工艺参数对AZ31镁合金往复挤压过程的影响

运用刚黏塑性有限元法对不同工艺参数下的AZ31镁合金往复挤压过程进行了热力耦合数值模拟,研究了不同初始坯料温度、挤压速率和摩擦因数对往复挤压过程中等效应变、等效应力及温度场的影响。结果表明:在往复挤压过程中,挤压速率对等效应变峰值影响不大,随着挤压速率的增大,工件内温度峰值直线上升,温度分布不均匀程度增大,应力峰值先增加后减小;随着初始坯料温度升高,等效应力峰值呈直线趋势减小;摩擦因数对温度峰值的影响很小,随着摩擦因数的增大,等效应变峰值先增大然后趋于平稳,等效应力峰值增大,其增大幅度减小。     

坯料温度对AZ31镁合金反挤成形的影响

在300～400℃温度范围内,挤压比λ=5的条件下,对铸造态AZ31镁合金的反挤压成形进行了实验研究,分析了挤压变形力、挤压成形性以及组织性能的变化规律.实验结果表明:AZ31镁合金在300～400℃范围内反挤成形,随变形温度的升高,挤压变形力呈现下降的趋势;而△T(坯料温度的不均匀度)的增大,使得挤压件表面质量变差,外表面出现垂直于挤压方向的横向裂纹;随变形温度的降低,挤压件晶粒逐步细化,硬度上升.为AZ31镁合金反挤压变形温度的优化提供了基础.     

AZ31镁合金连续变断面挤压变形行为及组织演变

采用大变形量的连续变断面循环挤压工艺对铸态AZ31镁合金进行不同道次的挤压变形,分析了其在变形到断裂过程中的受力情况和微观组织变化。研究表明:随着变形次数的增加,铸态AZ31镁合金晶粒不断被细化,10道次变形后,晶体内的不均匀变形被消除,粗大的晶粒全部变为细小的等轴晶,晶界上的第二相和杂质也均匀地分布在晶粒间;变形过程中发生了动态再结晶,原始粗大晶粒在形成细小等轴晶的同时仍能保持原有晶体位置的遗传性;变形过程中主要以孪晶为主,锥形裂纹末端为沿晶和穿晶结合型断裂,侧面为单一型穿晶断裂,并且裂纹两边显微组织存在较大差异性。     

AZ31D镁合金电动螺丝刀刀把等温挤压成形试验研究

针对电动螺丝刀刀把零件,设计了等温挤压成形工艺和等温挤压试验模具.采用YAW-500 kN微机控制电液伺服压力试验机进行挤压试验,试验证明所设计的成形方案合理可行,同时也验证了所设计的试验模具的可行性.     

AZ31镁合金轧制工艺的研究

对AZ31镁合金在400℃条件下的轧制工艺进行了研究,在不同压下量、不同道次条件下分别进行了轧制实验,并对轧制后AZ31板材的组织和力学性能进行了研究。实验结果表明:在400℃条件下,以小变形量轧制,每道次压下量为1mm时,较好的加工工艺条件为轧制到第8道次,累积变形量50%;每道次轧制压下量为2mm时,较好的加工工艺条件为轧制到第2道次,累积变形量为25%;AZ31镁合金在大变形量下轧制易产生裂纹,裂纹的产生可能是由于随着累积变形量增加,内应力激增,在难变形的硬取向晶粒区或第二相处产生应力集中,萌生裂纹。裂纹尖端扩展经过的区域变形量较大,因而裂纹两侧存在再结晶细晶区域。     

机械振动和半固态等温热处理对消失模 AZ91 D 组织的影响

研究了不同浇注温度下消失模铸造 AZ91 D 镁合金试样,在振动凝固和“ 振动凝固+ 半固态热处理冶 条件下组织的变化情况。 结果表明,对不同浇注温度下消失模铸造 AZ91 D 镁合金试样实施振动凝固都能细化试样的显微组织,且在浇注温度为 740 ℃ ,振动力为 1 . 5 kN 时细化效果最好;对经振动和不振动凝固的试样进行半固态等温热处理,两者的组织都能得到球化,且随着等温时间的延长,两者的组织都会合并长大,其中半固态等温热处理的较佳工艺为 570 ℃ 下保温 10 min。     

异步轧制AZ31镁合金板材的超塑性工艺及变形机制

经过异步轧制工艺获得AZ31镁合金薄板。在300~450℃范围内,分别通过5×10-3,1×10-3s-1和5×10-4s-1不同应变速率进行高温拉伸实验研究其超塑性变形行为,计算应变速率敏感指数m值、超塑性变形激活能Q及门槛应力σ0值。通过EBSD分析和扫描电镜观察拉伸断裂后的断口形貌,分析AZ31镁合金的超塑性变形机制。结果表明:AZ31镁合金的塑性变形能力随着变形温度的升高及应变速率的降低而增强。当拉伸温度为400℃、m=0.72、应变速率为5×10-4s-1时,AZ31具有良好的超塑性,伸长率最大为206%。温度为400℃时,异步轧制AZ31镁合金的超塑性变形是以晶格扩散控制的晶界滑移和基面滑移共同完成的。     

Cavitation Behavior during Superplastic Deformation of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy

Superplasticity of AZ31 Mg alloy at the temperature range of 250～450℃ and stain rate range of 0.7x10-3～ 1.4x 10-1 s-1 was examined through uniaxial tensile test. Optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to investigate the morphology of cavities and surface relief near fracture surface, respectively.It is shown that AZ31 Mg alloy starts to exhibit superplasticity from 300℃. The maximum elongation of 362.5%was obtained at 400℃ and strain rate of 0.7×10-3 s-1. There exist many O-shaped cavities and filaments at the boundaries near fracture surface. The fracture of filaments results in intergranular cavity and the model for the formation of intergranular cavities is proposed. The growth of cavities is plasticity-controlled and the serrated boundaries of intergranular cavities agree with the results of surface relieves.     

Microstructures and tensile properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy by continuous extrusion forming process

The objective of this study is to investigate the possibility of continuous extrusion forming (Conform process) of AZ31 magnesium alloy. The results indicate that continuous extrusion forming can refine the structure, improve the degree of the structure homogeneity and change the crystal orientation of basal plane and hence enhance the ductility but decrease tensile strength at room temperature. The fracture mechanisms of the material prepared by Conform process change from the mixture of ductile and brittle to the full dimpled rupture compared with the conventional extrudate.     

AZ31镁合金管材挤压成型数值模拟与实验研究

运用基于AZ31镁合金本构方程与ALE算法的HyperXtrude软件对典型AZ31薄壁管材的挤压过程进行数值模拟,并通过调整焊合室高度、焊合室大圆角及焊合室坡度3个结构参数,分析不同条件下应力分布与速率分布的变化情况。结果表明:焊合室内近工作带处压力随焊合室高度增加不断减小,分流孔与焊合室压力的最大值与平均值均随焊合室大圆角增大发生降低,分流孔与焊合室压力随焊合室入口坡度增大不断增大,并在焊合室高度为16mm、大圆角为18mm以及入口坡度为15°时金属流速均方差达到最小值。优化模具结构缓解了应力集中与流速不均等问题,在实验生产中得到合格产品,型材组织均匀细化。     

退火工艺对AZ31镁合金微观组织的影响

研究了不同退火工艺下AZ31镁合金的微观组织.结果表明,退火温度在200～350℃,保温时间在30～120min时,AZ31镁合金横向和纵向显微组织变化基本一致;退火温度为300℃,保温120min后晶粒度均达到最小值,横截面最小晶粒度约为11.51μm,纵截面最小晶粒度约为12.85μm.分析了晶粒度随退火温度和保温时间的变化情况.     

Isothermal Gas Forming of Mg Alloy AZ31 Sheet

There have been reports on sheet forming of Mg alloy in industry via the punch and die method;this paper is probably the first formal one for studying the sheet formability of AZ31 employing pressurized gas to press the sheet into a female die cavity at various elevated temperatures.The results indicate it is feasible to form a rectangular box via pressurized gas from extruded sheets of 0.5 and 1.7 mm thick.The formed box has 1:2 depth over width ratio,which should be large enough when dealing with realistic industrial sheet forming parts.Presently,forming a sheet of 0.5 mm thick is considered a technical challenge by industry,and it is conquered as demonstrated in this paper.Gas forming technique applied to Mg alloy is unprecedented and shows potential for industrial utilization.     

AZ31镁合金环境友好阳极氧化处理研究

通过正交试验得到AZ31镁合金无铬、无强氧化物的阳极氧化处理配方及工艺,运用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射分析及电化学测试系统对阳极氧化膜的组织结构与耐蚀性进行了表征。结果表明,该环境友好阳极氧化工艺可在AZ31镁合金表面形成具有一定耐蚀性的阳极氧化膜;所得阳极氧化膜表面质量好,是一种多孔的陶瓷膜,膜的物相主要是晶态的MgO、ZnO、Mg以及非晶态的MgAl2O4、Mg18Al23等;阳极氧化处理试样的自腐蚀电流密度减小,而腐蚀电位有所提高,说明镁合金表面形成的阳极氧化膜提高了镁合金表面的耐腐蚀性能。     

AZ31镁合金双向挤压有限元模拟与实验分析

采用有限元软件Deform-3D模拟和实验相结合的方法对AZ31镁合金双向挤压过程进行分析.研究发现,有限元模拟能真实反映镁合金挤压变形过程中的变形行为、应力应变分布状态以及不同工艺参数对挤压力的影响,并对挤压变形过程中的墩粗阶段、转角剪切阶段和挤压比变形区域的显微组织进行了分析与讨论.     

挤压对AZ91铸造镁合金力学性能的影响

对挤压变形前后的AZ91镁合金进行了微观组织和力学性能研究.结果表明:挤压成形后合金的抗拉强度和塑性均得到提高;孪晶的产生,导致挤压合金室温压缩的应力-应变曲线上有屈服平台出现;晶粒尺寸强烈影响合金的强度.室温时,挤压合金的流变强度较铸态的高,而高温压缩的强度则较铸态的低.     

等径道角 挤压工艺对铸态 AZ91D 镁合金组织的影响

目的介绍等径道角挤压的原理及其对铸态AZ91D镁合金的组织产生的作用。方法通过确定的试验工艺参数,对AZ91D镁合金进行了等径道角挤压变形试验。使用金相显微镜和扫描电镜(SEM),对变形前后的材料进行了显微组织的观察。结果通过进行ECAE挤压后,AZ91D镁合金中的黑色共晶相(Mg17Al12)产生了回溶,在机械剪切和动态再结晶的综合作用下,晶粒得到了细化。结论通过等径道角挤压,能明显改善铸态AZ91D镁合金的组织。     

苯甲酸钠对AZ31镁合金的缓蚀作用

发展适用于镁合金的环保型缓蚀剂对于有效抑制镁合金腐蚀、拓展其应用具有重要意义.苯甲酸钠(SB)作为缓蚀剂对镁合金的作用过去报道较少.为此,采用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、极化曲线、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等方法研究了苯甲酸钠对AZ31镁合金在3.5%NaCl腐蚀介质中的缓蚀作用.结果表明:SB是一种阳极型缓蚀剂,通过增大阳极极化有效抑制了AZ31镁合金的腐蚀;缓蚀率随SB浓度的增大而增加,可达87%以上;SB的缓蚀作用主要由在金属表面的吸附引起,在AZ31镁合金表面的吸附符合Temkin吸附模型.     

热挤压工艺对AZ31镁合金晶粒大小及性能的影响

对商用AZ31镁合金挤压棒材进行了不同工艺参数的挤压变形,系统研究了挤压工艺参数对AZ31镁合金晶粒大小以及性能的影响,并对镁合金组织的微晶尺寸进行了金相定量分析.研究结果表明,热变形可有效细化晶粒,但对AZ31镁合金晶粒细化是有限度的;对已通过热挤压变形晶粒细化的AZ31镁合金进一步进行大的塑性变形,其晶粒不但没有进一步的细化反而比挤压前略有长大.     

等径角挤压对AZ31镁合金组织及力学性能的影响

研究了电磁连铸AZ31镁合金沿A路径经常规等径角挤压(ECAE)和两步ECAE变形后的微观组织与力学性能.结果表明:与预挤压态相比,常规ECAE态合金随着挤压道次的增加,晶粒不断细化,伸长率不断提高,但屈服强度与抗拉强度逐渐降低;两步ECAE可以使晶粒进一步细化,伸长率、屈服强度与抗拉强度均提高.伸长率、屈服强度与抗拉...     

Forging of Mg‐Alloys AZ31 and AZ80

Mg‐wrought alloys recently became an engineer material of constantly increasing interest. The mechanical properties of extruded Mg‐feedstock of the alloys AZ80 and AZ31 indicate their suitability for automotive applications in form of high‐quality forgings. Therefore a detailed knowledge about the forming behaviour is of particular importance. In order to compare mechanical properties of available Mg‐feedstock qualities compression tests at room temperature have been carried out by applying batches of AZ31‐ and AZ80‐feedstock. Cylindrical specimens were made out of received continuously casted as well as extruded AZ31‐ and AZ80 ‐ rods. A quantitative analysis of Mg‐feedstock’s microstructure has been carried out. The characterization of the deformability of applied Mg‐feedstock under hot working conditions could be performed by means of uniaxial plain strain upsetting tests at temperatures between 300 and 450 °C as well as logarithmic strain rates of 10^‐1, 1 and 10s^‐1. It is shown that the chosen parameter range ensures an enhanced deformability of continuously as well as extruded Mg‐feedstock. The subsequently carried out determination of microstructural evolution could be related to obtained flow stress curves of applied batches of Mg‐feedstock. Furthermore, FVM/FEM‐systems have been employed in order to design a simplified geometry of heated forging dies suitable for forging tests. The tests have been carried out by means of a hydraulic press. During the tests their punch velocity has been varied between 1 and 40 mm/s. Hence numerically simulated results could be confirmed by practical tests. Exemplary forgings of a simplified shape were made out of all applied batches of Mg‐feedstock. No remarkable failures have been detected.