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奥氏体抗菌不锈钢的微观组织及抗菌性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
含Cu奥氏体抗菌不锈钢经特殊的抗菌热处理析出ε—Cu相,采用覆膜法研究其抗菌性能。实验结果表明:奥氏体抗菌不锈钢易于杀灭大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌;杀灭鼠伤寒杆菌需要一定时间;杀灭白色念株菌需要较长时间。这与细菌的细胞壁组织结构、细胞壁厚度及其属性有关。抗菌不锈钢对细胞壁较薄、肽聚糖含量较低、组织疏松、金属离子易穿透细胞壁的细菌易于杀灭;反之,细菌不易于杀灭。随着抗菌作用时间的延长,溶液中铜离子浓度的提高,抗菌不锈钢的杀菌效力显著提高。奥氏体抗菌不锈钢经表面打磨或磨损仍然具有同样的抗菌性能。 相似文献
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时效处理对含铜马氏体抗菌不锈钢抗菌性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用覆膜法研究了时效温度和时效时间对含铜马氏体不锈钢抗菌性能的影响,结果表明当不锈钢经过500℃时效处理时就表现出明显的抗菌性能;当时效温度升高至700℃时不锈钢对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌率达到99.9%以上,表现出优秀的抗菌性能。 相似文献
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铜离子注入AISI 304不锈钢的抗菌性能研究 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7
铜离子由金属蒸汽真空弧(MEVVA)离子注入机引出注入AISI 304不锈钢,采用100keV的能量、(1.0~8.0)×1017ions/cm2的注入剂量。抗菌实验结果表明,铜离子注入试样具有良好的抗大肠杆菌的效果,抗菌处理使得试样具有优良的抗大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的效果,且注入量接近饱和注入量时,样品具有最佳的抗菌性能。用小掠射角X射线衍射(GXRD)和透射电镜(TEM)分析了注入层相组成和微观组织,结果表明铜离子注入样品经特殊抗菌处理后,注入层生成了细小分散的富铜相,析出的富铜相使得试样具有优良的抗菌效果。 相似文献
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载铜锌纳米羟基磷灰石的抗菌性能及机理研究 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
在常压下合成了纳米羟基磷灰石(n—HA)浆料,并在水介质中制备了载铜、载锌和载铜锌双离子n—HA抗菌材料.运用原子吸收光谱(AAS)、转靶X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)等手段对材料的理化性能进行了表征.并对该抗菌材料的抗菌性能进行了研究.结果表明,载铜和载铜锌双离子n—HA抗菌材料对革兰氏阴性菌E.coil和革兰氏阳性菌S.aureus均有较强的抑制和杀灭作用,而载锌n—HA的抗菌能力较弱.本文还通过实验探讨了该抗菌材料的抗菌机理. 相似文献
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常温下赋予不锈钢抗菌性能的实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以AgNO3为主要原料制备了含有Ag^ 的冷敷液,在常温条件下,采用将冷敷液涂抹在不锈钢表面上或将不锈钢浸入冷敷液中的方法,制备了出表面含有抗菌Ag^ 离子的新型抗菌不锈钢。用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和原子吸收光谱(AAS)进行表征,表征结果表明,不锈钢表面形成一层含有柠檬酸银和过氧化银的薄膜,Ag^ 还渗透到不锈钢的内部。还对此材料的的抗菌性能进行了奎因实验,实验结果显示,抗菌不锈钢在接种金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌后培养24h后,不锈钢表面的菌落数均为0。 相似文献
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Super304H奥氏体耐热钢微观组织研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为了深入认识新型奥氏体耐热钢Super304H(0.1C-18Cr-9Ni-3Cu-Nb,N)的微观组织,利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、电子探针和X射线衍射等手段,研究了Super304H钢合金元素的分布和析出相的组成及分布形态.试验结果表明,Super304H钢在供货状态下的显微组织由γ-基体和析出相组成.与传统的18-8不锈钢相比,这种奥氏体钢晶粒均匀细小,晶粒尺寸约46μm.析出相主要由Nb(C,N)和富铜相组成,Nb(C,N)有呈方向性分布的条块状和呈弥散分布的细小颗粒状两种形态,条块状的Nb(C,N)是软化过程中残留下来的,而弥散分布的是固溶处理及冷却过程中析出形成的.其中弥散分布的Nb(C,N)与富铜相对细化晶粒和改善钢的高温强度起重要作用,而多种复合强化机制使得Super304H钢具有优异的高温性能. 相似文献
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Retained austenite may play a role in the hydrogen embrittlement process because austenite has much higher hydrogen solubility than martensite has. The effect of the retained austenite on hydrogen cracking was investigated by tensile testing of standard round bar specimens that had been heat treated in order to achieve different levels of retained austenite. A significant effect of the retained austenite was observed. Samples with high amounts of retained austenite experienced a much higher reduction in ductility after hydrogen charging than samples with low amounts of retained austenite. In order to explain this effect, the hydrogen solubility of samples containing different levels of austenite and precipitates was measured. This was achieved by charging the samples to saturation in an electrolyte and performing hydrogen analysis. 相似文献
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In the as-quenched state, 13%Cr-4%Ni martensitic stainless steels are essentially 100% martensitic. However, a certain amount of austenite is formed during the tempering of this alloy. This reformed austenite is thermally stable at room temperature but can transform to martensite under stress. This transformation is known to happen during impact testing but it has never been established if it occurs during fatigue crack propagation. This study presents the results of X-ray diffraction measurements of reformed austenite before and after crack growth testing. It has been found that reformed austenite does transform to martensite at the crack tip and that this transformation occurs even at a low stress intensity factor. Low-cycle fatigue tests were conducted to verify austenite transformation under cyclic straining. It was found that reformed austenite transforms only partially during the first strain reversal but that essentially all austenite has disappeared after 100 cycles. The relation between austenite transformation under low-cycle fatigue and its transformation during crack growth is also discussed. 相似文献
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为了明确盐酸基酸洗液对含Cu抗菌不锈钢表面氧化层的酸洗行为,采用正交试验法研究以盐酸为基础,Fe~(3+)、H_2O_2和HNO_3为氧化剂的304Cu抗菌不锈钢酸洗工艺.并运用扫描电镜、透射电镜及电化学等手段分析经最佳配方酸洗后试样的表面形貌、成分及酸洗机理.结果表明:最佳酸洗工艺配方为HCl(36%~38%)120 ml/L、H_2O_2(30%)80 ml/L、FeCl_3·6H_2O 20g/L、HNO_310 ml/L,酸洗温度30℃,酸洗时间15 min.经该配方酸洗后材料表面平整度和光亮度较好,具有抗菌性能的点状ε-Cu相在基体上弥散分布.材料经酸洗去除氧化层后,仍具有足够含量的抗菌元素Cu存在.酸洗脱除氧化层过程由电荷传递过程控制,该酸洗液对不锈钢具有孔蚀诱导性,酸洗时间不宜过长. 相似文献