表面电镀钯膜的316L不锈钢在高温稀硫酸/硫酸盐溶液中的耐蚀性

采用电化学极化与电化学阻抗谱及浸泡试验等方法,研究了316L不锈钢表面电镀钯膜在94℃的10%H2SO4+250g/L Na2SO4+16g/L ZnSO4溶液中的耐蚀性能。结果表明,电镀钯使不锈钢的腐蚀电位大幅提高700mV,促进了不锈钢表面的钝化,使其耐蚀性能得到明显提高。当体系中加入一定浓度的氯离子(100~1 000mg·L)后,镀钯试样的自腐蚀电位仍然处于316L不锈钢的钝化电位区间,阻抗值明显下降,其腐蚀速率比不锈钢试样的腐蚀速率显著下降,表明含氯条件下表面镀钯仍可明显提高不锈钢的耐蚀性能。     

316L与2205不锈钢在硫酸溶液中的腐蚀行为

采用浸泡、动电位极化等方法研究了316L与2205不锈钢在5%H2SO4溶液中的化学与电化学腐蚀行为,探索两种材料在的稀硫酸溶液中的腐蚀敏感性和耐蚀性。结果表明:在化学腐蚀过程中,316L不锈钢表面出现一些点蚀坑,而2205不锈钢的表面平整光滑,无腐蚀现象发生,2205不锈钢的腐蚀速率约为316L不锈钢的1/10;在电化学腐蚀过程中,316L不锈钢的腐蚀速度与腐蚀倾向大于2205不锈钢。在相同条件下,2205双相不锈钢表现出更好的耐蚀性。     

氯化铁溶液中316L和HR-2不锈钢的腐蚀行为研究

分别采用浸泡腐蚀实验、电化学测试技术、扫描电化学显微镜(SECM)分析技术和慢应变速率拉伸(SSRT)及应力腐蚀(SCC)实验方法对比研究了316L和HR-2奥氏体不锈钢在三氯化铁溶液中的腐蚀行为,并探讨了腐蚀机理。结果表明,不受力条件下316L和HR-2不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能均较好,316L钢呈现出较轻的点腐蚀现象。在动态拉应力作用下,316L和HR-2不锈钢均表现出较高的应力腐蚀开裂敏感性,原因是拉应力促进了不锈钢表面钝化膜的破裂,加速应力腐蚀裂纹的萌生和扩展。316L不锈钢的SCC敏感性稍高于HR-2不锈钢,归因于316L不锈钢点蚀敏感性稍高,因而表面钝化膜在动态拉伸载荷作用下更易于破裂。     

316H在NaCl-KCl-MgCl2熔盐中的腐蚀行为

采用静态腐蚀和动态腐蚀相结合，系统研究了316H(不锈钢)在700℃氯化物熔盐中的腐蚀行为。结果表明：静态腐蚀1 000 h后，316H在未净化熔盐中表现为明显的晶间腐蚀，腐蚀深度约80μm;在净化熔盐中，316H腐蚀较弱，腐蚀后试样表面有厚3μm的贫Cr层。动态腐蚀后，试样表面贫Cr层厚约6μm。在氯化物熔盐中添加金属Mg可以有效抑制316H的晶间腐蚀。     

316L 不锈钢在高 pH 碱性硫化物环境中的应力腐蚀行为

目的研究316L不锈钢在碱性硫化物溶液中的应力腐蚀行为,为其在碱性环境中的适用性提供参考依据。方法采用动电位极化曲线、电化学阻抗(EIS)测量技术、慢应变速率拉伸试验(SSRT)、U形弯试样浸泡试验以及SEM腐蚀形貌分析方法。结果 316L不锈钢试样在碱性硫化物溶液中具有较低的应力腐蚀(SCC)敏感性,腐蚀机理主要为阳极溶解型,且SCC敏感性随着p H升高而降低。结论316L不锈钢试样在碱性Na Cl/Na2S溶液中虽然表现出应力腐蚀特征,但敏感性较低,适用于该实验模拟的碱性溶液中。     

316L和HR-2不锈钢在盐酸液膜环境中的钝化与点蚀

基于自行设计组装的盐酸液膜腐蚀模拟装置,采用腐蚀挂片、电阻探针、Tafel极化、电化学阻抗等方法,研究了316L和HR-2不锈钢在浓度分别为1、0.5和0.1 mol/L,温度分别为90、70和60℃的盐酸蒸汽环境中的钝化和点蚀行为,并利用金相显微镜、XRD对腐蚀试样和腐蚀产物进行了分析。结果表明:两种不锈钢的腐蚀速率随时间先加快后减慢最后趋于稳定,316L不锈钢的腐蚀速率相对较高;两种不锈钢均能形成稳定钝化区,且维钝电流密度相差不大,HR-2孔蚀电位的钝化区间总体都比316L不锈钢高,说明HR-2不锈钢更耐腐蚀;另外,两种不锈钢表面腐蚀产物成分基本相同,316L不锈钢表面的腐蚀产物更多更密集,这是由于O的吸附被C1-所取代,钢体表面上的钝化膜难以形成或破坏,并且更可能导致不锈钢点蚀。     

硅烷涂层对316L不锈钢耐腐蚀性能的影响

目的提高316L不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能。方法在316L不锈钢样品表面涂覆主要成分为1,2-二(三乙氧基硅基)乙烷(BTSE)的硅烷涂层。通过电化学分析测试,评价涂覆硅烷涂层的316L不锈钢的耐蚀性,并通过扫描电子显微镜和扫描电化学显微镜对其表面形貌进行分析。结果在相同的腐蚀环境下,与未涂覆硅烷涂层的316L不锈钢样品相比,涂覆硅烷涂层样品的表面更加光滑,点蚀现象明显好转。电化学测试结果显示,涂覆硅烷涂层的316L不锈钢样品的腐蚀电位为?565.02m V,未涂覆硅烷涂层样品的腐蚀电位为?796.01 mV,前者明显高于后者,其腐蚀倾向明显减小。另外,涂覆硅烷涂层的316L不锈钢样品的腐蚀电流为2.5177μA,未涂覆硅烷涂层样品的腐蚀电流为5.4291μA,涂覆硅烷涂层样品的腐蚀电流明显更小,表现出了更好的耐腐蚀性能。通过观察扫描电化学显微镜图像可以得出,未涂覆硅烷涂层的316L不锈钢样品的电流范围为?3.144×10?9～?1.957×10?9 A,涂覆硅烷涂层的316L不锈钢样品的电流范围为?3.004×10?9～?1.975×10?9A,涂覆硅烷涂层样品的电流范围更窄,腐蚀程度明显减轻。结论在316L不锈钢表面涂覆硅烷涂层可以在一定程度上减缓样品的腐蚀程度,硅烷涂层起到了物理屏障的作用,显着提高了316L不锈钢的耐腐蚀性。     

炼油厂冷却水系统硫酸盐还原菌对316L不锈钢点腐蚀的研究

用开路电位、动电位扫描、电化学阻抗技术和扫描电镜等方法,研究了316L不锈钢在硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)溶液中的腐蚀电化学行为,分析了炼油厂冷却水系统微生物腐蚀的特征及机制.结果表明,在含有SRB溶液中的自腐蚀电位(Ecorr)和点蚀电位(Epit)随浸泡时间的增加而负移,极化电阻(Rp)随浸泡时间的增加而减小;在含有SRB溶液中的腐蚀速率均大于在无菌溶液中;SRB的生长代谢活动影响了316L SS表面的腐蚀过程,使不锈钢表面的钝化膜层腐蚀破坏程度增加,加速了316L SS的腐蚀.     

单相、两相流中65Mn和316L不锈钢的化学腐蚀研究

利用质量损失法,研究了单相、两相流中65Mn和316L不锈钢的化学腐蚀行为。结果表明:65Mn和316L不锈钢在单相、两相流中的冲刷腐蚀速率随温度升高而变大,随理论速率减小而增大。相同条件下,65Mn的质量损失速率比316L不锈钢大。两相流中的腐蚀机制与静态和单相流中的不同,为均匀腐蚀、轻微选择腐蚀、切削,以及轻微塑性腐蚀共同作用的结果,Ni-P镀层能减缓冲刷腐蚀对试样表面的影响。     

S2-对316L不锈钢在模拟油田污水中的腐蚀行为影响研究

研究了不同浓度S2-对316L不锈钢在模拟油田污水中的腐蚀行为的影响.通过电化学测试和XPS等方法分析了S2-对316L不锈钢在油田污水中电化学及表面膜层性能的影响.结果 表明,S2-的存在加速316L不锈钢的腐蚀,并且随着S2-浓度的升高,腐蚀倾向增大,耐蚀性下降.XPS结果显示,316L不锈钢钝化膜中出现了FeS,...     

316L不锈钢在模拟体液中的腐蚀行为

目的研究316L不锈钢生物医用材料植入体内初期的表面行为。方法在模拟体液中,采用浸泡实验,表征了316L不锈钢浸泡不同时间的表面形貌、润湿性及耐腐蚀性。结果白光干涉测试结果表明,样品表面粗糙度随浸泡时间的延长而变大。浸泡1 d后,在样品表面出现大量无规则的腐蚀坑,腐蚀坑内出现金属的溶蚀。润湿性测试结果显示,随浸泡时间的延长,316L不锈钢的接触角减小,亲水性增强,表面能增加。电化学测试表明,浸泡1周后,316L不锈钢的自腐蚀电流为浸泡前的3倍多,腐蚀速度增大,耐腐蚀性变差。结论在模拟体液中,316L不锈钢表面存在局部腐蚀,材料的表面形貌、成分、润湿性及耐腐蚀性均发生改变。     

316L不锈钢在硫酸盐还原菌和铁氧化菌共同作用下的腐蚀行为

采用微生物分析、电化学测试、扫描电镜观察及表面能谱分析等方法,研究了316L不锈钢在硫酸盐还原菌（Sulfate—Reducing Bacteria,SRB）与铁氧化菌（Iron—Oxidizing Bacteria,IOB）共同作用的溶液中的腐蚀电化学行为,分析了炼油厂冷却水系统中微生物腐蚀的特征及机制。结果表明,不锈钢电极在SRB与IOB相结合的溶液中的自腐蚀电位、点蚀电位和再钝化电位均随浸泡时间的增加而负移,其滞后环增大;在SRB与IOB共同作用的溶液中的腐蚀速率大于在无菌溶液中;显微观察表明生物膜疏松多孔,生物膜内细菌的生长代谢活动促使不锈钢表面的钝化膜层腐蚀破坏程度增加,在SRB与IOB共同作用下316L不锈钢电极发生了严重的点蚀。     

Enhancing the localised corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel via FBR-CVD chromising treatment

The resistance of stainless steels to localised corrosion can be adversely affected by environmental and metallurgical heterogeneities existed in complex industrial infrastructures such as seawater desalination plants exposed to aggressive evnironments. It is therefore critical to enhance the localised corrosion resistance and understand the corrosion behaviour of stainless steels in complex and aggressive industrial environmental conditions. In this work, the localised corrosion resistance of chromised stainless steel 316L (SS316L) in simulated seawater desalination systems has been investigated by electrochemical and surface analytical techniques. It has been found that chromising processes have improved the localised corrosion resistance of SS316L by reducing its susceptibility to pitting, crevice, and welding zone corrosion in simulated seawater desalination environments. This increased corrosion resistance has been explained by electrochemical polarisation studies and surface analysis showing that the chromising treatment at 1050°C resulted in a continuous and stable chromium-enriched layer on the SS316L surface.     

The effects of electropolishing (EP) process parameters on corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel

Improvement of the corrosion resistance capability of a workpiece being processed by the electropolishing (EP) is one of the most importance process characteristics. In this paper, the effects of the EP process parameters on the corrosion resistance performance of the SS 316L stainless steel were studied based on the uniform and localized intergranular corrosion (IGC) analyses. The IGC is the prominent characteristics of localized corrosion in stainless steel.

The workpiece (anode) material was the SS 316L stainless steel. The cathode material under study was platinum. The electrolyte was composed of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, glycerin and DI water. The test specimens were all polished before experiments in order to reduce the effect of the bailby layer. Variables of the EP process parameters gap between the electrodes and the process time.

The specimens were analyzed, first, by the surface roughness measurement. Secondly, they were observed under the optical microscope for surface marks and defects. It was followed by the linear polarization analysis for the uniform corrosion performance. The electrochemical potentiokinetic repassivation (EPR) test was employed to study the localized, IGC. Finally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) analyses were conducted to analyze the metallurgical composition and the thickness of the passive film. The results showed that the EP process greatly improved the corrosion resistance of the SS 316L stainless steel.     

医用 316L 不锈钢表面多巴胺 / BSA 复合膜缓蚀性能研究

目的研究医用316L不锈钢表面组装多巴胺/牛血清白蛋白分子(BSA)复合膜的缓蚀性能。方法采用浸泡法在医用316L不锈钢表面制备以多巴胺自组装膜为桥接层的多巴胺/BSA复合双层自组装膜,通过动电位扫描、交流阻抗测试,SEM,EDX等手段分析BSA组装液质量浓度对复合双层自组装膜吸附行为及耐蚀性能的影响。结果在合适的自组装条件下可获得具有缓蚀效果的复合双层膜。BSA质量浓度过高和过低均对缓蚀性能有不利影响,当BSA质量浓度为40 g/L时,复合双层膜对生理盐水环境中316L不锈钢取得最佳缓蚀效率,缓蚀效率由单层多巴胺的62.4%增加至83.9%。结论多巴胺成功嫁接BSA分子,使其吸附在不锈钢表面,和单层BSA吸附相比,其吸附量大大提高,表明对于316L不锈钢人体植入材料,可以利用多巴胺桥接BSA获得兼具生物活性和耐腐蚀性的改性表面。     

Corrosion behavior and electrical conductivity of niobium implanted 316L stainless steel used as bipolar plates in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

The corrosion behavior and interfacial contact resistance (ICR) of niobium implanted SS316L used as the bipolar plate in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) are investigated. The ICR values of the bare and niobium implanted SS316L are measured to evaluate the electrical conductivity. The effects of ion implantation on the corrosion behavior are investigated by potentiodynamic and potentiostatic tests in the simulated PEMFC anode and cathode environments. The solutions after the potentiostatic test are analyzed by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The surface topography of the samples before and after the potentiostatic test is monitored by SEM in order to investigate the mechanism and degree of corrosion. The XPS results indicate that the composition on the surface is altered by ion implantation. The electrochemical results reveal that the passivation current density of the Nb implanted SS316L decreases and has higher chemical stability in the simulated PEMFC environment. However, the ion implantation fluence affects the current density. The ICP results are in agreement with those of the electrochemical test disclosing that the bare SS316L has the highest dissolution rate in both the cathode and anode environments and niobium implantation reduces the dissolution rate significantly. SEM shows that the bare SS316L undergoes serious corrosion whereas after Nb ion implantation, corrosion is greatly retarded. The XPS depth profiles indicate that a passive film with a new composition consisting mainly of niobium oxide is formed after the potentiostatic test. Our results suggest that niobium implantation with proper ion fluences can significantly improve the corrosion resistance and the electric conductivity of SS316L in the simulated PEMFC environments.     

激光电子散斑干涉技术监测奥氏体不锈钢在NaCl溶液中的点蚀敏感性

用动电位极化和电化学阻抗等方法检测1Cr18Ni9Ti、304和316三种奥氏体不锈钢在3.5%NaCl溶液中的点蚀敏感性;用恒电位下的计时电流法结合激光电子散斑干涉技术（ESPI）实时监测这三种材料在3.5%NaCl溶液中阳极极化过程的表面动态变化及点蚀感应时间(τ)。结果表明,当电极表面发生点蚀时,激光电子散斑干涉图上会出现由点蚀产物扩散引起的亮斑。1Cr18Ni9Ti和 304不锈钢的τ值分别是1 s和9 s,316不锈钢的τ值大于50 s。由此可以判断1Cr18Ni9Ti的点蚀敏感性最大,304居中,316的点蚀敏感性最小。此结果与动电位极化和电化学阻抗等电化学方法得出的结果一致。激光电子散斑干涉技术可以做为一种实验室方法监测金属早期点蚀敏感性。     

Corrosion behavior of TiN coated type 316 stainless steel in simulated PEMFC environments

The corrosion behavior of TiN coated type 316 stainless steel (SS) was investigated in simulated proton exchange membrane fuel cell environments, i.e. 0.01 M HCl + 0.01 M Na₂SO₄ solutions bubbled with pure oxygen and hydrogen gases, respectively, by using electrochemical measurement techniques. 316SS substrate can passivate spontaneously in simulated cathode environment, while it is in active state at the corrosion potential in simulated anode environment. TiN coatings have much better corrosion resistance and passivity under both simulated conditions. No significant degradation takes place in TiN coatings under the typical load conditions of fuel cell for 4 h. The loss of small part of coatings occurs during the immersion tests of TiN coatings in the oxygen environment for 1000 h and in the hydrogen environment for 240 h, respectively, but the exposed substrate areas are passivated in both environments. The results reveal that TiN coating can offer 316SS higher corrosion resistance and electric conductivity, and that further effort to improve the coating quality and to evaluate the long-term stability of 316SS/TiN coating systems under simulated conditions are deserved. In addition, the characteristics of corrosion process for TiN coatings on passivatable substrate were discussed in detail.     

2205和316L不锈钢在氢氟酸中的电化学腐蚀行为

通过动电位极化和电化学阻抗方法考察了2205双相不锈钢和316L不锈钢在5%(体积分数)HF溶液中的电化学行为,借助Mott-Schokkty曲线分析了两种不锈钢表面钝化膜的半导体特性。结果表明：两种不锈钢在氢氟酸溶液中都能发生钝化,且2205双相不锈钢的钝化区间范围更宽,维钝电流密度更低。2205双相不锈钢表面钝化膜表现出更高的钝化膜电阻和电荷转移电阻,其抗氢氟酸腐蚀性能优于316L不锈钢,这主要与2205双相不锈钢中的Mo和Cr含量高、表面钝化膜缺陷少、钝化膜易修复等因素有关。