电动汽车绝缘电阻在线监测系统的研究

研制了通过测量电动汽车直流系统正负母线对电底盘的电压来实时监测绝缘状况的监测系统。对影响测量结果精度的主要因素进行了相应的分析，并提出了提高精度的措施。系统具有较强的抗干扰能力和较高的测量精度，对故障情况可以及时报警，能够实时监测电动汽车的绝缘性能。     

电动汽车电气绝缘检测方法的研究

提出用绝缘电阻描述电动汽车高压电气系统的绝缘性能。在高压电源输出端建立包括绝缘电阻在内的阻抗网络,描述了绝缘电阻与电源电压,漏电电流之间的定量关系。在此基础上,开发了基于单片机的检测系统,对绝缘电阻进行实时、定量的检测。     

Intelligent vehicle electrical power supply system with central coordinated protection

The current research of vehicle electrical power supply system mainly focuses on electric vehicles (EV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). The vehicle electrical power supply system used in traditional fuel vehicles is rather simple and imperfect;electrical/electronic devices (EEDs) applied in vehicles are usually directly connected with the vehicle’s battery. With increasing numbers of EEDs being applied in traditional fuel vehicles, vehicle electrical power supply systems should be optimized and improved so that they can work more safely and more effectively. In this paper, a new vehicle electrical power supply system for traditional fuel vehicles, which accounts for all electrical/electronic devices and complex work conditions, is proposed based on a smart electrical/electronic device (SEED) system. Working as an independent intelligent electrical power supply network, the proposed system is isolated from the electrical control module and communication network, and access to the vehicle system is made through a bus interface. This results in a clean controller power supply with no electromagnetic interference. A new practical battery state of charge (SoC) estimation method is also proposed to achieve more accurate SoC estimation for lead-acid batteries in traditional fuel vehicles so that the intelligent power system can monitor the status of the battery for an over-current state in each power channel. Optimized protection methods are also used to ensure power supply safety. Experiments and tests on a traditional fuel vehicle are performed, and the results reveal that the battery SoC is calculated quickly and sufficiently accurately for battery over-discharge protection. Over-current protection is achieved, and the entire vehicle’s power utilization is optimized. For traditional fuel vehicles, the proposed vehicle electrical power supply system is comprehensive and has a unified system architecture, enhancing system reliability and security.     

逆变电阻点焊多参数单片机测试系统

针对传统的点焊监测与控制系统参数单一的缺点，研制了一种点焊电压、电流实时检测系统。通过合理、简单、可靠的硬件电路及软件计算实现了对点焊电流、电极间电压、能量和焊接时间等参数的数据采集和处理。     

电流输入电动汽车电池等效电路模型的比较

基于电动汽车系统仿真的研究需要,提出两个非线性等效电路电池模型：GNL模型和CR模型。为了评价两个模型的性能,以320单体串联的80 Ah镍氢电池组为研究对象,基于同一组复合脉冲试验数据,应用多元线性回归方法同时辨识Rint模型、Thevenin模型、PNGV模型、GNL模型和CR模型的参数,进而建立各等效电路模型基于MATLAB/Simulink的电流输入仿真模型,使用26.67 A恒流放电和FUDS工况试验数据来验证模型精 度。模型计算结果与试验数据的误差表明,电流输入等效电路模型中,PNGV模型和GNL模型更适用于电动汽车仿真,GNL模型具有更好的精度。     

T–S fuzzy model predictive speed control of electrical vehicles

This paper proposes a novel nonlinear model predictive controller (MPC) in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The proposed MPC is based on Takagi–Sugeno (TS) fuzzy model, a non-parallel distributed compensation (non-PDC) fuzzy controller and a non-quadratic Lyapunov function (NQLF). Utilizing the non-PDC controller together with the Lyapunov theorem guarantees the stabilization issue of this MPC. In this approach, at each sampling time a quadratic cost function with an infinite prediction and control horizon is minimized such that constraints on the control input Euclidean norm are satisfied. To show the merits of the proposed approach, a nonlinear electric vehicle (EV) system with parameter uncertainty is considered as a case study. Indeed, the main goal of this study is to force the speed of EV to track a desired value. The experimental data, a new European driving cycle (NEDC), is used in order to examine the performance of the proposed controller. First, the equivalent TS model of the original nonlinear system is derived. After that, in order to evaluate the proficiency of the proposed controller, the achieved results of the proposed approach are compared with those of the conventional MPC controller and the optimal Fuzzy PI controller (OFPI), which are the latest research on the problem in hand.     

[分布式驱动电动汽车动力学控制]基于转矩协调分配的分布式驱动电动汽车稳定性控制

A hierarchical vehicle-stability-control method was presented based on the longitudinal force distribution optimization for the handling and stability control of the distributed-driven electric vehicles. The eight-degree-freedom vehicle models and the three-layer control systems were developed. By selecting the sideslip angle and the yaw rate as the state variables and introducting the virtual control to decouple two control variables,  the integral 2-DOF vehicle models were adopted to calculate the equivalent yaw moments for the vehicle stability in upper controllers. The linear quadratic regulator （LQR） method was utilized to optimize the distribution of the front and rear steering angles and the tire longitudinal forces in middle controllers. The sliding-mode-based slip controller in the lower layer was also designed to reallocate the wheel torques. Simulation results show that the control system may make full use of the adhesion potential of the tire under high speed and extreme conditions, realize the coordinated distribution of wheel torques and improve the steering stability of the vehicles. When the actuators fail, the system may reconstruct effectively and realize the reallocation of control inputs to improve the safety of the vehicles.     

电动汽车电池包单点及多点绝缘模型及检测方法

总结了电池包整包及内部多点（单点）漏电模型和检测方法。针对电动汽车,投入应用的方法用于检测整包绝缘电阻,不考虑包内漏电,应用中误差较大;考虑内部漏电的模型只适用于理想情况,未见工程应用,包括单点漏电模型和最大漏电流模型等。煤矿机电领域的I法测量电池包内所有单体电池绝缘电阻的并联值,其结果受电流表内阻影响较小,对电动汽车电池包多点漏电检测具有一定参考价值。须针对电动汽车建立电池包多点漏电模型及检测方法。     

基于LPC2378的车辆控制器的设计

为了实现对高空作业车的动作控制、实时监控与管理,采用了高速、低功耗且具有强大功能模块的嵌入式微处理器LPC2378,完成了车辆控制器系统的硬件设计,并完成了车辆控制器的系统软件设计和上位机维护软件设计,实现了对整车作业状况的机构动作控制、系统维护与远程控制。通过上车测试表明,该车辆控制器系统能实现对整车作业状况的控制,在现场工作时稳定性好,作业范围大,安全可靠。     

电动车辆用Ni-MH电池智能化充放电控制

以Ni-MH电池在电动车辆中的应用为目的,论述了电动车辆用Ni-MH电池充放电控制过程的基本原理,阐述Ni-MH电池智能控制系统监测与控制的总体结构和功能流程,根据智能控制原理和专家经验探讨以Ni-MH电池能量合理使用为目的的充放电控制算法,给出电动车辆用大功率Ni-MH电池的充放电特性及其充放电电压、电流、电池温度等对其容量的影响结果。试验结果表明,该控制系统可使Ni-MH电池能量利用率增加20％以上,自适应能力较强、运行可靠,电池寿命也有显著延长。     

SEMI-ACTIVE CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUSPENSION WITH MAGNETO-RHEOLOGICAL DAMPERS:PART III——EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION

A hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test and simulation platform is developed in the laboratory, so as to validate the performance characteristics of the proposed skyhook-based asymmetric semi-active controller in Part I, and examine the validity of the proposed MR-damper model in a system surrounding. A real-time monitor is designed to assess and monitor the responses of the quarter-vehicle model in the HIL platform, and to select the excitation, controller synthesis, and the output displays. A drive current circuit hardware employing PID feedback technique is developed to compensate for the time delays from the servo-controller and drive current circuit, in which a small resistance is integrated in the current amplifier circuit to provide the feedback signal. The experiments were performed to measure the responses of the quarter-vehicle MR-suspension models with fixed current and the proposed semi-active MR-damping variations, under harmonic, rounded pulse and random road excitations. The measured data were compared with the corresponding model results to examine the model and controller validity, and revealed generally good agreements in the model and tested results and very little sensitivity of the tested responses to variations in the sprung mass. The HIL test results validate the effectiveness of the proposed skyhook-based semi-active asymmetric controller and its high robustness against the vehicle load variations in view of the intelligent vehicle suspension design.     

电动助力转向系统多目标优化控制研究

通过对电动助力转向系统进行动力学分析，建立了系统的数学模型和状态空间模型。利用转向盘操纵转矩与理想转矩之差及其变化，通过PD控制器进行调节，以获得理想的助力电压；通过模糊控制器改变助力电机的电压系数以实时调整助力转矩；以电动助力转向系统的结构参数和PD控制器为优化对象，以转向盘操纵转矩、横摆角速度和质心侧偏角为性能指标，用遗传算法对电动助力转向系统进行了多目标优化。台架试验证明，经多目标优化后模糊PD控制的电动助力转向系统能有效提高车辆转向的轻便性和稳定性，提高车辆行驶的安全性。     

一种基于自抗扰控制的电子差速控制策略研究

电动车辆转向时,复杂路况及车况综合作用下,驱动轮承载更强扰动的负荷,驱动轮滑移运动所占比重不确定性增大,影响行车稳定与安全.为此,设计基于自抗扰控制(ADRC)的电子差速控制(EDC)策略,并利用混沌粒子群优化算法(CPSO)设计控制器参数.构建7自由度整车模型,以滑移率为控制量、驱动轮电机转矩为输出,设计基于CPSO...     

基于制动稳定性要求的ADVISOR再生制动模块的开发

利用ADVISOR软件,分析满足制动稳定性条件下的电动汽车再生制动系统的制动能回收能力,在其再生制动模型基础上,从动力学角度建立了各制动力制动份额随制动减速度变化的模型,仿真结果表明,此模型有效地拓展了ADVISOR的仿真范围,方便了评估电动汽车再生制动系统.     

TI推出业界领先的无线BMS解决方案,革新电动汽车电池管理

经过多年持续发展,汽车电气化已取得显著成果。然而,如何提高电动汽车的续航能力,依然是当前最主要的技术难题之一,而电池管理系统的创新正是突破该难题的核心。2021年1月18日,德州仪器(TI)宣布电动汽车(EV)电池管理系统(BMS)领域的一项重大进展,即发布业界领先的无线BMS解决方案,该方案是首个经独立评估的功能安全概念。通过采用具有业界出色的网络可用性的无线协议,TI的无线BMS解决方案展示了如何帮助车辆设计师们减少繁重、昂贵且需要频繁维护的布线,并在全球范围内提高电动汽车的可靠性和效率。     

Vibration control of a class of semiactive suspension system using neural network and backstepping techniques

In this paper, we address the problem of designing the semiactive controller for a class of vehicle suspension system that employs a magnetorheological (MR) damper as the actuator. As the first step, an adequate model of the MR damper must be developed. Most of the models found in literature are based on the mechanical behavior of the device, with the Bingham and Bouc-Wen models being the most popular ones. These models can estimate the damping force of the device taking the control voltage and velocity inputs as variables. However, the inverse model, i.e., the model that computes the control variable (generally the voltage) is even more difficult to find due to the numerical complexity that implies the inverse of the nonlinear forward model. In our case, we develop a neural network being able to estimate the control voltage input to the MR damper, which is necessary for producing the optimal force predicted by the controller so as to reduce the vibrations. The controller is designed following the standard backstepping technique. The performance of the control system is evaluated by means of simulations in MATLAB/Simulink.     

轻度混合动力电动汽车多能源动力总成控制器的开发

以某轻度混合动力电动汽车为对象研究整车功率分配策略,详细分析驾驶员功率需求确定、发动机工作区域优化和制动能量回收控制策略,并在此基础上开发了多能源动力总成控制器的硬软件系统。通过对多能源动力总成控制器的硬件在环仿真试验和实车匹配测试,不仅证明该控制器能高效、可靠地运行,而且取得了降低整车油耗16．9％,排放指标远低于欧III标准的控制效果。     

汽车行驶安全监控电源管理的研究

介绍汽车行驶安全监控电源管理的研究。该方法是探讨通过将轮胎转动的机械动能转换为电能的无电池供应、制动唤醒、休眠等技术,减小工作时间,增加休眠时间来降低功耗,满足系统工作要求。     

电动汽车稀土永磁电动机驱动系统

为满足电动汽车驱动要求,研制出以稀土永磁电动机及其控制技术为核心的一种电动汽车动力驱动系统,在电动汽车上应用一种全新的牵引电动机自动控制模式。与此电动机相匹配研制出一种结构简单、性能匹配优良的线控两挡行星齿轮变速器。就电动机驱动系统力矩特性对电动汽车纵向舒适性的影响进行初步分析。在自动弱磁的控制策略下,续流增磁稀土永磁电动机系统可以满足电动汽车对驱动系统的要求。电动机与两挡变速箱匹配,可保证驱动系统工作效率在全车速范围内稳定在较高水平。     

基于模糊矢量及弱磁扩速机理的电动汽车控制研究

在电动汽车用内置式永磁同步电机矢量控制算法的基础上,完成了Fuzzy-PI控制器的设计,并将其嵌入矢量控制中。借鉴专家经验和对电机响应曲线的分析,结合车辆运行状况,制定了模糊控制规则表;以同时考虑转速和变调率的双判断条件确定是否进行弱磁控制,实现以转折速度为阈值的分段式矢量控制策略,完成了算法的仿真。电机运转实验证明,该算法能有效提高电机的响应特性和运行平稳性,拓宽了电机可控速度范围,提高了车辆的驾驶性能。