定器材,骨诱生支撑体和药物控制缓释材料,本文树其研究进展作了综合评述,对存在问题也进行了一些讨论。 相似文献
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可降解聚乳酸/淀粉共混复合材料的研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
将聚乳酸与淀粉共混是一种简单易行的好方法,可以得到完全降解的复合材料.综述了聚乳酸/淀粉共混体系的研究进展,分析了淀粉种类、相成分接枝改性、增容剂等因素对共混体系的机械性能、热性能和微观形态的影响,展望了聚乳酸/淀粉共混复合材料今后的发展方向. 相似文献
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以聚乳酸(PLA)和骨粉为原料,利用超声波分散技术,采用溶液共混法制备PLA/骨粉杂化材料。通过FT-IR,DSC,SEM等测试手段对相关产物进行表征。结果显示,骨粉在PLA基质中分散均匀,与PLA基质间以氢键结合,相容性良好。与PLA相比,PLA/骨粉的耐温性能明显提高。杂化材料在37℃的生理盐水中的降解试验结果表明,PLA/骨粉杂化材料降解12周后,呈三维立体支架结构,利于血管及骨细胞黏附长入。此外,由于骨粉的引入,使PLA降解的酸性产物在一定的程度上得到中和,可以减小因PLA酸性过高引发的炎症反应,便于细胞增殖和组织修复。 相似文献
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探讨了应用热重分析(TGA)和差热分析(DSC)技术区分常用的几种尼龙材料并进行质量监控的可行性。测定了常用的尼龙6、尼龙66和尼龙1010三种材料的熔融和热分解温度,发现三者的热分解温度具有很好的相似性,而材料熔融范围存在明显的差别,从而确定应用热分析技术对其进行定性分析是可行的。 相似文献
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热重分析对高分子材料中碳酸钙的定量研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
碳酸钙是高分子材料中常用的无机填料,在高温时会同二氧化碳而失重。利用热重分析可准确定出高分子材料中碳酸钙的含量,同时还可测出聚合物,挥发物的含量,热重分析法样品用量小,灵敏度高,所需时间短。 相似文献
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简明论述了在金属材料研究中,应用热分析技术来建立合金相图及开展对铝合金的研究、钢的转变曲线、有序-无序的研究及测定钢在加热或冷却过程中的组织转变等。 相似文献
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以纳米碳酸钙(Nano-CaCO_3)和聚乳酸(PLA)为原料,马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE-g-MA)为增容剂,利用熔融挤出热拉-骤冷工艺制备了一系列Nano-CaCO_3/PLA复合材料。分别采用SEM、DSC、TG、毛细管流变仪(CR)和万能实验机研究了Nano-CaCO_3/PLA复合材料的界面相容性、热性能、流变性能与力学性能。结果表明:与纯PLA相比,当Nano-CaCO_3含量达到15wt%,Nano-CaCO_3/PLA复合材料团聚现象明显,其结晶度、最大热分解温度与拉伸强度分别下降1.9%、15.5℃与28.2%,弯曲强度和断裂伸长率分别提高37.5%和29.3%,而相应添加4wt%POE-g-MA增容剂的Nano-CaCO_3/PLA复合材料分散形态得到改善,其结晶度和拉伸强度分别下降4.2%和25.2%;最大热分解温度、弯曲强度和断裂伸长率分别提高5.8℃、25.3%和174.4%;同时POE-g-MA增加了Nano-CaCO_3/PLA复合材料的剪切黏度。 相似文献
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Do Van CongThai Hoang Nguyen Vu GiangNguyen Thu Ha Tran Dai Lam Masao Sumita 《Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications》2012,32(3):558-563
Poly lactic acid (PLA) has attracted a lot of attention in recent years because of its good properties such as high transparency, high tensile strength and excellent biodegradability. However, high modulus and low strain are its shortage, making it unfeasible to be applied as packaging materials. To overcome this limitation, in this study, PLA is mixed with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). The morphological, thermal and mechanical properties of the enzymatically degraded PLA/EVA blends were fully investigated under agricultural soil of Red River Delta, Vietnam. It was demonstrated that some new strains were responsible for the biodegradation of PLA/EVA. To best of our knowledge, these strains were not reported in the literature up to now. 相似文献
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亚麻纤维增强聚乳酸可降解复合材料的制备与性能 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
将制浆造纸用亚麻短纤维与聚乳酸(PLA)熔融共混,用注塑方法成型亚麻纤维/聚乳酸复合材料试样。通过差示扫描量热实验(DSC)、动态力学性能测试(DMA)、热重分析(TGA)和力学性能测试等方法,研究了聚乳酸和亚麻纤维在不同质量配比下,复合材料热性能、动态力学性能和力学性能的变化规律。随着亚麻纤维的加入,复合材料的结晶度增大,热稳定性增强,储能模量得到提高,力学性能也有了明显变化:纤维含量为20%时,拉伸强度为45.88 MPa,比纯PLA的增加了21%;同时,弯曲模量的增幅达到30%。 相似文献
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The processing strategy adopted to develop biocomposites plays a significant role in determining their characteristics. The present experimental investigation explores the feasibility of using direct-injection molding (D-IM) process for processing of sisal fiber (3?mm and 8?mm) reinforced poly-lactic acid biocomposites with a fiber weight fraction of 30%. For a comparative analysis, mechanical and morphological behavior of biocomposites developed using D-IM process is compared with biocomposites developed using extrusion-injection molding (E-IM) process. The mechanical behavior in terms of tensile, flexural and impact properties is compared and discussed in relation to extracted fiber morphology and fiber orientation as well as dispersion within the developed biocomposites. Morphological investigation of extracted fibers revealed severe fiber attrition and fiber length variation during E-IM process as compared with D-IM process. However, short sisal fiber (3?mm) reinforced biocomposites developed using both the processes exhibit uniform fiber dispersion and orientation, resulting in comparable mechanical properties. The tensile and flexural strength of D-IM-SF biocomposites increased remarkably by 34.7% and 15.9%, respectively, as compared with D-IM-LF biocomposites. Similarly, the tensile and flexural modulus of D-IM-SF biocomposites increased significantly by 92.5% and 56.7%, respectively, as compared with D-IM-LF biocomposites. However, D-IM process incorporating long fibers exhibit better impact properties. 相似文献
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为改善聚乳酸(PLA)的结晶性能,分别以PLA和表面包覆纳米SiO_2并接枝硅烷偶联剂的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为基体和改性剂,经溶液共混法制备PLA/MWCNTs复合材料.分别利用POM和DSC研究复合材料等温结晶、非等温结晶和冷结晶的球晶形态、结晶和熔融行为.研究结果表明:PLA/MWCNTs复合材料结晶和熔融行为强烈依赖于受热历史和改性MWCNTs含量;PLA/MWCNTs复合材料冷结晶时结晶度最高,球晶尺寸最小且熔点最低;1℃/min降温结晶时球晶尺寸最大,且熔点最高;降温速率越快,复合材料的起始结晶温度、结晶焓和结晶度越低.改性MWCNTs可作为PLA的异相成核剂,改善复合材料的结晶、熔融行为和球晶尺寸,其最佳用量为0.3%. 相似文献
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为探讨生物质资源改善复合材料的界面及综合性能的可行性,以木纤维(WF)为基体,聚乳酸(PLA)为增强体,添加氧化改性木质素磺酸铵(OMAL),采用高速混合-平板热压工艺制备环境友好型OMAL-PLA/WF复合材料。研究了OMAL对OMAL-PLA/WF复合材料力学和热性能的影响。结果表明:在WF与PLA质量比为7∶3的复合体系中,OMAL对提高OMAL-PLA/WF复合材料的静曲强度、弹性模量以及内结合强度具有促进作用。OMAL添加量为15wt%~20wt%时,OMAL-PLA/WF复合材料的力学性能最好;当OMAL添加量为20wt%时,与PLA/WF对照样相比,OMAL-PLA/WF复合材料的热分解起始温度降低45℃,热分解速率特征峰温度提前107℃,残渣量增加5.3%,玻璃化转变温度、冷结晶温度和熔融温度均向低温方向移动,储能模量和损耗角正切值增大,玻璃态阶段的热稳定温度范围提高约20℃。 相似文献
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T. Makino 《International Journal of Thermophysics》1990,11(2):339-352
This paper reviews the recent advances in our spectroscopic research on radiation properties and characteristics of solid and liquid materials, from thermal engineering point of view. The topics discussed are optical constants of metallic materials, radiation characteristics of the real surfaces in actual industrial environments, those of semi-transparent scattering-absorbing media, and those of human body and environmental surfaces of human living space. The review also includes the algorithm for radiation pyrometry and the demand for radiation data of new materials and for new engineering techniques. It is concluded that the development of engineering models is important for the systematic research of the complicated radiation phenomena and that generation and compilation of pertinent data are necessary.Paper presented at the Second U.S.-Japan Joint Seminar on Thermophysical Properties, June 23, 1988, Gaithersburg, Maryland, U.S.A. 相似文献
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用超临界CO2法制备聚乳酸三维多孔支架材料 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在超临界CO2(SC—CO2)条件下制备了生物相容性良好的聚乳酸(PLA)多孔材料,研究了PLA的分子量、SC—CO2的压力、温度和处理时间对多孔材料的结构形态、孔隙率和玻璃化温度的影响。结果表明:支架材料的孔洞分布、结构形态和孔隙率不仅与聚乳酸的分子量有关,而且与处理样品的压力、温度和时间关系密切;经超临界CO2处理后材料的玻璃化温度(Tg)有所升高,与传统的方法所制得的材料相比较,多孔材料不仅杂质少,孔径孔率分布均匀,孔洞表面粗糙,而且在大孔之间几乎布满了直径为10—20μm的微孔,该结构提供了营养物质和新陈代谢的通道,且细胞和生长因子也能通过。 相似文献