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农药制剂和农用表面活性剂分属两个行业。以制剂技术发展的3个时期为主线,分析了两者在各个时期的发展目标,解决共性关键技术、互动开发创新的过程和当前农药制剂的发展走向,提出与现有农用表面活性剂在产品结构上的矛盾,进而对阴离子、阳离子、两性离子表面活性剂及高分子表面活性剂等建议开发创新的品种、重点、思路分别进行了论述。 相似文献
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国产新型表面活性剂在水基性农药制剂中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
正表面活性剂是现代农药制剂技术的重要成分,没有表面活性剂就不可能有当今复杂农药的安全性和有效的发挥作用,也不可能产生效益,更奢谈环境友好型制剂。这类表面活性剂通常称为农用表面活性剂或农用(药)助剂、农药乳化剂。 相似文献
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醇醚糖苷在农药微乳液中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]醇醚糖苷(AEG)是一种新型绿色功能性表面活性剂,在农药制剂中尚少有应用。研制含醇醚糖苷的啶虫脒微乳液,并将其与常规的乳油制剂做润湿力、动态接触角和药液沉积量对比试验,考察醇醚糖苷在农药制剂中应用的实际效果及可行性。[结果]通过溶剂、表面活性剂复配的筛选及拟三元相图的绘制,确定了以醇醚糖苷与十二烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)复配作乳化剂,制备了3%和5%啶虫脒微乳液。与常规的乳油制剂相比,用醇醚糖苷制备的微乳液表面活性剂用量低,润湿性和药液沉积量优于同类乳油产品。[结论]醇醚糖苷性能优越,可作为农药乳化剂和增效剂使用。 相似文献
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Jadwiga Palicka 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1991,50(3):331-349
Amphoteric surfactants are widely known for their extreme skin kindness, decreasing the irritation of otherwise irritant surfactants, especially anionics, giving low-irritant shampoo ingredients. New high quality amphoteric compounds have been developed. These new amphoterics offer exciting possibilities in several new application areas. Considerable development work has been undertaken to investigate new detergent formulations based on these novel amphoterics. Because of the very low concentration of Ampholak 7TX, the formulations give most effective products with low biological load. Data concerning the increasingly important subject of biodegradability and toxicity are shown. This includes both primary and inherent biodegradability and toxicity of metabolites. 相似文献
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3种有机硅助剂对2种水性化农药制剂的增效作用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为评价有机硅助剂对2种水性化农药制剂生物活性的影响,采用室内生物测定,以不含有机硅助剂的制剂为对照,对分别添加有机硅助剂S233、S240、FGM683的30%毒死蜱水乳剂和10%苯醚菌酯悬浮剂室内活性进行了测定。结果表明,3种有机硅助剂对2种水性化制剂的生物活性均具有不同程度的影响,添加有机硅助剂的制剂,其室内活性几乎都高于未添加有机硅助剂的制剂,且添加不同的有机硅助剂,室内活性有较大差异,其中有机硅助剂S233和FGM683的增效作用较为明显,且S233效果最好。 相似文献
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[目的]考察不同有机硅助剂对农药制剂性能的影响及增效作用.[方法]通过配方筛选,研制了含不同有机硅助剂的30%毒死蜱水乳剂,对制剂的质量技术指标进行了评价,以褐飞虱为靶标、未添加有机硅助剂的30%毒死蜱水乳剂为对照,对制剂的室内生物活性进行了测定.[结果]研制的含有机硅助剂的30%毒死蜱水乳剂物理稳定性合格,各项性能指标均符合水乳剂的标准;含有机硅助剂的制剂室内毒力高于未添加有机硅的制剂或与其相当,有机硅ZJ233和ZJ683的增效作用较为明显,其中ZJ233效果最好,毒力提高了1.76倍.[结论]可见不同的有机硅助剂对制剂活性的影响不同,通过对有机硅助剂的筛选,研制相关制剂配方,应用于农业有害生物防治,具有较好的应用前景. 相似文献
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Surfactants based on the linear secondary alcohols provide a new source of biodegradable detergents. The nonionic surfactants
of these alcohols are discussed in relationship to their surfactant properties and performance in detergent formulations.
The performance properties in detergent formulations are defined by the results of detergency and foam stability tests. The
surfactant properties presented are viscosity, surface tension, wetting and alkaline color stability.
The above properties of the nonionic surfactants from the linear secondary alcohols have been compared to the properties of
the less degradable nonylphenol nonionics and to the nonionic surfactants from the linear alkylphenol, oxo alcohol and Ziegler
alcohol hydrophobes. 相似文献
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<正>3.1.1.1槐糖脂槐糖脂通过不致病的酵母菌株例如假丝酵母(Candida sp,特别是Candida bombicola)生产,尽管某些菌株如Wickerhamiella domercqiae、Pichia anomala、Rhodotorula bogoriensis也可用于生产,但C.bombicola是迄今唯一用于其商业生产的菌株~([38])。槐糖脂的结构如下。 相似文献
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农药残留及其纳米颗粒的毒性问题 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
简述了农药施用后在环境中的残留及相应的毒性问题。在常用农药剂型中,有些农药的颗粒非常细小,甚至达到纳米水平,而纳米颗粒则具有独特的理化性质,但农药颗粒的纳米效应对植物病虫草害的作用未引起足够的重视,这方面的研究尚属空白。现今,随着加工技术的发展,新的农药剂型不断问世,商业化“纳米农药”即将进入市场,然而,纳米农药能否大幅度提高药效以及是否真正绿色环保尚需严格的试验验证;相反,纳米农药由于其超细颗粒可能具有的纳米毒性继而引发新的环境污染问题却令人担忧。 相似文献
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When designing surfactant formulations using ionic and nonionic surfactants, the hydrophile lipophile balance (HLB) is a generalized surfactant characterization parameter that has shown to be useful when designing surfactant formulations, in the case of both ionic and nonionic surfactants (Davies' and Griffin's methods). Microemulsion phase behavior studies have been extensively used to optimize surfactant formulations, but these studies can cover a very wide phase space and can often encounter troublesome non-equilibrium issues such as coacervation. Detailed phase behavior studies can be time-consuming and difficult to apply beyond the specific surfactant-oil system studied. The hydrophilic–lipophilic deviation (HLD) provides a method to help expedite surfactant formulation research by reducing the number of phase behavior studies required to optimize a given formulation. Detergency experiments have indicated that there is an optimal range of HLD for a given fabric surface. This appears to apply to other applications, as well, for example, surfactant formulations used in enhanced oil recovery have been optimized using the HLD method. These studies found that the HLD can reflect total oil recovery, even if the surfactants were derived from different alcohol feedstocks (e.g., HLD of 0 would describe optimum conditions regardless the type of surfactant). Also with additional parameterization, the HLD method can also be applied to non-ideal surfactant mixtures, specifically ionic/nonionic blends. Overall, the HLD framework has shown to be an effective screening tool for a wide range of surfactant-related applications when appropriate experiments, assumptions, and understanding of surfactant and oil interactions are used to generate the HLD parameters. 相似文献