超临界流体萃取技术在农产品加工业中的应用进展

超临界流体萃取技术是一种清洁、高效的分离方法,具有操作条件温和、无溶剂残留、分离效率高等特点,正受到越来越广泛的关注。本文简要介绍了超临界流体萃取的基本原理、影响超临界流体萃取的因素以及超临界流体萃取技术在农产品加工业中的应用,并对超临界流体萃取技术与其他高新技术联用情况进行了概述与展望,以期为超临界流体萃取技术在农产品加工业的进一步研究与应用提供参考和借鉴。     

超临界流体模拟移动床色谱及其应用

将超临界流体作为洗脱剂应用到模拟移动床色谱技术(SMB)中,从而产生了超临界模拟移动床色谱技术(SF-SMB),其综合了超临界流体色谱(SFC)和SMB这2种分离技术的优势,解决了SMB色谱进行梯度操作的困难,拓宽了SFC的适用范围和生产规模。介绍了超临界模拟移动床色谱技术(SF-SMB)产生、理论基础、操作特性,并对其应用情况进行了阐述。     

超临界流体技术的研究及进展

综述了超临界流体的特性,超临界流体萃取技术,超临界流体在化学反应、环境科学、材料加工等方面的研究现状,并对超临界流体技术的应用倩况进行分析。     

超临界流体技术的研究及进展

综述了超临界流体的特性,超临界流体萃取技术,超临界流体在化学反应、环境科学、材料加工等方面的研究现状,并对超临界流体技术的应用情况进行分析。     

超临界二氧化碳流体萃取

文章综述了超临界二氧化碳流体萃取技术的特点,并从饮品和酒类、油脂、多不饱和脂肪酸、天然色素和天然香料五个方面对其应用进行了介绍。同时对超临界CO2流体萃取技术前景进行了展望。     

番茄果皮中番茄红素的超临界二氧化碳流体萃取

本项研究表明：超临界二氧化碳流体萃取能够作为传统的有机试剂萃取的替代方法有效地从番茄果皮组织中萃取番茄红素等类胡萝卜素。在本项研究中，多种有机试剂被用来对样品组织进行预处理。这种预处理可明显地提高超临界流体萃取的效率。用四氢呋喃对组织进行预处理后，超临界流体萃取物中总类胡萝卜素的含量比丙酮-乙醚萃取物的高31％，其中番茄红素占90％。这一流程可以考虑被应用到工业生产中去。     

秋橄榄果实中番茄红素的超临界CO2萃取初探

由于其果实中含有丰富的番茄红素,秋橄榄被认为是一种新食品资源。在本研究中,应用超临界流体CO2萃取技术对秋橄榄果肉中的番茄红素进行了萃取研究,包括对萃取压力、温度和助提剂种类等参数的优化。结果表明:增大压力和使用助提剂均可提高萃取效率。同时,超临界CO2萃取法所得产物中番茄红素含量较溶剂法产物中的高。今后如果能在提高萃取效率方面取得进展,超临界流体萃取有可能成为一种从秋橄榄果实中制备番茄红素的技术选择。     

超临界流体萃取技术在番茄红素提取中的应用

番茄红素是一类重要的类胡萝卜素，因其优越的生理功能正日益引起人们的关注。超临界流体萃取技术是食品工业新兴的分离技术，人们对该技术在番茄红素提取中的应用作了有意义的实验探索，本对这些研究成果进行了综述。     

超临界色谱技术制备功能性产品研究进展

介绍了近年来超临界制备色谱技术在热力学及动力学等方面的研究进展,并重点综述了在功能糖、脂肪酸、氨基酸、维生素等功能性食品,以及手性药物、Z-藁本内酯、青蒿素、茄尼醇等天然药物的分离纯化过程的应用进展,最后对超临界流体制备色谱技术在热敏性高附加值产品的分离提纯技术领域的应用前景进行了展望。     

超临界流体萃取技术在提取功能性油脂中的应用

介绍了超临界流体萃取技术的基本原理和特点以及各种因素：超临界流体、操作条件、原料的颗粒度与水分、夹带剂等对萃取效率的影响,同时综述了用超临界流体萃取功能性油脂的应用概况。     

食品级Pickering乳液的研究进展

Pickering乳液是指由纳米/微米级粒子稳定的乳液。近年来,Pickering乳液因其独特的稳定性,以及在食品、药品中的包埋、载运和质地改良等方面的潜在应用,逐渐成为食品研究领域的热点。本文结合食品级Pickering粒子的相关性质解释了其稳定机制,包括三相接触角理论、吸附理论和空间屏障理论等,并分析了环境因素如温度、pH值和盐浓度等对乳液制备及稳定性的影响;综述了近年来开发的一系列食品级Pickering粒子的制备方式、性质及其实际应用情况,以期推动Pickering乳液在食品领域的研发及工业应用。     

微/纳米包封技术在改善虾青素水溶性和稳定性中的应用

作为具有强大抗氧化活性和良好着色效果的新资源食品,天然虾青素因不溶于水、稳定性差而难以满足多元化应用的需求。究者们已尝试利用多种微/纳米包封技术开发制备出不同微/纳米尺度的虾青素制剂,一定程度上改善了虾青素不溶于水或稳定性差的问题,但出于食用安全和工业化生产的考虑,仍需要探索新的载体材料、改进制备工艺。本文针对已用于虾青素微/纳米包封的不同制备技术及其特点进行归纳介绍,评价现有制备方法和产品的优势与不足,综述近年来虾青素微/纳米包封技术的应用研究进展。      

Recent progress in food processing applications of air impingement technology: A review

Air impingement method has been widely used in a variety of industrial applications, such as textile and paper drying, turbine cooling, and glass quenching, because it is an efficient technology with high heat and mass transfer rates. This technology has received increasing interest in the field of food processing over the last two decades, such as drying, baking, blanching, freezing, and thawing. In a food processing equipment using air impingement, jets of high-velocity air (with speeds of 10–50 m/s) are directed at a food product. The performance of the system is influenced by several critical elements, including jet velocity, nozzle array diameter and layout, jet distance, and boundary layer characteristics. The use of computational fluid dynamics, an emerging tool, has been shown to be valuable in the analysis of fluid flow and heat and mass transfer in jet impingement systems. The physical properties of impinging jets, such as turbulent mixing in the free jet zone, stagnation, boundary layer formation, recirculation, and their interactions with food products in terms of heat and mass transfer, have been discussed in this article. The benefits and disadvantages of air jet impingement technology in different food processing applications together with potential trends for improving impingement technology performance were identified and discussed. This review not only contributes to a better understanding of the research status of impingement technology on food processing but also triggers new research opportunities in this field in order to provide more healthy and nutritious food in a more sustainable way to the world's growing population.     

大豆蛋白基流体胶颗粒的制备及其功能特性研究

流体胶(fluid gel)颗粒的应用得到了广泛关注,却鲜有研究者关注其大规模的制备方法及颗粒形貌的控制。本研究以大豆分离蛋白(SPI)为主要原料,添加不同量的阿拉伯胶(GA)和吐温80(Tween 80),通过搅拌加热和喷雾干燥等操作,制备获得大豆蛋白基流体胶颗粒;并对其平均粒径、粘度、微观形貌、水分含量、吸湿性和分散性等功能特性进行表征。结果表明,添加GA可以使颗粒表面变得光滑、塌陷减少,且添加1.6%GA所得颗粒粒径最小;添加Tween 80可以使颗粒表面粗糙度增加,形成圆球状。流体胶颗粒的吸湿性会随着Tween 80的增加而迅速增加,GA的添加对颗粒的吸湿性影响不大。添加Tween 80会改善流体胶颗粒润湿性。以该颗粒替代部分SPI制备热制凝胶可增加凝胶的硬度。该颗粒可修饰食品体系的粘度和质构特性,可作为新一代的蛋白基配料应用于食品加工。     

蛋白质纳米颗粒的制备及其在食品领域的应用研究进展

蛋白质纳米颗粒即纳米级的蛋白质颗粒，由于蛋白质本身具有良好的生物相容性和生物降解性，与合成纳米材料相比，蛋白质纳米颗粒在生物活性物质的包埋和传递方面具有极大优势，近年来逐渐成为研究的热点。本文首先介绍了目前主要用于食品工业的动物蛋白纳米颗粒和植物蛋白纳米颗粒的常见类型，并对蛋白质纳米颗粒的常用制备方法进行了归纳总结，包括反溶剂沉淀法、盐析法、纳米喷雾干燥法、静电纺丝法、超临界流体法和热致聚集法等，分析了各种方法的原理及在安全性、适用性、产品质量和操作复杂程度等方面的优缺点，然后对蛋白质纳米颗粒在功能性食品的生产、食品的活性包装和食品Pickering乳液的稳定三个方面的应用进行了综述，最后归纳了蛋白质纳米颗粒应用安全性方面的研究现状，以期为蛋白质纳米颗粒的进一步研究提供理论参考。     

Mechanistic basis for particle detachment from granular media

Colloids may become detached from surfaces in environmental systems as a result of chemical and physical conditions. Many researchers reporting on colloidal detachment in natural and model systems have stopped short of mechanistically and quantitatively describing their observations. In this work, a mathematical construct is presented that quantitatively determines the effect of thermodynamics and hydrodynamics on particle detachment from surfaces in granular media. Using the Buckingham pi theorem, a mathematical model is structured based on governing dimensionless groupings. Determining dimensionless numbers elucidates conditions conducive for detachment in engineered and natural porous media. Published detachment data are compared to the mathematical model developed herein and provide support for its utility. Extensions of this technique have utility in many applications where fluid interaction with particulate-laden porous media is encountered.     

Natural biopolymer-based nanocomposite films for packaging applications

Concerns on environmental waste problems caused by non-biodegradable petrochemical-based plastic packaging materials as well as the consumer's demand for high quality food products has caused an increasing interest in developing biodegradable packaging materials using annually renewable natural biopolymers such as polysaccharides and proteins. Inherent shortcomings of natural polymer-based packaging materials such as low mechanical properties and low water resistance can be recovered by applying a nanocomposite technology. Polymer nanocomposites, especially natural biopolymer-layered silicate nanocomposites, exhibit markedly improved packaging properties due to their nanometer size dispersion. These improvements include increased modulus and strength, decreased gas permeability, and increased water resistance. Additionally, biologically active ingredients can be added to impart the desired functional properties to the resulting packaging materials. Consequently, natural biopolymer-based nanocomposite packaging materials with bio-functional properties have a huge potential for application in the active food packaging industry. In this review, recent advances in the preparation of natural biopolymer-based films and their nanocomposites, and their potential use in packaging applications are addressed.     

Highly sensitive and rapid profiling method for carotenoids and their epoxidized products using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry

Epoxy carotenoids, which are products of carotenoid oxidation, are potential oxidative stress markers. However, it is difficult to profile epoxy carotenoids owing to their small amount and difficulty in their separation from hydroxy carotenoids. In this study, a high-performance analytical system based on supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was developed for the simultaneous analysis of carotenoids and epoxy carotenoids. SFC is an effective separation technique for hydrophobic compounds, by which major carotenoids in human serum and their epoxidation products can be analyzed within 20 min. The use of MS/MS increased the sensitivity; the detection limit for each carotenoid was of the sub-fmol order. When the constructed method was applied to biological samples such as human serum and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), the precise detection of the target carotenoids was disturbed by several isomers. However, highly selective detection of epoxy carotenoids was performed by targeting product ions that were generated with a structure-specific neutral loss of 80Da. Furthermore, the sample volume needed for the analysis was only 0.1ml for the serum, indicating the efficiency of this system in performing small-scale analyses. Using the analytical system developed in this study, highly sensitive and selective analysis of epoxy carotenoids could be performed in a short time. These features show the usefulness of this system in application to screening analysis of carotenoid profiles that are easily modified by oxidative stress.     

微乳液凝胶颗粒制备及其应用研究进展

亲脂性活性分子如维生素、脂肪酸和香精油等对氧、热、光等敏感,在食品加工或人体生理运输过程中易被氧化和降解,限制了其在食品工业中的应用。在可用于递送亲脂性分子的技术中,乳状微凝胶颗粒是一类相对较新的软固体颗粒递送体系,其因离散程度的大小和“智能”释放特性而引起越来越多的关注。利用微乳液凝胶颗粒包载亲脂活性分子能够显著提高其理化稳定性,并将亲脂活性分子在靶向位置有效释放以提高其生物利用度。本文通过总结国内外文献,综述了微乳液凝胶颗粒的研究进展,重点讨论了微乳液凝胶颗粒的制备、控制释放特性和主要应用。最后对目前食品脂溶性分子的微乳液凝胶颗粒传递体系的问题和发展进行分析和展望,旨在为微乳液凝胶颗粒的应用提供参考。     

生物来源的固体颗粒制备Pickering乳液的研究进展

天然来源、可再生和可生物降解的固体颗粒用于制备Pickering乳液已成为研究热点。本文综述了固体颗粒的种类、制备方法与性质表征,重点介绍了生物来源的有机颗粒如多糖和蛋白质对Pickering乳液的稳定作用,并总结了影响Pickering乳液稳定性的因素,同时阐述了Pickering乳液在生命科学领域的潜在应用。