再入式光纤陀螺及其信号处理系统

光纤陀螺目前已经进入工程实用化阶段,其发展向高精度、低成本和小型化方向发展.再入式光纤陀螺是一种符合光纤陀螺发展趋势的,具有光明前景的新型光纤陀螺之一.本文介绍了再入式光纤陀螺的工作原理及其信号处理系统.给出了再入式光纤陀螺仪的信号处理系统试验结果.     

光纤陀螺技术及其在军事领域的应用展望

光纤陀螺作为新型的角度传感器,近年来发展非常迅速,在测量和制导领域得到广泛的应用。本文介绍了光纤陀螺的基本原理和分类、各类光纤陀螺的特点及国内外的发展状况,结合光纤陀螺的特点,展望了其在精确制导弹药、测试等军事领域中的应用。     

高精度光纤陀螺信号的在线建模与滤波

针对高精度光纤陀螺随机误差,在分析其一般时间序列模型的基础上,提出了一种改进型二阶自回归AR(2)模型,可以在线建立光纤陀螺随机误差模型.根据该模型,采用卡尔曼滤波算法,实现了光纤陀螺惯导系统在对准与导航过程中光纤陀螺随机误差的实时滤波.滤波结果和Allan方差分析证明,光纤陀螺信号中角随机游走、零偏不稳定性、速率随机游走、速率斜坡和量化噪声五项噪声源误差系数都小于滤波前的二分之一,有效减小了光纤陀螺随机误差,提高了光纤陀螺精度.     

光纤陀螺温度漂移的多变量模型

针对光纤陀螺温度漂移的补偿问题,本文提出一种线性多变量光纤陀螺温度漂移建模方法.建立的模型由两部分组成:陀螺输出的自回归项和温度梯度的多项式分布滞后项(PDL).自回归项描述光纤陀螺历史输出对当前输出的影响,PDL项描述由温度变化引起的陀螺漂移.根据模型的线性特性,采用最小二乘法确定模型参数.用实测的光纤陀螺温度漂移数据进行了模型的有效性验证.实验结果表明,提出的线性多变量模型能有效补偿光纤陀螺的温度漂移,补偿后光纤陀螺的精度提高50%以上.     

光纤陀螺的温度试验与误差补偿

分析了光纤陀螺的温度特性及非线性特性,并在组建光纤陀螺温度试验系统的基础上,进行了全温度范围下的位置试验和角速率试验,研究不同的温度及输入角速率对光纤陀螺输出的影响.根据试验结果,分别建立了光纤陀螺零偏的温度模型以及标度因数的温度和非线性模型,并采用最小二乘法拟合模型的参数.通过实测数据进行仿真验证,结果表明,建立的模型能够较好地描述光纤陀螺的温度及非线性特性,利用该模型进行光纤陀螺的温度和非线性误差补偿,取得了较好的效果,光纤陀螺的测试精度得到了较大程度的提高.     

光纤陀螺与精确制导

阐述了光纤陀螺和惯性导航系统的发展历史及现状 ,详细分析了光纤陀螺产品在惯性导航系统中的地位 .同时对惯性导航系统的两大支撑技术——加速度计和全球定位系统 ( GPS)及其应用前景进行了简要的介绍 ,并且给出了最新 HARM精确制导系统的应用实例     

光纤陀螺中偶次谐波引起零偏误差的分析(英文)

本文介绍了一种计算由偶次谐波引起光纤陀螺零偏误差仿真方法,根据计算光纤陀螺的零偏误差可以用贝塞耳函数和三角函数表示.在计算中我们发现光纤陀螺的零偏误差与调制信号中的偶次谐波和光纤中由于偏振现象引起的角度误差有关.当调制深度设置到3π/5附近时,零偏误差可以减少到最小.由于制信号中的偶次谐波是引起零偏误差的主要原因,我们使用频谱分析仪测量了调制信号中的偶次谐波.此外,我们还通过光纤陀螺的输出测量了光纤陀螺的零偏误差.通过仿真得到的光纤陀螺零偏误差结果得到了试验的验证.     

光纤陀螺寻北仪样机设计及系统测试

提出了一种基于光纤陀螺的动态寻北方案,运用光纤陀螺测量地球角速度的北向分量.通过对光纤陀螺输出的正弦信号的采样和处理,即可得到地球表面某参考点的方位.描述了光纤陀螺寻北仪的工作原理及系统样机组成,详细分析了转台台面倾斜误差对寻北精度的影响,采用加速度计对寻北精度进行补偿提高.采用多周期多位置采样技术,有效地抑制了光纤陀螺的测量噪声.测试结果表明,在3 min之内可获得5'的真北角精度.     

小波分析在光纤陀螺信号处理中的工程应用

光纤陀螺作为敏感角速度信息的元件对其精度要求较高,仅在硬件方面提高它的精度会极大的增加成本,工程应用中不经济,而从软件设计对光纤陀螺信号进行处理以提高精度便显得尤为重要.小波分析作为一种新型时频共域滤波器,处理二维信号取得了很大的进展,而在实时处理时间信号领域成果相对较少,为此,介绍了小波分析理论并提出了小波分析对光纤陀螺信号实时处理的工程应用方法.     

Y波导残余强度调制对IFOG性能的影响

本文首先通过正弦波调制下干涉信号光强分析解调出光纤陀螺的输出信号,进而得出残余强度调制存在的情况下陀螺输出信号的变化情况,同时,通过分析陀螺信号的变化说明残余强度调制对光纤陀螺性能的影响与陀螺精度要求有关,精度越高,其影响越明显.其次,具体分析了数字闭环光纤陀螺受残余强度调制影响的情况下,其解调输出电压变化引起的数字阶梯高度变化,并通过残余强度调制系数与数字阶梯高度的关系式,说明了残余强度调制对光纤陀螺零偏和标度因数的影响.最后,对所得出的残余强度调制系数与光纤陀螺标度因数稳定性的关系进行了Matlab仿真,通过仿真结果,更进一步说明残余强度调制对数字闭环光纤陀螺标度因数稳定性的影响.     

Phase modulation spectroscopy using an all-fiber piezoelectric transducer modulator for a resonator fiber-optic gyroscope

The theoretical analysis and experimental demonstration of phase modulation spectroscopy employing an all-fiber piezoelectric transducer modulator for a fiber ring resonator fiber-optic gyroscope is presented for the first time as far as we know. The results support the feasibility of such a technique as a rotation detection scheme for a resonator fiber-optic gyroscope.     

Compensation of excess noise in a fiber-optic gyroscope with a 3×3 directional coupler

It is shown theoretically that the excess noise of the radiation source can be compensated in a fiber-optic gyroscope with a 3×3 ring directional coupler and a differential amplifier at the exit. This noise is one of the main factors limiting the precision of a fiber-optic gyroscope. Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 23, 36–38 (August 12, 1997)     

New interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope with amplified optical feedback

A novel interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope with amplified optical feedback by an Er-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is proposed and theoretically investigated (the proposed gyroscope is named the feedback EDFA-FOG, FE-FOG in what follows). The FE-FOG functions like a resonant fiber-optic gyro (R-FOG) because of its multiple utilization of the Sagnac loop; however, it is completely different because a low-coherence light source is used. In addition, the gyro output signal is pulsed because the modulation frequency of the phase modulator placed in the Sagnac loop is selected to match the total round-trip time delay of the light, which includes the Sagnac-loop delay plus that of the feedback loop of the fiber amplifier. The sharpness of the output pulse can be adjusted by both the gain of an EDFA and the modulation depth of the phase modulator. When rotation occurs the peak position of the output pulse is shifted as a result of the Sagnac effect. The resolution of the rotation measurement depends on the sharpness of the output pulse. The techniques of both the open-loop and closed-loop methods are described in detail, which shows the great advantage of the proposed gyroscope over the to the conventional interferometric fiber-optical gyroscope (I-FOG).     

Sagnac环形电流互感器的原理与发展研究

高压变电站中用于电力系统电流测量的全光纤电流传感器由于具有传统电流互感器无法比拟的优点,具有广阔的应用前景.Sagnac环形电流互感器是在干涉式光纤陀螺结构上发展起来的一种互感器结构.由于基于Sagnac干涉仪技术的光纤陀螺的实用化,用此技术来实现Sagnac环形电流互感器的实用化成为电流互感器的热点.本文首先介绍了S...     

Signal distortion induced by Fresnel reflection in open-loop fiber-optic gyroscopes

The signal distortion that is due to Fresnel reflection in open-loop fiber-optic gyroscopes was theoretically analyzed to determine the relationship between the reflection ratio and the scale factor error of the gyroscopes. The analysis showed that the in-phase component of each Fourier harmonic of the gyroscope signal deviates from the true sinusoidal function, a quadrature-phase component appears, and the pi/2 rotation rates of harmonic components disagree. We evaluated the degree of scale factor degradation by defining the harmonic distortion ratio, which can be used as a measure for the reflectional quality of the gyroscopic optical system. The theory was verified by the response of an experimental gyroscope. The Fresnel reflection was eliminated by optical and electrical means, and the signal distortion of the experimental gyroscope was suppressed.     

调频光纤陀螺中的集成光学频移器

报道了一种在Ｙ一切铁扩散ＬｉＮｂＯ３平板光波导上制作的调频光纤陀螺用集成光学频移器。它由一对球面波导短程透镜和两个声表面波声光调制器组成。频移宽度为１０ＭＨｚ，调制器的中。Ｃ频率为１０７ＭＨｚ，驱动功率为２００ｍＷ。     

Compensation of parasitic polarization modulation in a fiber-optic gyroscope

It has been shown that the influence of parasitic polarization modulation on the precision of a fiber-optic gyroscope may be reduced substantially by incorporating reflection-type phase modulators with conversion of polarization modes. Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 23, 90–94 (August 12, 1997)     

Fiber-optic gyroscope with suppression of excess noise from the radiation source

A new optical system is proposed and investigated experimentally for a Sagnac fiber interferometer in which the excess noise of the wide-band radiation source is suppressed. A tenfold improvement in the sensitivity of a fiber-optic gyroscope with an erbium/ytterbium fiber superfluorescent light source was achieved experimentally. It is shown that the identity of the polarization characteristics of the interferometer channels plays an important role. Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 24, 30–35 (September 26, 1998)     

Effect of thermal processes on the accuracy of precision fiber-optic inertial sensors

A mathematical model of thermal processes and temperature errors is constructed for a promising sensor to determine the angular position and angular velocity of moving objects—a fiber-optic gyroscope (FOG). Methodological, algorithmic, and program supports are developed making it possible to carry out an automatic investigation of the functioning of an FOG exposed to temperature effects. Computational experiments and computer analysis of thermal processes and thermal drift are performed for specific design versions of the FOG, and recommendations for decrease in the temperature errors of the FOG are developed.Branch of the A. A. Blagonravov Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Saratov. Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 66, No. 1, pp. 61–68, January, 1994.