基于位置灵敏光电倍增管的小型γ相机

描述了一套基于位置灵敏光电倍增管（PSPMT）的小型γ相机系统的建立与测试。该系统由PSPMT、整体式NaI(Tl)晶体、平行孔铅准直器和电子学系统构成,其对^57Co(122keV)泛源γ射线的能量分辨率为27％;对于2mm直径铅准直孔的空间分辨率（FWHM）约为4mm。测试结果表明,这种γ相机在小视野放射性显影方面与传统γ相机相比有其优越性。     

高分辨小型伽玛相机位置读出电路研究

本文介绍一种新型的位置读出方法,用于开发高分辨的小型伽玛相机.该伽玛相机采用小单元的CsI(Na)晶体阵列与位置灵敏光电倍增管(PSPMT)结合的探测器.其位置读出电路的设计把常规的阻抗电荷分配法与多路单通道直接读出法的优点结合在一起,由硬件实现局域重心法(Truncated center of gravity)计算读出的位置,取得很好的效果.该伽玛相机的内在分辨率接近1 mm,视野(FOV)达探测器的灵敏范围.这种新型的位置读出方法也可用于更高集成度的多阳极的位置灵敏光电倍增管的位置读出.     

关联α粒子探测器设计和性能研究

关联粒子成像技术（API）是进行爆炸物检测和有源核查的重要手段,而关联α粒子探测器的空间分辨和时间分辨直接决定成像系统的空间分辨能力。本文依托中国原子能科学研究院核数据重点实验室移动中子发生器,结合具有快时间响应的ZnO：Ga与最新的位置灵敏光电倍增管(PSPMT)H13700,设计可用于API的关联α粒子探测器系统。通过SCDC-TCOG将256路信号简化为4路信号,利用数字化仪对信号进行采集分析。通过离线实验对关联粒子探测器的时间性能和空间分辨性能进行了测试。利用刀口法测得空间分辨好于1 mm,并通过狭缝法和栅条法进行了验证。通过测量²⁵²Cf裂变碎片和瞬发伽马符合测量获得系统时间分辨好于1 ns,达到了应用需求。     

CDEX实验中CsI(Tl)晶体反符合探测器实验测试

CDEX(China Dark matter EXperiment)合作组将在中国锦屏极深地下实验室(CJPL China Jin-Ping deep underground Laboratory)利用极低能阈高纯锗(ULE-HPGe)探测器进行暗物质的直接探测。在地下实验之前,对CsI(Tl)晶体反符合探测器进行了地面的实验研究。主要包括光导的选择,光反射层的选择,CsI(Tl)晶体的高度一致性测试,不同侧面非均匀性的测试,以及所有晶体的测试结果。通过地面实验的前期工作,我们对反符合探测器有了一定认识,为地下实验做了准备。     

大面积塑料闪烁体探测模块的性能测试

介绍了大面积塑料闪烁体探测模块的设计、研制及其组成,重点介绍大面积塑料闪烁体探测模块的性能测试.     

2×2阵列H8500光电倍增管简化读出电路的设计

研发了基于两级电阻网络简化电路结合局域重心法定位的简化读出电子学电路,用于2×2阵列的H8500多阳极位置灵敏光电倍增管的前端位置信号读出与处理。实验结果显示:此设计方案能有效将256路读出信号简化至4路处理信号,还能较好分辨出1.2mm像素的NaI(Tl)阵列晶体,同时使探测器的成像视野达到探测器内在的灵敏范围。对各光电管单元边缘及拼接的交界区,需进行有效的光学补偿,才能较好弥补非灵敏区像素的探测性能。     

两种大面积塑料闪烁探测器的性能对比及工艺设计

介绍了塑料闪烁探测器的基本组成和工作过程,针对两种不同尺寸、型号的大面积塑料闪烁探测器性能参数进行了对比.简单介绍了整体探测部件的工艺设计.     

自制CsI(Tl)晶体的能量测量性能

本文介绍了近代物理研究所自行生长的CsI(Tl)晶体用于γ射线及重离子能量测量的结果。测量662keVγ射线时得到好于10%的能量分辨(采用光电倍增管读出),同时光输出可达到同类型晶体的130%;测量能量为30MeV/u左右的重离子时得到好于2%的能量分辨(采用光二极管读出)。     

硅PIN光电二极管探测系统的研究

本文主要研究了基于PIN光电二极管与CsI(T1)晶体的γ射线辐射探测器,给出了电流放大型和电压放大型的原理图以及制板图,并对其性能做了简单分析.     

大面积闭气式正比计数器的主要性能测试

山西中辐核仪器有限责任公司自主研发生产了40～600 cm²的各种型号的大面积闭气式正比计数器,选取其中有效面积为517 cm²的一款进行测试,主要包括本底计数率、坪曲线、表面发射率响应、变异系数等物理指标。测试结果表明,相同测试环境及实验条件下,探测器在1 620 V工作电压时,本底计数率为24.5 cps,表面发射率响应为50.4%,变异系数为0.85%等。     

Fabrication and high heat flux test of large mockups for ITER first wall semi-prototype

The main topic of an ITER blanket first wall procurement is to qualify whether each party has the key technology needed for the fabrication and joining of first wall components. A semi-prototype qualification project will be released requiring that the single components of a full-scale first wall must be fabricated and successfully pass high heat flux tests using a hypervapotron cooling channel. In this work, various mockup types have been modeled and fabricated to develop the joining technology for a semi-prototype. The semi-prototype, which has three double-fingered panels, is a scaled-down component of a full-size first wall. The standard or slit mockups with a 80 mm × 80 mm single beryllium tile joined to a CuCrZr heat sink were fabricated to qualify our HIP (Hot Isostatic Pressing) technology for the joining of semi-prototype. These standard mockups were installed to perform a high heat flux test in the Korea heat load test facility (KoHLT). For a preliminary test of a semi-prototype, thermo-hydraulic mockups of 710 mm × 100 mm were designed and fabricated to verify the Cu/SS cooling performance, such as hypervapotron. For the high heat flux test in our KoHLT facility, the normal cycle is based on an expected heat flux of 300 s in accordance with the ITER qualification specifications. These tests will be performed to qualify the joining technologies, which is required for an ITER blanket first wall and a semi-prototype.     

SSRF高性能数字化电源检测系统

设计了上海光源(SSRF)高性能数字化电源检测系统的硬件,并采用LabVIEW开发了RS-232/以太网通信的系统检测软件,实现了仪器与数字化电源控制和24 h的数据采集、显示与保存功能.用户可通过局域网方便地通过此系统获取数据,并用Excel格式存储数据为SSRF数字化电源系统性能分析和建立数字化电源性能指标数据库提供依据.     

大面积表面污染测量仪主要性能测试与分析

针对用于测量α、β射线的便携式大面积表面污染测量仪,为确保其测量性能,本文根据JJG 478—2016和GB/T 5202—2008标准要求,对自主研发的便携式α、β大面积表面污染测量仪的均匀性、探测效率、探测限、响应时间和温度稳定性等主要性能指标进行了测试。结果表明:便携式大面积表面污染测量仪的表面发射率响应对²⁴¹Amα源为30.4%左右,对⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Yβ源为48.1%,对³⁶Clβ源为45.5%左右;最低可探测下限对²⁴¹Amα源为0.15 Bq/cm²,对β源⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y为0.07 Bq/cm²,对β源³⁶Cl为0.09 Bq/cm²;响应时间<4 s;在-10℃～40℃时可正常工作。各项参数指标满足标准要求,能够有效达到防止污染扩散,保证工作人员安全的目的。     

Design of the material performance test apparatus for high temperature gas-cooled reactor

Most materials can be easily corroded or ineffective in carbonaceous atmospheres at high temperatures in the reactor core of the high temperature gas-cooled reactor （HTGR）. To solve the problem, a material performance test apparatus was built to provide reliable materials and technical support for relevant experiments of the HTGR. The apparatus uses a center high-purity graphite heater and surrounding thermal insulating layers made of carbon fiber felt to form a strong carbon reducing atmosphere inside the apparatus. Specially designed tungsten rhenium thermocouples which can endure high temperatures in carbonaceous atmospheres are used to control the temperature field. A typical experimental process was analyzed in the paper, which lasted 76 hours including seven stages. Experimental results showed the test apparatus could completely simulate the carbon reduction atmosphere and high temperature environment the same as that confronted in the real reactor and the performance of screened materials had been successfully tested and verified. Test temperature in the apparatus could be elevated up to 1600℃, which covered the whole temperature range of the normal operation and accident condition of HTGR and could fully meet the test reauirements of materials used in the reactor.     

高性能微电流集成放大器的设计

介绍了用ICL7650运算放大器设计高性能微电流集成放大器的方法,阐述了电路的工作原理和提高放大器性能的措施,给出了实际应用的实验结果。该放大器测量范围10^-9～10^-12A,自换量程,自动校零,测量准确,工作稳定。     

Three pass core design proposal for a high performance light water reactor

The paper describes a novel core concept for a nuclear reactor cooled with supercritical water, in which the coolant is heated up from 280 °C at the reactor inlet to 500 °C at the outlet in four steps: a first heat-up step is provided by heat transfer from fuel assemblies to the moderator water in gaps and moderator boxes, a second step is foreseen in a central “evaporator” and two further steps in a first and a second superheater surrounding it. The coolant flow scheme includes upward and downward flow through the core with intermediate mixing in chambers above and below the core to eliminate hot streaks. A preliminary single channel analysis, concentrating on an average flow channel and on the hottest one only, indicates that such core design can match the limits of cladding materials available today. Even though the resultant pressure drop of the coolant will be higher than usual, it is expected that the assembly boxes can be designed with acceptable deformations.     

上海光源储存环X-ray针孔相机系统设计

上海光源(SSRF)储存环X-ray针孔相机系统主要由X-ray引出前端、衰减片、小孔、靶片、相机、PXI控制器及图像采集等构成,数据采集处理软件在LabVIEW平台上开发,与控制系统的接口通过EPICS Shared Memory IOCcore技术实现。2009年8月开始的长时间在线运行证明引出前端是安全的,在300mA运行时,测量引出窗的最高温度≤36℃。该系统设计合理、性能稳定,可在线实时测量数十μm束团横向截面尺寸,从而实现3.9nm·rad发射度的测量。     

大功率固态调制器组元电路设计与实验

文章介绍了用于直线加速器的大功率固态调制器组元电路设计,电路中采用了3.3 kVIGBT及大尺寸纳米晶磁环,磁环采用国产材料,在施加偏磁情况下磁芯伏秒数达到0.006.介绍了驱动电路、反向吸收、偏磁等辅助电路.最后给出了动态磁性能测量结果及组元电路主要波形.     

上海光源X射线针孔相机控制系统设计

采用美国NI公司的PXI-7344运动控制卡对衰减片进行控制;通过RS232协议控制小孔四维移动平台和相机二维移动平台的运动,实现对小孔位置、倾角和相机位置的调节;NI公司的PXI-8252板卡用于1394相机的图像采集.所有控制功能均有机地集成于LabVIEW界面中,实现各部件的协调配合运动,并通过EPICSShar...