共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 69 毫秒
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介绍了空间探测中航天器的各种软着陆方式和月球探测器的软着陆特点,对前苏联和美国成功着陆的月球探测器概况进行了综述,并提出了我国在月球探测软着陆器的设计、研制阶段所面临的一些主要课题。 相似文献
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针对无人月球探测器缓冲着陆运动抛投试验中对探测器缓冲着陆过程中三维姿态、三维速度等运动参数和缓冲着陆机构缓冲行程的测量,设计了基于计算机视觉的抛投试验测量系统。首先,在探测器主体结构上喷绘若干对顶角标志,并用全站仪测量出这些标志的空间坐标。然后,用高速摄像机采集探测器缓冲着陆过程的序列图像。最后,利用单目视觉的方法对标志的空间坐标及探测器的序列图像进行处理得到上述参数。该系统硬件设备简单,软件操作方便。理论分析和实验验证均表明,采用该系统测量探测器运动参数,其姿态角测量精度优于4′,运动速度测量精度约为0.02m/s,探测器缓冲行程精度约为4mm,完全满足无人月球探测器缓冲着陆运动试验中的测量精度要求。 相似文献
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提出一种月球基地车辆自校准导航方法,包括基于到达时间(TOA)和到达时间差(TDOA)的车辆自校准导航方法以及基于接收信号强度指示(RSSI)的车辆自校准导航方法,能够实现月球基地车辆高精度导航.文中首先给出了惯性导航自校准方程,包括位置坐标、速度、加速度、角速度、角度等的自校准状态方程和自校准量测方程,能够有效地对陀... 相似文献
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磁流变半主动落锤冲击缓冲系统的"软着陆"控制试验与分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了基于磁流变能量吸收器(Magnetorheological energy absorber,MREA)的单自由度冲击缓冲控制系统在落锤激励条件下的控制方法,实现最大化利用MREA的活塞行程并在活塞行程终点落锤速度减小至0的落锤"软着陆"控制目标.建立了基于MREA的单自由度冲击缓冲系统的动力学模型和试验测试系统.为了准确模拟MREA的磁滞非线性力,基于基本RC算子磁滞模型研究了MREA磁滞非线性力前馈跟踪方案.根据落锤的实时状态得出落锤下落的期望反馈,从而得出期望阻尼力进而实现落锤的缓冲控制.仿真分析和试验测试验证了基于准确的MREA磁滞非线性力模型的MREA冲击缓冲系统"软着陆"控制方案的可行性. 相似文献
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大型月球模拟器总体研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
论述了大型月球模拟器的工作原理,对口径为Φ2 500mm月球模拟器进行了系统设计,整个系统由光源、匀光板、光源控制系统、计算机控制系统、模拟器机械系统等组成。提出了大型月球模拟器光学系统的设计方案,采用LED阵列作为月球模拟器光源,使用光源控制系统控制LED组元的亮灭模拟月相变化,从而真实地模拟了月球的准直、均匀性以及月相变换的特性。经对月球模拟器进行光机结构分析和仿真分析,得到其最大自重变形为16.4μm,最大自重应变为2.1×10-4 m/m,不同月相的发光面照度不均匀度为14.7%,亮度不均匀度为17.2%,均满足设计指标要求。 相似文献
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The prober with an immovable lander and a movable rover is commonly used to explore the Moon’s surface. The rover can complete the detection on relatively flat terrain of the lunar surface well, but its detection efficiency on deep craters and mountains is relatively low due to the difficulties of reaching such places. A lightweight four-legged landing and walking robot called “FLLWR” is designed in this study. It can take off and land repeatedly between any two sites wherever on deep craters, mountains or other challenging landforms that are difficult to reach by direct ground movement. The robot integrates the functions of a lander and a rover, including folding, deploying, repetitive landing, and walking. A landing control method via compliance control is proposed to solve the critical problem of impact energy dissipation to realize buffer landing. Repetitive landing experiments on a five-degree-of-freedom lunar gravity testing platform are performed. Under the landing conditions with a vertical velocity of 2.1 m/s and a loading weight of 140 kg, the torque safety margin is 10.3% and 16.7%, and the height safety margin is 36.4% and 50.1% for the cases with or without an additional horizontal disturbance velocity of 0.4 m/s, respectively. The study provides a novel insight into the next-generation lunar exploration equipment. 相似文献
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为了提高柔性飞机机体储存的着陆功量耗散效率和飞机通过弹伤抢修跑道性能,根据需求分析,设计了一种双气室油气式油孔阻尼力智能控制缓冲器.仿真研究结果表明,该缓冲器具有优化的着陆性能、机体储存的着陆功量耗散效率显著提高、越过18cm高的弹伤抢修跑道凸起时过载下降15%. 相似文献
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面向探月卫星景象导航的局部基准图制备 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了可靠制备月球卫星景象辅助导航和着陆过程中的月面局部基准图,分析了月面局部基准图制备过程中出现的相关问题和解决方法。结合"嫦娥二号"月球卫星测控和导航实际约束条件分析了各种误差的起因及限制方法,给出了基于美国月球勘测轨道飞行器相机(LROC)全月面基准影像图的月面局部基准图制备算法。实验结果表明,按照所提方法生成的局部基准图与"嫦娥二号"局部正摄投影图像面特征一致,由映射变换产生的图像坐标最大定位误差为7.065 1m,观测图尺寸为20km×20km时的最大形变偏差为6.18m,正摄投影图像面特征和定位偏差均能够满足月球卫星景象导航定位精度的要求。 相似文献
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首先建立了主动控制起落架系统的非线性动力学模型。然后根据最优控制理论,在Matlab的环境下,应用模拟退火算法设计了多目标最优的PID控制器。最后应用Simulink控制系统仿真软件对主、被动起落架在地面信号为弹伤跑道信号的条件下进行了性能仿真。对仿真结果进行了分析比较,得出的结论是利用最优控制理论设计的多目标最优的PID控制器的主动控制起落架能显著降低飞机的振动冲击载荷,能提高飞机机体和起落架的疲劳寿命,降低跑道不平度对飞机机体和起落架的冲击载荷和振动响应;同时提高飞机的滑行品质和乘客的舒适性。 相似文献
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柔性飞机起落架智能半主动控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了提高柔性飞机机体储存的着陆功量耗散效率和飞机通过弹伤抢修跑道性能,根据需求分析,设计了一种双气室油气式油孔阻尼力智能控制缓冲器.仿真研究结果表明,该缓冲器具有优化的着陆性能,机体储存的着陆功量耗散效率显著提高,越过18 cm高的弹伤抢修跑道凸起时,其过载量可下降15%. 相似文献
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This paper introduces a method to generate the planar jumping motion for biped robot. In this work, through determining the upper body posture trajectory in the flight phase, the foot landing posture is made to be flat while landing. Together with properly designing the trajectory for local center of gravity and the foot landing velocity, the soft landing trajectory is generated. A controller on the ankle joint is added to avoid significant impact with the ground and stabilize the robot after landing. Jumping motion with stable landing is achieved in a dynamic simulation environment based on this method. 相似文献
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Virtual simulation system with path-following control for lunar rovers moving on rough terrain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Virtual simulation technology is of great importance for the teleoperation of lunar rovers during the exploration phase,as well as the design of locomotion systems,performance evaluation,and control strategy verification during the R&D phase.The currently used simulation methods for lunar rovers have several disadvantages such as poor fidelity for wheel-soil interaction mechanics,difficulty in simulating rough terrains,and high complexity making it difficult to realize mobility control in simulation systems.This paper presents an approach for the construction of a virtual simulation system that integrates the features of 3D modeling,wheel-soil interaction mechanics,dynamics analysis,mobility control,and visualization for lunar rovers.Wheel-soil interaction experiments are carried out to test the forces and moments acted on a lunar rover’s wheel by the soil with a vertical load of 80 N and slip ratios of 0,0.03,0.05,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,and 0.6.The experimental results are referenced in order to set the parameters’ values for the PAC2002 tire model of the ADAMS/Tire module.In addition,the rough lunar terrain is simulated with 3DS Max software after analyzing its characteristics,and a data-transfer program is developed with Matlab to simulate the 3D reappearance of a lunar environment in ADAMS.The 3D model of a lunar rover is developed by using Pro/E software and is then imported into ADAMS.Finally,a virtual simulation system for lunar rovers is developed.A path-following control strategy based on slip compensation for a six-wheeled lunar rover prototype is researched.The controller is implemented by using Matlab/Simulink to carry out joint simulations with ADAMS.The designed virtual lunar rover could follow the planned path on a rough terrain.This paper can also provide a reference scheme for virtual simulation and performance analysis of rovers moving on rough lunar terrains. 相似文献
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软体机械臂由于具有多自由度、高灵活性、较强的环境适应能力以及安全可交互性高等优势,近年来在生物医疗和海洋勘探等诸多领域得到广泛应用。 软体机械臂采用高度可变形的柔性材料制作而成,由于其材料的非线性特征,软体机械臂的精确控制一直是该领域的研究重点和难点,国内外研究人员针对软体机械臂的控制方法开展了大量研究并取得了较大进展。 但是目前仍然存在若干问题,亟待探讨解决方法。 为此,本文梳理了近十年来国内外研究人员在软体机械臂的运动控制方法上取得的研究成果,分析总结了目前软体机械臂常用的控制方法和最新技术等,指出了软体机械臂控制面临的难题与挑战,并对软体机械臂控制方法的未来发展方向进行了探讨和展望。 相似文献