轻质陶瓷复合材料将逐步替代金属防弹材料

近日,美国Ceradyne股份有限公司依据美国陆军长期装甲战略计划制定的"以轻质陶瓷材料替代金属防弹材料"的方案通过美军评估。对轻质陶瓷材料的测试数据表明:该材料的指标优于金属防弹材料,这意     

材料领域的新葩—梯度材料

当代高新技术的飞跃发展,引起材料科学领域内的不断变革,使得各种适应高新技术发展的新材料应运而生。梯度材料正是适应了这种需要,成为材料领域绽开的一朵新葩。     

陶瓷-金属梯度复合材料动态力学性能研究

利用热压烧结法制备了梯度型陶瓷——金属复合材料，并对其静态压缩性能和动态冲击压缩性能进行了测试。结果表明：梯度型复合材料具有明显的各向鼻性，其平行于梯度面的力学性能优于垂直于梯度面的力学性能。复合材料是应变率敏感的材料，随着应变速率的增加，其屈服强度先增高后降低，而其单位体积吸收的能量则呈上升的趋势。     

复合材料在坦克装甲防护中的应用

坦克装甲防护事材料是主战坦克防护系统的重要组成部分,本文介绍了几种目前用于主战坦克装甲防护用聚全物基复合材料,着重阐述了基吸应用现状产指出未来的坦克装甲防护系统中复合材料的应用趋势。     

MgO／Ni系梯度功能材料的设计与制备

对ＭｇＯ／Ｎｉ系梯度功能材料（ＦＧＭ），分别用实验和微观力学模型测定和计算了用于热应力缓和设计的各物性参数。讨论了两种结果之间存在差异的原因。用有限元方法模拟了制备过程中ＦＧＭ的热应力，得到ＭｇＯ／Ｎｉ系ＦＧＭ的综合设计准则。按设计结果进一步调整粉末工艺性质，成功地烧制出ＭｇＯ／Ｎｉ系ＦＧＭ。     

新型梯度功能陶瓷刀具材料的设计模型

本文首次提出对陶瓷刀具材料的组成分布，微观结构进行设计以形成梯度模型，通过不同组成分布的刀具工作过程中的热应力，机械应力及材料制备过程中的残余热应力进行了模拟，以使刀具材料内部形成与外载应力部分抵消的机制，从而提高陶瓷刀具抗磨损破损的性能。     

陶瓷复合装甲材料研究和发展

陶瓷复合装甲由于在防护领域的应用背景而引起人们的广泛关注。综述了陶瓷复合装甲的研究和发展方向。     

陶瓷复合装甲材料研究和发展

陶瓷复合装甲由于在防护领域的应用背景而引起人们的广泛关注.本文综述了陶瓷复合装甲的研究和发展方向.     

陶瓷复合装甲材料的研究和发展

陶瓷复合装甲由于在防护领域的应用背景而引起人们的广泛关注,本文综述了陶瓷复合装甲材料的研究和发展方向.     

电沉积梯度功能镀层的研究进展

论述了功能梯度镀层的概念,性能,应用及制备方法,复合电沉积法是制备梯度功能材料的重要方法之一,具有控制简单,易于操作,投资少,可处理复杂工件等优点,本文综述了电沉积法用于制备梯度功能镀层的原理,特点,研究现状及应用前景。     

防弹纤维复合材料在装甲防护上的应用

综述了防弹纤维复合材料的性能特点及其在装甲防护领域的应用,并对其应用前景进行了展望。研究表明:防弹纤维复合材料密度仅为装甲钢的12.5%～25%,比强度和比模量分别是装甲钢的4～8倍和3～5倍,其抗弹性能优异而广受重视。     

高分子功能梯度材料的研究进展

通过不同聚合物材料以及聚合物与其它材料的巧妙梯度复合得到的高分子功能梯度材料,目前已成为材料领域的重要分支。本文从高分子功能梯度材料的类型、制备方法和应用等方面,综述了高分子功能梯度材料近年来的研究进展。     

金属基复合材料的研究进展

概述了金属基复合材料的发展历史和制造方法,着重介绍了不同种类金属基复合材料的研究现状和应用前景,指出了金属基复合材料研究过程中存在的问题和今后发展的方向。     

Dense Layered Molybdenum Disilicide–Silicon Carbide Functionally Graded Composites Formed by Field-Activated Synthesis

Dense, layered, single- and graded-composition composites of MoSi₂ and SiC were formed from elemental powders in one step, using the field-activated pressure-assisted combustion method. Compositions ranging from 100% MoSi₂ to 100% SiC were synthesized, with relative densities ranging from 99% to 76%, respectively. X-ray diffractometry results indicated the formation of pure phases when the concentration of MoSi₂ was high and the appearance of a ternary phase, Mo_4.8Si₃C_0.6, when the concentration of SiC was high. Electron microprobe analysis results showed the formation of stoichiometric and uniformly distributed phases. A layer-to-layer variation in composition of 10 mol% was sufficient to prevent thermal cracking during formation of the layered functionally graded materials.     

新型复合防弹装甲结构材料的研究

通过分析陶瓷与复合材料的防弹机理,借助数值模拟分析技术对复合装甲的结构进行设计,并制备靶板,研究了复合装甲的材料与结构形式对防弹性能的影响,通过打靶实验,验证了结构设计的科学性及合理性.本文还在防弹装甲结构中尝试橡胶材料的应用,靶试结果表明,橡胶在防弹性能上具有明显作用.     

Finite Element Analysis of Functionally Graded Bond-Lines for Metal/Composite Joints

Failure in adhesive joints is usually the result of the non-uniform distribution of stresses that generally appears along the bond-lines, with peak values near the ends of the overlaps and inner zones where the adhesive essentially does not work. For joints comprised of dissimilar materials, the stress fields are also affected by the absence of symmetry. The present work is focused on “functionally graded adhesive joints” to avoid this phenomenon and to improve the strength of aluminum/composite joints under shear loads. Looking for the most favorable grading of properties, a search/optimization procedure is implemented based on finite element calculations and considering continuous variations of the material responses within the adhesive layer. After this, a comparative analysis of the continuous distributions obtained against discrete/“banded” approximations is performed, as these configurations are more feasible for manufacturing and therefore more suitable for industrialization. In order to avoid singularities appearing in the “banded” solutions simulations, a numerical strategy is proposed to model the transitions between the different adhesive phases.     

Fabrication and Properties of Tape-Cast Laminated and Functionally Gradient Alumina–Titanium Carbide Materials

A tape-casting process was used to prepare various Al₂O₃–TiC green tapes, from which laminated and functionally gradient Al₂O₃–TiC materials (FGM Al₂O₃–TiC) were produced by cutting, stacking, and laminating the material, removing the binder, and hot-pressing the green bodies. The bending strength of the FGM Al₂O₃–TiC composites was not much less than that of the laminated Al₂O₃–TiC composites. However, the fracture toughness was >50% higher; the fracture toughness of the FGM composite sintered at 1700°C was 9.43 MPa·m^1/2. This increased toughness was attributed to the stress distribution that was caused by variations in the composition of the FGM composite layers. The present results demonstrate that the FGM design is a useful method for modifying the mechanical properties of ceramic composites.     

Ni／Ni3Al—TiC系梯度功能材料的热应力缓和特性设计

本文选择Ｎｉ／ＮｉＡｌ－ＴｉＣ体系的ＦＧＭ，对其在制备过程中的残余絷应力进行了计算机有限元模拟。在综合考虑热应力最小，应力强度比值最小以及纯ＴｉＣ侧应力状态等因素的基础上，完成了ＦＧＭ体系的热应力缓和特性设计，得到组成分布指数Ｐ＝１．６的最佳设计结果。     

功能梯度材料及其复合电镀制备现状与进展

综述了功能梯度材料的概念、性能、研究动态及最新进展。总结了功能梯度材料的各种制备方法。重点探讨了采用复合电镀技术制备功能梯度材料的方法。该方法成本低,易于操作,所得镀层孔隙率低,结合力好,耐磨,耐蚀性好,具有广阔的应用前景。