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以氦气为工质的行波热声发动机研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
随着对热声热机研究的深入,特别是行波热声发动机概念的提出,热声发动机效率得到了质的提高。为了实现热声发动机与制冷机的良好匹配,以氦气为工质时热声发动机需具有较低的起振温度、较大的压力波强度、较好的单频率特性。本文对自行研制的新型热声发动机进行了深入研究,以氦气为工质,在充气压力为2.0MPa时获得了1.19的压比,系统频率稳定在约73Hz,为利用新型热声发动机驱动脉管制冷机或其它热声制冷机创造了有利条件。此外,该热声发动机起振温度较低,初步具备了利用工业废热等低品位能源驱动的条件。 相似文献
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Thermoacoustic engine is a kind of novel heat engine based on thermoacoustic effect, with the merits of environmental benignity, simplicity, and reliability. In this work, looped travelling-wave thermoacoustic electric generators (LTTEGs) with one to four thermoacoustic stages have been developed and experimentally studied. It is observed that adding thermoacoustic stages can improve the thermal-electric efficiency of LTTEGs, while whether the extra stages lead to efficiency gain depends on the number of existing stages and other operating parameters (hot temperature, for instance). One main reason is that the Gedeon streaming, which might cause severe heat loss, can be enhanced by adding thermoacoustic stages and increasing hot temperature. The results suggest that the suppression of streaming in the looped thermoacoustic engine with multiple stages is even more urgent than in the traditional travelling-wave engine with only one stage. 相似文献
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外加扰动对热声发动机起振特性的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
热声发动机利用热声效应将热能转化为声功,系统中没有任何运动部件,具有结构简单、效率高、环境友好等突出优点。为了充分发挥热声发动机可利用低品位热能的优势,进一步降低系统的起振温度对热声热机的应用具有重要意义。该文首次提出利用外加扰动降低系统起振温度的设想,并在自行研制的多功能行波热声发动机实验台上进行了实验验证。初步实验结果表明,外加扰动可以大幅降低热声发动机的起振温度。实验以氮气为工质,当系统充气压力为0.9MPa时,通过加入压力扰动使系统的起振温度由原来的219℃降低到193℃。系统研究了外加扰动对热声发动机整个起振和消振过程的影响,获得的结果对加深热声系统起振机理的认识及热声发动机的实用化研究具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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Thermoacoustic technology has drawn increasing attention due to its advantages such as reliability and environmental benignity. Aiming at low‐grade heat recovery, we developed a travelling‐wave thermoacoustic electric generator consisting of a looped travelling‐wave thermoacoustic engine and a linear alternator. In order to explore the operating characteristics of the electric generator, we numerically analyzed the acoustic field characteristics with a modified model. The analysis shows that high acoustic impedance appears in all three stages, and the travelling‐wave component dominates the acoustic field of the loop, which is significant for both thermoacoustic conversion and acoustic power propagation. Furthermore, we also investigated the effects of external electric compliance, resistance, and hot end temperature on the output electric power, thermal‐electric efficiency, and other related parameters. In the experiments, a thermal‐electric efficiency of 3.7% with an output electric power of 24 W has been achieved, when the hot end temperature is 120°C. The relative Carnot efficiency can exceed 14% when the hot end temperature is between 120°C and 190°C. The promising results demonstrate the significant potential of thermoacoustic electric generation in low‐grade heat recovery. 相似文献
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以船用中速柴油机为研究对象,采用计算机仿真和台架试验相结合的方法对喷油正时进行优化。首先基于相应机型的理论参数设计模拟工况,通过模拟结果分析缸内燃烧与污染物排放,得到理论值范围内的最优喷油正时。根据最优值进行台架试验,验证最优的喷油正时参数。模拟结果表明:缸内燃烧过程中心相位会随着喷油正时的提前而前移,但总体的燃烧持续期变化不明显。缸内最高燃烧压力会随喷油提前角加大而增加,在上止点前8°和上止点前9°出现明显增量,喷油提前角继续增大,压力变化不明显。模拟排放数据表明上止点前10°喷油正时工况中,污染物排放性能达到最佳。台架试验结果证明,上止点前10°喷油正时的试验工况中,缸内循环效率和污染物排放性能达到最佳。 相似文献
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Masayasu HATAZAWA 《热科学学报(英文版)》2006,15(1):92-96
Oscillatory flow in a thermoacoustic sound wave generator is described. The thermoacoustic sound wave generator plays an important role in thermoacoustic equipment. The heat exchange between the working fluid and the stack, the acceleration and deceleration of the working fluid and viscous friction loss both in the stack and in the resonance tube influence the performance of the thermoacoustic sound wave generator. Particularly, oscillatory flow significantly influences the heat exchange mechanism between the working fluid and the stack. Temporal changes in pressure and velocity are sinusoidal inside the resonance tube. Flow forms an oscillatory jet just behind the tube outlet, and becomes intermittent far downstream outside the resonance tube. The open-end corrections of 0.63R, that is, the region where oscillatory flow characteristics are maintained downstream in spite of being outside the tube outlet, are confirmed by velocity measurements and flow visualization. Also, they are almost equal to acoustical theoretical results. 相似文献
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基于动态递归神经网络的HCCI发动机燃烧相位辨识模型 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了实现HCCI汽油机闭环反馈控制,提出了一种利用动态递归神经网络从气缸压力信号在线辨识燃烧相位CA50(燃烧50%累积放热量的曲轴转角)的方法.该方法采集上止点附近40°CA范围的气缸压力信号,经过归一化和主元素法降维处理后,得到一个由9个特征数构成的时间序列.一个Elman动态递归神经网络以该序列为输入,计算出燃烧相位CA50.以基于全可变气门机构的汽油HCCI发动机为对象,选取了台架试验中4个典型的HCCI动态变负荷过程数据,其中一个作为训练样本,另外3个作为测试样本.测试结果表明该方法对HCCI动态过程的燃烧相位CA50预测误差小于0.25°CA;与BP网络和RBF网络相比,具有更低的误差和更强的泛化能力;与直接热力学计算方法相比,具有突出的抗干扰性和容错能力. 相似文献
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This study reports a new concept for power generation from thermal energy, which integrates a thermoacoustic engine (TAE) with a contact-free electret-based electrostatic transducer. The TAE converts thermal energy into high-intensity acoustic energy, while the electret-based electrostatic transducer converts the generated acoustic energy into electricity. The experiments demonstrate the feasibility and potential of the proposed electret-based thermoacoustic-electrostatic power generator (TAEPG). The dynamic response of the electrostatic transducer and energy conversion inside the TAE are further investigated using a lumped element model and a frequency-domain reduced-order network model. Good agreement is achieved between experimental measurements and theoretical predictions. Furthermore, a parametric study is performed to study the effect of key parameters including the external heating power, air gap, and resistive load on the performance of the TAEPG. Results show that an open-circuit voltage amplitude of 4.7 V is produced at a closed-end pressure amplitude of 480 Pa in the experiment, and it is estimated that 25.2% of the acoustic power generated by the TAE has been extracted by the electret-based electrostatic transducer. In this case, the maximum electric power output is measured to be 2.91 μW at a resistive load of around 2.2 MΩ. By increasing the external heating power, the TAEPG can produce a maximum voltage amplitude of 8 V. This work shows that the proposed concept has great potential for developing miniature heat-driven power generators. 相似文献
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对于双级环路行波热声热机,两个热声核的相对位置直接影响到其起振温度,而热声热机的起振温差决定了其可利用的热源品位。基于线性热声理论分析,通过改变两个热声核的相对位置,研究了两个热声核的相对位置改变对其起振温差、压力振幅和压比等的影响。结果表明,双级环路行波热声热机的起振温度随着两个热声核从中心对称位置逐步靠近时先下降再上升,当两个热声核之间的谐振管长度比例为1:3.5时,系统获得最小的起振温差为59.6℃(工质为N2,充气压力为2.5 MPa)。在相同温差下,该系统在谐振管长度比例为1:3.5的位置相较于其他位置具有较大的压力振幅和压比。 相似文献
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综述了以朗肯循环为基础的低品位热源热机的研究现状,指出采用相变工质是朗肯循环热机的最大优点。简述了热声理论,指出热声转换对工质的本质要求取决于等压热膨胀系数β0通过对液相工质特性的讨论,指出工作于近临界状态下的液相工质热声热机是利用低品位热源的合理方案。 相似文献
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建立了汽油机连续可变凸轮相位(CVCP)调节系统的Hammerstein模型,其中相位器的动态线性模型基于力矩平衡方程和动态流量连续性方程建立,机油控制阀(OCV)的静态非线性模型根据压力-流量特性图建立,并利用Matlab/Simulink工具构建面向控制的图形化模型。在可变气门正时(VVT)系统试验台上进行不同机油温度下的开环控制试验,利用不同幅值和方向的相位角阶跃响应测量数据对模型进行检验。结果表明,所有试验条件下模型拟合度高于98%,均方根误差小于±1°。 相似文献
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Kuan Chen Seung Jin Oh Yoon Joon Lee Won Jong Oh Ki‐Hong Kim Wongee Chun 《国际能源研究杂志》2012,36(4):477-485
Two identical TA (ThermoAcoustic) lasers were constructed, tested, and characterized for the generation and manipulation of high‐amplitude acoustic waves from heat. Pyrex glass tubes with one open end and ceramics used in automobile catalytic converters were employed to fabricate the TA lasers. The ceramic stack in each TA laser was heated by a thin NiCr (nichrome) resistance wire at one end, and cooled at the other end by radiation and natural convection of atmospheric air. Generated acoustic energy and sound waves were analyzed for different power input rates and laser position arrangements. Changes in wave amplitude and phase difference due to triggered excitation and cross talking between the two TA lasers were investigated. Also tested and characterized were the focusing and synchronization of the two laser outputs for manipulating the acoustic waves and energy intensity. Direct applications of large quantities of acoustic energy generated by multiple TA lasers were addressed. It was found that the sound waves generated by a pair of identical TA lasers were almost 180° out of phase when the openings of the two lasers were very close to each other, resulting in much lower sound energy levels at the focusing point. When the two lasers were placed far apart, the phase difference between the two laser outputs varied with time. Amplitudes of both sound waves increased slightly when the two laser outputs were in phase. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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分析了水洗消烟系统的净化原理,设计了水洗消烟净化方案,建立了气液二相流模型,通过对喷淋式消烟系统内部流场和温度场的数值模拟,对设计尺寸、位置进行了修正;进行了等比模型试验进一步改进了喷淋系统,制作实物模型进行试验,结果表明,喷淋式消烟系统能够使柴油机烟度、NOx和噪声得到良好的控制,在柴油机后处理领域应用前景广阔。 相似文献