秋刀鱼内脏磷脂的化学特性研究

采用超临界二氧化碳(SC-CO_2)与有机溶剂提取两种方法对秋刀鱼内脏中的磷脂进行提取,研究了两种方法提取的磷脂及SC-CO_2提取所得磷脂中的磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)的脂肪酸组成及含量,并对SC-CO_2提取磷脂的酸值、过氧化值等理化指标进行检测分析。结果表明:SC-CO_2法的提取率(23.90±1.10)%(干重)高于有机溶剂法的提取率(20.81±1.25)%(干重),但两者无显著差异(P0.05);SC-CO_2法所得磷脂的脂肪酸总量高于有机溶剂法的,其中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)的含量分别为8.80%和8.95%,二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的含量分别为43.20%和43.82%;PC、PE的脂肪酸组成之间无显著差异(P0.05);磷脂酸值(KOH)为(21.52±0.57)mg/g,过氧化值为(2.06±0.12)mmol/kg,均符合JECFA标准Lecithin(Phosphalipides,Phospholipids;INS No.322(ⅰ))的规定。     

缩醛磷脂酰胆碱和缩醛磷脂酰乙醇胺的制备及其对氧自由基的清除作用

为探索猪心脏中缩醛磷脂酰胆碱(plas-PC)和缩醛磷脂酰乙醇胺(plas-PE)的制备方法并评价其对氧自由基的清除能力,以猪心脏为原料,经总磷脂提取、磷脂酰胆碱(PC)和磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)柱层析分离、碱水解制备缩醛磷脂、硅酸柱层析等过程,研究了缩醛磷脂酰胆碱和缩醛磷脂酰乙醇胺的制备方法,并采用超氧阴离子自由基、羟自由基抑制法评价了其抗氧化活性.结果表明,在优化层析条件下,获得的PC纯度为93.5%,产率为36.3%;PE的纯度为91.6%,产率为18.5%.以硅酸为介质进行分步洗脱,获得的plas-PC和plas-PE的纯度为90.2%和92.5%,含磷量为1.67mg/mL和2.18mg/mL,基于总磷脂的产率为3.3%和4.3%.10.0mg/mL plas-PE和plas-PC对超氧阴离子自由基及羟自由基抑制率分别为46.10%、39.11%和33.39%、31.01%.     

六种鱼鱼头磷脂的组成及脂质脂肪酸分析

为研究海水鱼和淡水鱼鱼头磷脂及脂质脂肪酸组成的差异,以海水鱼(马鲛鱼、巴浪鱼、金鲳鱼)和淡水鱼(罗非鱼、鲫鱼、鲢鱼)鱼头为研究对象,利用Floch法提取6种鱼鱼头总脂;硅胶柱层析法将总脂分离收集中性脂、糖脂和磷脂;薄层层析(thin layer chromatography,TLC)分析比较6种鱼鱼头磷脂种类的分布、组成;气相色谱(Gas chromatography,GC)分析6种鱼鱼头脂质的脂肪酸组成。结果表明,6种鱼鱼头中提取率最高的脂质类型为中性脂,占总脂的48.98%~77.84%,其次为磷脂,占总脂的5.93%~22.86%,糖脂提取率最低,占总脂的3.67%~15.91%。鱼头磷脂中共检出4种磷脂组分,分别为磷脂酰乙醇胺(Phosphatidylethanolamine,PE)、磷脂酰胆碱(Phosphatidylcholine,PC)、鞘磷脂(Sphingomyelin,SM)、溶血磷脂酰胆碱(Lysophosphatidylcholine,LPC),其中PC明显高于其他磷脂组分。脂质中均含有较高含量的多不饱和脂肪酸(Poly-unsaturated fatty acid,PUFA),其中以二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoic acid,DHA)为主,且均含有二十碳五烯酸(eicosapntemacnioc acid,EPA),海水鱼和淡水鱼鱼头磷脂中DHA和EPA占总脂肪酸的比例最高,分别为18.39%~21.43%和5.61%~10.38%,且海水鱼鱼头中以DHA和EPA为主的PUFA含量高于淡水鱼鱼头。因此,海水鱼鱼头是提取n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的潜在资源,尤其是制备n-3多不饱和脂肪酸型磷脂的良好来源。     

不同磷脂成分的研究及其乳化能力的比较

目的:对不同磷脂的组成成分和脂肪酸比例进行研究,比较不同磷脂在乳剂中的乳化能力。方法:采用《中国药典》中蛋黄卵磷脂(供注射用)的磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺和有关物质含量的测定方法,分别测定大豆卵磷脂、蛋黄卵磷脂以及蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱中的磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)、溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(LPE)、磷脂酰肌醇(PI)、鞘磷脂(SM)的含量;采用气相色谱法对大豆卵磷脂、蛋黄卵磷脂、蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱中主要的脂肪酸进行含量测定;分别采用大豆卵磷脂、蛋黄卵磷脂和蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱作为乳化剂进行脂肪乳的制备,以脂肪乳的平均粒径、粒径分布、D_(90)值、ζ电位和表面张力作为考察指标,对3种不同磷脂的乳化能力进行综合评价。结果:大豆卵磷脂、蛋黄卵磷脂、蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱中成分组成,脂肪酸组成及比例均有明显差异;采用大豆卵磷脂、蛋黄卵磷脂、蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱作为乳化剂制备的乳剂的物理稳定性也有显著差异。结论:大豆卵磷脂、蛋黄卵磷脂以及蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱由于其来源和制备工艺不同,使得其各自的成分和脂肪酸组成不一致,组成成分和脂肪酸的差异进一步导致了其乳化能力有所差异。     

柱层析法分离大豆磷脂

通过实验探讨了使用低压制备色谱柱在等度洗脱方式下分离大豆磷脂中的磷脂酰肌醇(PI)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、磷脂酰胆碱(PC)等成分.结果表明,在使用100cm×26 mm规格的色谱柱、氯仿-甲醇(2∶1)作为流动相、流速控制在3.0 mL/min,负载量为0.25 g/150 g硅胶(100～200目)的条件下可以分离得到PI纯度在90%以上、PE纯度在80%以上、PC纯度在95%以上的各种产品.     

小龙虾各部位磷脂分布、种类及其脂肪酸组成特性分析

利用Bligh-Dyer法提取小龙虾(Procambarus clarkii)头胸部、虾螯、虾尾壳和虾尾肉中的总脂,利用硅胶柱层析分析比较各部位总脂中糖脂、中性脂和磷脂的含量,利用薄层层析(Thin layer chromatography,TLC)分析比较磷脂种类的分布、组成及含量,利用气相色谱-质谱(Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)分析小龙虾各部位磷脂的脂肪酸组成并与总脂、中性脂和糖脂进行比较。结果表明:小龙虾头胸部的总脂含量最高(2.61%),其脂质种类以占总脂72.85%的中性脂为主,磷脂含量为16.52%,同时含有10.63%的糖脂;虾螯、虾尾壳和虾尾肉总脂含量在0.45%~0.70%之间,均以磷脂为主,占总脂的60%以上,其次为糖脂,中性脂含量最低。小龙虾各部位含有相似的磷脂组成,都含有磷脂酰胆碱(Phosphatidylcholine,PC)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(Phosphatidylethanolamine,PE)、鞘磷脂(Sphingomyelin,SM)、溶血磷脂酰胆碱(Lysophosphatidylcholine,LPC)、心磷脂(Cardiolipin,CL)及磷脂酸(Phosphatidic acid,PA),其中PC、PE和SM相对含量明显高于其他磷脂。小龙虾各部位磷脂均含有较高含量(40%)的多不饱和脂肪酸(Poly-unsaturated fatty acid,PUFA),磷脂中PUFA主要为C20:5n-3(Eicosapntemacniocacid,EPA)和C20:4n-6(花生四烯酸,ARA)。     

3种经济类海胆的脂质组成差异分析

目的 对比分析国内3种常见经济类海胆的脂质组成。方法 以性腺基本指数、总脂含量、胆固醇含量、磷脂含量、甘油酯含量、脂肪酸组成、磷脂组成等为评价指标,结合统计分析技术比较不同种类海胆脂质组成的差异。结果 光棘球紫海胆、黄海胆和虾夷马粪海胆总脂占干基的(21.83±0.12)%～(27.21±0.10)%;其中磷脂和甘油酯是最主要的脂类组分,分别占(39.62±0.49)%～(49.39±0.73)%和(30.08±0.01)%～(38.65±0.03)%;磷脂中的主要组分为磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺和磷脂酰肌醇;总脂中脂肪酸主要为C16:0、C18:0、C20:1。对脂类相关数据进行标准化处理,并结合聚类分析和主成分分析,结果显示3种海胆性腺脂类物质中脂质组成、磷脂组成及脂肪酸组成差异明显。结论 光棘球紫海胆相对于其他两种海胆具有较高的营养价值和脂质优势,可作为C20:5n3、C22:6n3及磷脂等功能性脂质分子的重要膳食来源。     

人乳的磷脂组成与脂肪球结构

采用核磁共振磷谱(~(31)P-NMR)测定不同泌乳期、不同胎龄的人乳磷脂组成,结果显示足月儿和早产儿人乳中,磷脂的主要组成均为鞘磷脂(SM)、磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、磷脂酰乙醇胺缩醛磷脂(EPLAS)、磷脂酰肌醇(PI)和磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS),其中SM含量最高,其次为PC和PE,PS和PI含量最低。总磷脂含量在相同胎龄不同泌乳期以及相同泌乳期不同胎龄间均无显著性差异。在磷脂组成上,足月儿人乳中PI在初乳和过渡乳中的含量分别为(4.14±0.42)%和(3.66±0.66)%,显著高于成熟乳中的(2.79±0.09)%;早产儿人乳中PC在初乳和过渡乳中的含量分别为(30.74±2.03)%和(29.40±2.37)%,显著高于成熟乳的(27.55±2.42)%,此外EPLAS含量随泌乳期的延长逐渐降低,PE含量逐渐升高,PE+EPLAS在不同的泌乳期无显著性差异。另外,足月儿和早产儿的脂肪球结构无明显差异,磷脂构成的膜包裹体积平均粒径约为5μm的脂肪球。     

鲢鱼头磷脂的提取工艺优化及乳化性能研究

用乙醇溶液提取鲢鱼头中的磷脂并分析其乳化性能。通过单因素试验和正交试验优化鲢鱼头磷脂的提取条件;利用薄层层析分析鲢鱼头磷脂的组成,气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析鲢鱼头磷脂脂肪酸组成并与大豆卵磷脂比较;分别探究了磷脂质量浓度、离子强度、p H和温度对磷脂乳化特性的影响。结果表明:鲢鱼头磷脂的最优提取条件为乙醇体积分数80%、料液比1∶10、提取温度35℃、提取时间3 h,在此条件下磷脂纯度为74. 45%,磷脂产物提取率为3. 35%。鲢鱼头磷脂PC和PE的含量高于大豆卵磷脂;两者脂肪酸都以多不饱和脂肪酸为主,但鲢鱼头磷脂以C22∶6n-3为主,大豆卵磷脂以C18∶2n-6为主。在试验范围内,磷脂的乳化能力随着其质量浓度的增加而增强,且鲢鱼头磷脂的乳化能力略低于大豆卵磷脂的;无离子环境中两种磷脂的乳化能力较好;鲢鱼头磷脂和大豆卵磷脂皆在pH为7时乳化效果最佳;低温条件下两种磷脂乳化能力较好。总体来看,鲢鱼头磷脂的乳化特性与大豆卵磷脂的接近。     

养殖大黄鱼各部位磷脂组分及其脂肪酸组成分析

为明确大黄鱼各部位磷脂组分及其脂肪酸组成,本实验选取大黄鱼头部、背肌、腹肌、内脏、尾部以及鱼卵为研究对象,分别测定各部位的磷脂含量、组分及其脂肪酸组成。结果表明:鱼卵中磷脂含量最高,为5.50 g/100 g。头部、背肌和腹肌磷脂组分一致,为溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)和磷脂酰胆碱(PC);头部磷脂中LPC和PC的含量分别为39.23%、45.12%,背部分别为62.74%、36.12%,腹部分别为66.69%、33.31%。内脏磷脂组分为溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)、磷脂酰肌醇(PI)和鞘氨醇磷脂(SM),含量分别为59.37%、12.77%、29.83%。鱼尾磷脂为LPC、PC和磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE),含量分别为21.41%、59.37%、19.22%。鱼卵磷脂为LPC、PI、PE和PC,含量分别为12.30%、1.09%、9.12%、76.36%。脂肪酸组成分析表明大黄鱼各部位富含多不饱和脂肪酸,其中鱼卵磷脂中多不饱和脂肪酸占比43.1%,明显优于大黄鱼其他各部位。研究结果说明大黄鱼是一种富含磷脂功能因子的海洋鱼类。     

Isolation and characterization of lecithin from squid (Todarodes pacificus) viscera deoiled by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction

Marine lecithin was isolated and characterized from squid (Todarodes pacificus) viscera residues deoiled by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO(2)) extraction. SC-CO(2) extraction was carried out to extract the oil from squid viscera at different temperatures (35 to 45 °C) and pressures (15 to 25 MPa). The extraction yield was higher at highest temperature and pressure. The major phospholipids of squid viscera lecithin were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Phosphatidylcholine (PC; 80.5% ± 0.7%) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE; 13.2% ± 0.2%) were the main phospholipids. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed to purify the individual phospholipids. The fatty acid compositions of lecithin, PC and PE were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). A significant amount of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were present in both phospholipids of PC and PE. Emulsions of lecithin in water were prepared through the use of a homogenizer. The oxidative stability of squid viscera lecithin was high in spite of its high concentration of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Squid viscera are discarded as a waste by fish processing industry. Since lecithin from squid viscera contains higher amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids, it may have promising effect to use in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.     

Determination of phospholipid molecular species in pork meat by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and evaporative light scattering detection

Normal phase high performance liquid chromatography has been optimized for both evaporative light scattering detection and tandem mass spectrometry in order to characterize the natural phospholipids (PL) (classes and molecular species) of raw and cooked pork meat. The PL fraction included phosphatidylcholine (PC) (42.9%±4.5 for raw vs 42.6%±8.0 for cooked meat), plasmalogen-phosphatidylethanolamine (pPE) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (26.7%±3.1 vs 28.5%±2.3), cardiolipin (CL) (8.3%±2.9 vs 6.3%±0.7), sphingomyelin (Sph) (7.5%±0.9 vs 8.3%±2.1), phosphatidylinositol (PI) (6.8%±0.7 vs 6.5%±2.1) phosphatidylserine (PS) (4.9%±0.5 vs 4.6%±1.4) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (2.9%±1.3 vs 3.3%±2.6). Arachidonic acid (absent in Sph) was mainly present in pPE and PI and formed molecular species with a saturated fatty acid, such as stearic (as in PI, PS, PE and PC) or palmitic acid (as in PE and PC), or the respective vinyl ethers in pPE (p18:0 and p16:0); however, in PC, arachidonic acid also formed combinations with oleic and linoleic acid. Palmitic acid formed the most abundant molecular species in PC, but not in CL, PE, PI and PS. Unexpectedly, the cooked pork meat showed an increased content of the molecular species of PI and LPC with more unsaturated fatty acids (18:0/20:4 and 18:2, respectively) with respect to raw meat.     

Characterization of lecithin isolated from anchovy (Engraulis japonica) residues deoiled by supercritical carbon dioxide and organic solvent extraction

Lecithin was isolated and characterized from anchovy (Engraulis japonica) deoiled residues using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO(2)) at a semibatch flow extraction process and an organic solvent (hexane) extraction. SC-CO(2) extraction was carried out to extract oil from anchovy at different temperatures (35 to 45 °C) and pressures (15 to 25 MPa). Extraction yield of oil was influenced by physical properties of SC-CO(2) with temperature and pressure changes. The major phospholipids of anchovy lecithin were quantitatively analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) (68%± 1.00%) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (29%± 0.50%) were the main phospholipids. Thin layer chromatography was performed to purify the individual phospholipids. The fatty acid compositions of lecithin, PC, and PE were analyzed by gas chromatography. A significant amount of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were present in both phospholipids of PC and PE. Emulsions of lecithin in water were prepared through the use of a homogenizer. Oxidative stability of anchovy lecithin was high in spite of its high concentration of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Lecithin can be totally metabolized by humans, so is well tolerated by humans and nontoxic when ingested. Lecithin from anchovy contain higher amounts of ω-3 fatty acids especially EPA and DHA, it may have positive outcome to use in food and pharmaceutical industries.     

Fatty acid and aldehyde composition of individual phospholipid classes of rabbit skeletal muscles is related to the metabolic type of the fibre

The fatty acid composition of individual phospholipid classes as related to metabolic type of fibre in the rabbit was studied. The fatty acid composition of the individual phospholipid classes of five muscles were compared: two glycolytic ones (Longissimus lumborum and Psoas major), two oxidative ones (Soleus and Semimembranosus propriosus,) and an intermediate one (Gastrocnemius laterale). It was shown that except for phosphatidyl inositol (PI), the fatty acid compositions of the main phospholipid classes were strongly related to the metabolic type of the fibres; phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) of oxidative muscles contains less 18:2 n-6 and more 18:0 and long chain PUFA of the n-6 and n-3 series than that of glycolytic ones; phosphatidyl choline (PC) of oxidative muscles contains more 18:0 and less 16:0 and 18:2 n-6 than that of glycolytic ones; cardiolipin of the oxidative muscles contains less 18:2 n-6 than those of the glycolytic ones. These differences in fatty acid composition of PE, PC and cardiolipin explain a large part of the differences in fatty acid compositions of the total phospholipids of glycolytic and oxidative muscles.     

Separation of phospholipids from hen egg yolk by short packed silica gel column chromatography

Short packed silica gel column chromatography has been performed to optimize the production of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) from hen egg yolk with very low or no toxic solvents. The effects of silica type, sample loading amount, dimension of the glass chromatotube, and mobile phase compositions were investigated and high separation efficiency was achieved: gradient elution as 200 mL ethanol followed by 300 mL 95% ethanol to fractionate PE and PC after neutral lipids (NL) removed by 120 mL ethyl acetate, 40 mm silica gel (54 to 74 μm) bed height of the chromatotube with 22 mm inner dia (ID), and 0.25 g sample loading amount. By this procedure, 3.69 g PE and 2.88 g PC per 100 g egg yolk lipids were obtained, respectively. The refined PE and PC were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV) with purity over 96%. The fatty acids in egg yolk revealed that PE and PC characterized higher ratios of n- 6/n- 3 (PE, 7.41; PC, 8.99). 18:2 n- 6 of PC (15.21%) predominated over PE (10.29%), whereas the level of 20:4 n- 6 of PC (8.78%) was lower than PE (15.67%).     

3种淡水鱼内脏粗鱼油品质及挥发性风味成分分析比较

为提高淡水鱼类加工副产物的高值化利用,本文以3种常见的淡水鱼(草鱼、青鱼和鲢鱼)内脏为原料提取粗鱼油,进行理化指标评价、脂肪酸组成及挥发性风味成分分析。结果表明,青鱼油的理化指标最佳,其过氧化值、酸价、水分及挥发物、茴香胺值、不皂化物等较低;鲢鱼油次之,草鱼油最差。青鱼油、鲢鱼油和草鱼油中分别检测出16、22、27种脂肪酸,均以棕榈酸(C_16:0)、油酸(C_18:1n-9c)、亚油酸(C_18:2n-6c)为主,鲢鱼油的相对营养价值最高。3种粗鱼油共检测出66种挥发性物质,包括烃类17种,醇类7种,醛类15种,酮类3种,酯类8种,酸类10种,酚类3种,其他类3种。草鱼油中含量最高的是酚类物质(59.86%);青鱼油中挥发性物质以醇类为主,含量为53.23%;鲢鱼油中含量最高的是酸类物质(27.64%)。3种粗鱼油共得到10种关键风味成分,主要以醛类、醇类和酚类物质为主。反式-2,4-癸二烯醛、壬醛、反式-2,4-庚二烯醛、苯乙醛、1-辛烯-3-醇等是粗鱼油中主要的鱼腥味、油脂味风味物质。     

鲢鱼各部位磷脂组分及脂肪酸组成分析

应用Bligh-Dyer法、硅胶柱层析和薄层层析（thin layer chromatography,TLC）分析比较鲢鱼头部、眼部、背肌、腹肌、内脏、尾部的磷脂含量与组成,气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析鲢鱼各部位磷脂的脂肪酸组成。结果表明：各部位磷脂种类有磷脂酰胆碱（phosphatidylcholine,PC）、磷脂酰乙醇胺（phosphatidylethanolamine,PE）、磷脂酰丝氨酸（phosphatidyelserine,PS）及一未知组分,鲢鱼各部位的PE、PC明显高于其他磷脂组分。鱼头磷脂中饱和脂肪酸的总量最高,其次是内脏中含量,鱼眼中含量最低。单不饱和脂肪酸的含量也在鱼头中最丰富,明显高于背肌、鱼眼、腹肌、鱼尾,后三者间差异性不显著（P＞0.05）,内脏中含量最低。多不饱和脂肪酸的含量在鱼眼中最多,与腹肌、鱼尾中的含量差异不显著,都在49%以上,但明显高于鱼头、背肌内脏中的含量。各部位间内脏中二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸的含量明显高于其他部位,其次是鱼眼。鱼眼磷脂中C22∶6的含量最丰富,C20∶5在内脏磷脂中含量最多。     

Determination of intramuscular phospholipid classes and molecular species in Gaoyou duck

In this study, intramuscular phospholipid classes and molecular species in Gaoyou duck meat were determined. Classes of phospholipids were identified and quantified by normal phase HPLC combined with UV and evaporative light scattering detectors (ELSD). The main phospholipid classes (phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine) were prepared on a semi-preparative silica gel column by HPLC. Reverse phase HPLC was coupled in parallel with both an ELSD and a mass spectrometry in order to characterise molecular species of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). The results showed that Gaoyou duck meat had high quantities of PC and PE (64.66% and 28.10% of total phospholipids, respectively). Arachidonic acid was mainly present in PE and formed molecular species containing a saturated fatty acid, such as stearic or myristic acid; however, oleic acid together with palmitic or stearic acid formed the main molecular species in PC. The content of the molecular species with polyunsaturated fatty acids in PE accounted for 98.33%, while that in PC only 46.20%.     

Seasonal Changes in Lipid Composition of Sardine (Sardina pilchardus)

Sardine (Sardina pilchardus) lipids have important nutritional characteristics because of their high level of ω3 fatty acids. Studies of the lipid composition of this pelagic species, studies were carried out monthly during one year. Total lipids ranged between 1.2% and 18.4% (w/w). The nonpolar lipids were dominant, mainly composed of triacylglycerols and highest in the fatty season. Phosphatidylcholine (PC), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were the principal polar lipids. They were both high in ω3 polyenoic fatty acids mainly 20:5ω3 and 22:6ω3. PC and PE were isolated and their fatty acid profiles determined; PE was higher in 22:6ω3 than PC.