取向电磁钢板一次再结晶晶粒度的控制及其对磁性能的影响#br#

取向电磁钢板板坯低温加热技术，是在脱碳退火后，采用渗N方法形成抑制剂(Al，Si)N，尽管主要抑制剂在后天形成，但是前期热轧板常化退火析出的AlN也极为重要，该微细的AlN在一次再结晶退火中能使晶粒度适中，晶粒方位趋于一致。尽管热轧板\[N\]含量变动，选择适当的常化退火的一次冷却速度，就可以较好地调整一次再结晶晶粒度，从而获得高磁感取向电磁钢板。     

低温高磁感取向硅钢连铸与均热过程AlN与MnS析出的热力学

针对薄板坯连铸连轧流程结合"获得抑制剂法"所制备的低温高磁感取向硅钢,通过热力学计算研究了AlN与MnS在连铸与均热过程中的析出规律与行为。计算结果表明,连铸过程中AlN在凝固后的高温α相中便可能析出,而MnS仅可能在凝固后的α+γ两相区内析出。钢中AlN与MnS在均热过程中均处于部分固溶与部分析出的状态。后续高温渗氮处理后初次晶粒的异常长大并不明显,表明渗氮处理前钢中固有抑制剂的数量相对充足。     

高效电机用无取向硅钢退火板组织和析出物研究

研究了组织和析出物对高效电机用无取向硅钢退火板磁性能的影响.结果表明:随着退火温度升高,退火板平均晶粒尺寸增加,P15/50明显降低,B50略有升高.退火温度在1 000℃时,退火板的综合性能较好.析出物主要是AlN、(MnS+ AlN)和(MnS+ Al203)复合析出物,尺寸较粗大,主要集中在1.0～2.5 μm,...     

急冷条件下Nb对高磁感取向硅钢中抑制剂析出行为的影响

以工业高磁感取向硅钢的化学成分为基础,采用真空感应炉冶炼了两炉试验钢,其中-炉为基体钢未添加微合金元素作为对比钢,另-炉钢中添加了微合金元素Nb以形成新型抑制剂.采用石英管直接伸入钢水吸取少量钢水后迅速插入水中进行急冷.电子显微镜的分析结果表明,试样中的大型夹杂物为MnS与Al2O3,和/或Mgo的复合物.基体钢以及Nb微合金化试验钢急冷样品中都弥散分布着细小的析出物,这些细小析出物的直径约为几个纳米.Nb微合金化的高磁感取向硅钢中,不仅有Mns和AlN的细小析出物,还有大量细小的Nb(C,N)析出颗粒.采用Nb微合金化有望降低取向硅钢的板坯加热温度,还可能会进-步增强抑制剂的抑制效果.     

薄板坯连铸连轧流程试制含钒钛取向硅钢中氮化物析出相

通过热力学计算与模拟试验研究了含钒钛取向硅钢中氮化物析出相的析出规律与析出行为,并探讨了含钒钛元素的氮化物析出相作为薄板坯连铸连轧流程制备取向硅钢中辅助抑制剂的可行性.研究表明,在所冶炼的含钒钛取向硅钢的成分范围内,TiN在钢液凝固末期便具备析出的热力学条件,而AlN与VN只可能在凝固后的α+γ或α+Fe₃C两相区内析出.含钒钛取向硅钢中氮化物析出相以成分复杂的复合析出相为主,且随着钒钛加入量的增加,钢中抑制剂析出相总的分布密度由于含钒钛元素的氮化物析出相的增加而明显提高,使抑制剂抑制初次再结晶晶粒正常长大的能力得以加强,最终成品的磁感应强度值B₈由1.857 T提升至1.898 T.同时,加入不高于0.007%的Ti与不高于0.005%的V不会影响中间脱碳退火工序的脱碳效果以及高温退火净化阶段硫、氮的脱除效果,其形成的含钒钛元素的纳米级氮化物析出相适合作为薄板坯连铸连轧流程制备取向硅钢的辅助抑制剂.      

知识问答

<正>取向硅钢怎样进行高温退火?答:取向硅钢涂MgO隔离层后进行高温退火,是获得低铁损、高磁感应强度的重要环节。a.高温退火的目的。a)在升温过程中完成二次再结晶。b)在升温过程中形成良好的玻璃质硅酸镁薄膜(底层)。c)净化钢质。b.高温退火工艺。高温退火分为4个阶段。a)去除MgO中的化合水阶段。b)发展二次再结晶阶段。c)高温保温阶段。d)硅酸镁薄膜形成阶段。     

酸溶铝含量对取向硅钢常化抑制剂析出的影响

以工业0.27 mm规格高磁感取向硅钢为研究对象,研究了酸溶铝(Als)含量对常化板析出物析出行为的影响.结果表明:常化板中的析岀物主要是AlN与MnS和AlN的复合析出物,随着Als含量的升高,析出物数量增加,但析出物平均尺寸变化不大.常化板中粗大的析出物大多是复合析出物,且多是以MnS为核心,AlN在MnS表面析出,而常化板中细小的析出物多为单一的析出物.常化冷却阶段,由于过饱和的Al和N在珠光体区域附近更多地析出,常化板珠光体区域附近存在较多细小的AlN粒子.     

高磁感取向硅钢中的抑制剂

结合高磁感取向硅钢的生产工艺和技术发展趋势,对板坯高温、中温和低温加热工艺中的抑制剂进行了论述和分析。MnS和AlN是高温加热工艺的主要抑制剂。对于中温加热工艺则主要利用AlN为主要抑制剂,Cu2S和MnS作为辅助抑制剂。低温板坯加热工艺中所采用的抑制剂主要为AlN,其工艺手段就是在发生二次再结晶之前进行渗氮处理。Nb(C,N)有可能成为低温板坯加热工艺一种新型抑制剂。     

采用低温板坯加热工艺生产的取向硅钢中抑制剂的研究

 对采用低温板坯加热工艺生产的取向硅钢的抑制剂析出行为进行了研究,试验结果表明,本工艺的抑制剂是在热轧阶段开始弥散析出的,热轧板、脱碳退火板和回复板析出相的抑制能力呈递增趋势。抑制剂以Cu2S为主,还有一定量的（Cu,Mn）S、Cu2S+AlN等复合析出相,AlN不起抑制剂作用。     

取向硅钢热力学平衡析出相的计算和分析

为了提高取向硅钢磁性能的稳定性,采用Thermo-Calc软件系统分析了取向硅钢基本合金元素C、Si、Mn、S、Al、N对γ相的转变温度、最大含量、最大含量对应温度,AlN和MnS固溶析出转变温度以及最大析出量的影响。计算结果表明：C含量增加,γ相的转变温度升高、最大含量增加、最大含量对应的温度也升高;Si含量增加,γ相的转变温度降低、最大含量减少、最大含量对应的温度降低;MnS相最大析出量主要受S含量的影响;AlN相最大析出量随N含量增加而大幅增加。     

Characteristics of AlN inclusions in low carbon Fe–Mn–Si–Al TWIP steel produced by AOD-ESR method

Argon oxygen decarburisation–electroslag remelting (AOD-ESR) process has been well used to produce the Fe–Mn–Si–Al twinning induced plasticity steel (TWIP) steels. The characteristics of AlN inclusions formed in TWIP steels after AOD refining, ESR and forging process were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry. An automated program called ‘INCAFeature’ was used to collect statistics of inclusion characteristics. Great differences on the amount, distribution and morphologies of AlN inclusions were observed in AOD ingots, ESR ingots and forgings. The dominating inclusions in AOD ingots are mainly single Al(O)N and MnS(Se)–Al(O)N aggregate, accounting for 66.7% of the total inclusions. After the ESR process, AlN inclusions in all size range significantly decreased, which were rarely observed in ESR ingots. Thermodynamic calculations show that AlN inclusions can precipitate in the liquid Fe–Mn–Si–Al TWIP steels, which is different from the viewpoint of literatures that the precipitation of AlN inclusions took place at solidifying front or solid phase. Furthermore, the thermodynamic calculation result has been verified by high temperature laser scanning confocal microscope experiments.     

消应力退火对无取向硅钢组织和磁性能的影响

采用连续退火和井式退火两种消应力退火工艺生产35SW440牌号的爱泼斯坦方圈样,并对不同消应力退火工艺与组织、析出及磁性能之间的关系进行了比较研究。结果表明：一次退火板经消应力退火后铁损明显降低,磁感增加。与井式退火工艺相比,连续退火工艺生产的铁心在高磁密条件下磁性能较差,主要原因是带钢表面出现了明显的表面渗氮现象。表面渗氮源于其保护气氛、退火工艺设计不合理,形成大量细小弥散的AlN析出物。AlN析出物通过影响磁畴壁和磁矩运动,恶化磁性能。井式退火工艺由于有效控制了带钢表面渗氮,显著降低了电工钢片高磁密下铁损值,使成品铁心性能指标得到改善。     

The kinetics of the internal nitriding of Fe-2 at. pct Al alloy

The kinetics of the precipitation of aluminum nitride on internal nitriding the Fe-2 at. pct Al alloy was investigated for cold-rolled and recrystallized specimens exhibiting “ideally weak” interaction behavior of the solutes Al and N. The kinetic analysis was performed using mass-increase data obtained for thin foils (thickness ⪯0.1 mm) upon nitriding in a NH₃/H₂ gas mixture at temperatures in the range 803 to 853 K. Activation-energy analysis revealed that precipitation of AlN in the recrystallized specimens is associated with a Gibbs free energy barrier for the formation of a precipitate of critical size; the precipitation rate is controlled by both nucleation and growth. On the other hand, precipitation of AlN in the cold-rolled specimens occurs without a Gibbs free energy barrier for formation of a precipitate of critical size; the precipitation rate is controlled by growth with kinetics governed by volume diffusion of alu-minum. Analysis of the total Gibbs free energy of formation of AlN in the α-Fe matrix showed that in the case of the recrystallized specimens, the formation of incoherent AlN precipitates with a hexagonal crystal structure is favored. In the case of the cold-rolled specimens, containing a high dislocation density, the formation of coherent AlN precipitates with cubic crystal structure is favored, at least in the beginning of precipitation.     

Physicochemical Investigation of the Reaction of Components of the Si — Al — O — N — Ti System in the Si3N4 — Al2O3 — AlN — SiO2 — TiN — TiO2 Region. Part 2. Subsystems Si3N4 — AlN,TiN — AlN,Al2O3 — AlN

The reaction of components of the Si — Al — O — N — Ti system in its elements Si ₃N₄ — AlN, TiN — AlN, and Al ₂O ₃ — AlN was investigated by differential thermal and x-ray diffraction analysis. It was established that upon hot pressing mixtures of Si₃N ₄ and AlN (up to 1950°C) free silicon is formed by the decomposition of Si ₃N₄, which reacts with oxygen present as an impurity to form SiO. When TiN reacts with AlN a phase with the spinel structure (Al₂₃O ₂₇N ₅), which can form only in the presence of excess oxygen, appears in addition to the initial components. Spinel is also produced by the reaction of Al ₂O₃ with AlN. In this case a eutectic between Al ₂₃O₂₇N₅ and Al₂O₃ is observed.     

取向硅钢高温退火时内氧化层与MgO反应过程研究

对取向硅钢高温退火工艺进行实验室模拟,采用聚焦离子束显微镜（FIB）观察了氧化层中二氧化硅和氧化镁反应的微观形貌演变过程,采用能谱仪（EDS）分析了试样截面近表层Mg、Al、Si等元素的分布规律,最后采用透射电镜（TEM）分析了对成品试样硅酸镁底层的结构特征。结果表明：（1）Mg离子的扩散速度是影响硅酸镁底层反应的主要因素;（2）Mg离子最初沿着二氧化硅颗粒与铁基体之间的界面扩散,逐渐将二氧化硅颗粒包覆;随着温度的进一步升高,Mg离子开始向二氧化硅颗粒内部扩散,并与之反应;（3）随着温度的升高,特别是在AlN分解后,钢基中的Al会逐渐将钉扎部位的硅酸镁（Mg2SiO4）完全转化成为镁铝尖晶石（MgO·Al2O3）。     

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The precipitation behavior of MnS and AlN in low-temperature high magnetic induction grain-oriented silicon steel produced by thin slab casting and rolling process with ??acquired inhibitor method?? during continuous casting and soaking was studied by thermodynamic calculation. The calculated results show that AlN is likely to precipitate in ferrite after solidification. However, MnS can precipitate only in the two phase region of ferrite and austenite. Meanwhile, MnS and AlN in the steel can not be completely dissolved during the soaking stage. In addition, the abnormal growth of primary grain is not obvious after high-temperature nitriding, which indicates the number of inherent inhibitor in the steel is relatively sufficient before nitriding.     

高磁感取向硅钢常化处理过程中氮化物的沉淀

研究结果表明,采用两段式常化工艺,不仅使高磁感取向硅钢（Ｈｉ－Ｂ钢）热轧时产生的大量Ｓｉ３Ｎ４及少量氮化铁等较完全溶解,而且在中温等温及冷却阶段,可以使大量ＡｌＮ较弥散地析出,从而抑制初次晶粒正常长大以提高Ｈｉ－Ｂ钢的磁性能。     

Study of the mechanism and regularities of nitriding the complex ferrosilicoaluminum ferroalloy in the SHS mode

The results of an investigation into the mechanism of nitriding the ferrosilicoaluminum complex alloy under isothermal and nonisothermal conditions are presented. It is shown that the nitriding process of ferrosilicoaluminum is complex and multistage. It is established that, when nitriding the ferroalloy, the primary product is AlN; then Si₃N₄ is synthesized and Si₃N₄-based solid solutions are formed. The influence of the main parameters of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis on the velocity and degree of nitriding the ferrosilicoaluminum alloy is investigated. Critical parameters of the combustion process are revealed.     

冷轧冲压用钢SPHC热轧工艺研究

SPHC作为冷轧冲压用钢的原料,要求良好的冲压成型性,拉伸和弯曲性能以及较低的屈服强度,主要通过控制AlN在热轧过程中的固溶和析出,在随后的退火再结晶过程中促进γ纤维织构(<111>∥ND)的发展从而获得良好的冲压性能。退火工艺不同,热轧工艺也有所不同,对罩式退火,采用"三高一低"温度制度,对于连续退火,则采取低温加热、高温终轧以及高温卷取的工艺制度。     

Al2O3/AlTiC/ZrO2/透辉石陶瓷材料的力学性能及微观结构

将金属Al、Al3Ti和TiC以AlTiC中间合金的形式以及ZrO2颗粒共同引入Al2O3基体材料中,热压制备了Al2O3/TiC/ZrO2/AlN复合材料.在此基础上,添加(体积分数)1%透辉石作为烧结助剂,以实现复合材料的液相烧结并促进其致密化程度.复合材料在烧结过程中有新相AlN生成;同时Al、TiC以及Al3Ti释放的Ti原子发生原子重组生成Al2Ti4C.对热压后材料的硬度、断裂韧度和抗弯强度进行了测试和分析;探讨了透辉石对材料致密化程度及力学性能的影响效果;研究了复合材料断面断裂方式的变化对其力学性能的影响;并对AlTiC中间合金的细化特性进行了分析.