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谷维素对3种食用植物油的抗氧化效果研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从米糠油皂脚中提取纯化谷维素,按不同比例添加到大豆油、菜籽油和油茶籽油中,分别采用Schaal烘箱法和油脂氧化分析仪对3种植物油氧化稳定性进行测定,同时考察在植物油氧化过程中,谷维素对其脂肪酸组成的影响,并与常见的油脂抗氧化剂进行对比。结果表明:油脂中分别添加0.1%和0.5%谷维素均对大豆油、菜籽油和油茶籽油的氧化诱导期具有延长作用,其中对油茶籽油的作用最显著;在Schaal烘箱实验中,谷维素能够有效延缓大豆油和油茶籽油过氧化值的升高,并且对油中多不饱和脂肪酸的氧化有抑制作用,但对菜籽油的抗氧化作用不显著。 相似文献
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在稻米油中添加一定量的甘蔗蜡制成具有塑性的油脂凝胶。研究甘蔗蜡添加量对油脂凝胶硬度、热力学性质、固体脂肪含量(solid fat content,SFC)、X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)和微观结构的影响。结果表明:在20 ℃条件下,油脂凝胶中甘蔗蜡添加量不小于7%时,即可出现凝胶行为。油脂凝胶体系的硬度、SFC、融化焓和结晶焓均随甘蔗蜡添加量的增多而增加。XRD结果显示,甘蔗蜡油脂凝胶中同时含有α、β、β’三种晶型,其中以β晶型为主,随着甘蔗蜡添加量增多,α和β’晶型的量增多。晶体呈球状,分布均匀。随甘蔗蜡添加量的增加,结晶数量增加,尺寸减小,导致分布密度增加,即甘蔗蜡添加量越高,硬度越大,结构化植物油的能力越强,形成油脂凝胶结构稳定性越好,表明在稻米油中加入甘蔗蜡可以形成油脂凝胶,该油脂凝胶中无反式脂肪酸,富含天然营养成分,具有适宜的油脂凝胶硬度及良好的结构稳定性等优势。 相似文献
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利用初榨大豆毛油中天然磷脂,通过添加β-谷甾醇,使其与天然磷脂形成复合凝胶剂制备油脂凝胶,研究β-谷甾醇添加量对油脂凝胶硬度、热力学性质、固体脂肪含量(solid fat content,SFC)、凝胶晶型和微观结构的影响。结果表明:在20 ℃条件下,油脂凝胶中β-谷甾醇添加量不小于12%时,即可出现凝胶行为。油脂凝胶的硬度和SFC都随着β-谷甾醇添加量的增加而增加,且在不同贮藏温度下硬度变化显著。β-谷甾醇添加量对热力学特性影响较大,熔化结晶均为单峰。油脂凝胶主要为β型晶体,晶体为长针状并均匀分布,随β-谷甾醇添加量的增多,油脂凝胶晶体密度增大,尺寸变小,形成的三维网状结构更加紧密,截留植物油的能力不断提高,表明β-谷甾醇可以与初榨大豆毛油中的天然磷脂结合形成油脂凝胶,该油脂凝胶中无反式脂肪酸,富含天然营养成分,具有适宜油脂凝胶硬度及良好的结构稳定性等优势。 相似文献
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不同脂肪酸组成的植物油氧化稳定性的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
通过气相色谱法分析了菜籽油、大豆油、花生油、葵花籽油、山茶油、调和油、玉米油和芝麻油这八种天然食用植物油的脂肪酸组成,采用Schall烘箱法,以过氧化值(POV)和脂肪酸组成为参考指标,研究了加热加速氧化对不同植物油氧化稳定性的影响。并运用Matlab数学工具建立模型,探讨POV值与脂肪酸组成之间的关系。结果表明:温度对各种植物油的氧化过程影响显著,加速氧化过程中,脂肪酸总体变化很小,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)减少,饱和脂肪酸(SFA)和单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)有不同程度的增多,n-3比n-6系列多不饱和脂肪酸更易氧化减少。氧化稳定性由强到弱依次为花生油、山茶油、芝麻油、菜籽油、玉米油、调和油、大豆油、葵花籽油。初步建立起了以PUFA含量分类,加速氧化条件下过氧化值与脂肪酸组成之间的关系模型。 相似文献
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采用水酶法分别制备油茶籽油、花生油、核桃油、葵花油和大豆油,通过化学方法和中红外光谱技术对5种油脂在加速氧化过程中的稳定性进行研究。不同植物油的脂肪酸组成存在显著差异,油茶籽油和花生油的单不饱和脂肪酸含量大于多不饱和脂肪酸含量,而核桃油、葵花油和大豆油均含有大量的多不饱和脂肪酸,且含量均在50%以上。在整个加速氧化过程中,随着加热时间的延长,共轭二烯值和共轭三烯值逐渐增加。5种油脂的氧化稳定性由大到小依次为油茶籽油花生油核桃油葵花油大豆油。采用中红外光谱法对油脂氧化稳定性进行分析,再次印证了对共轭二烯值和共轭三烯值的分析结果。 相似文献
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对国内7种食用植物油的脂肪酸组成、总酚、生育酚、植物甾醇、苯并(a)芘、黄曲霉毒素B1、3-氯丙醇酯含量、氧化稳定性指数(OSI)等指标进行测定分析。结果表明:这7种食用植物油不饱和脂肪酸含量均较高(78.29%~91.92%),但不同油的脂肪酸组成比例各不相同,不饱和脂肪酸、其中单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸含量最高的分别为菜籽油(91.92%)、油茶籽油(80.44%)和葵花籽油(61.18%);微量活性成分中,菜籽油的总酚含量最高,为139.83 mg/kg;大豆油、菜籽油、玉米油中γ-生育酚含量较高,葵花籽油、米糠油中α-生育酚含量较高,大豆油生育酚含量最高,为1 129.21 mg/kg;不同油中植物甾醇均以β-谷甾醇为主,米糠油、玉米油中植物甾醇含量较高,分别为10 705.8 mg/kg和8 596.7 mg/kg;危害因子中,只有少数食用植物油检出苯并(a)芘和黄曲霉毒素B1,且含量均符合国家相关标准规定;菜籽油、葵花籽油、大豆油、花生油中3-氯丙醇酯总量较低,均小于1.0 mg/kg;菜籽油、大豆油的氧化稳定性指数(OSI)较高,葵花籽油、油茶籽油的较低,且与总酚含量呈极显著正相关。 相似文献
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为解决单一食用油中营养组分缺陷问题,以大豆油、橄榄油、鱼油和亚麻籽油为基料油,测定其酸值、过氧化值、水分及挥发物含量和脂肪酸组成,然后按照中国营养学会关于脂肪酸推荐摄入量的要求,依据不同基料油的脂肪酸组成计算其配比并配制调和油,最后测定调和油的营养成分。结果表明:大豆油、橄榄油、亚麻籽油、鱼油的酸值、过氧化值、水分及挥发物含量均符合相关国家标准,4种油脂配制调和油的最适配比为45%、45%、8%、2%;调和油中主要微量营养成分及其含量为角鲨烯2.18 mg/kg、β-胡萝卜素0.474 mg/kg、α-生育酚73.6 mg/kg、β-生育酚0.6 mg/kg、γ-生育酚132.0 mg/kg、δ-生育酚20.4 mg/kg、总甾醇5 700 mg/kg。所得调和油符合中国营养学会关于脂肪酸推荐摄入量的要求,是一种营养平衡调和油。 相似文献
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Vegetable Oils Replace Pork Backfat for Low-Fat Frankfurters 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Low-fat frankfurters (10% fat, 12.5% protein) with olive, corn, sunflower or soybean oils, compared to control (29.1% animal fat, 10.4% protein) had 67% lower total fat, 40–45% lower saturated fatty acids, 50–53% lower calories, reduced cholesterol and 20% higher meat protein. Although they had darker red color they were 6–7.2% lower in processing yield and had higher purge accumulation, were firmer and less juicy. The type oil had no effect (P>0.05) on these characteristics but affected fatty acid composition. Frankfurters with olive oil had 41.8% higher monounsaturated fatty acids and those with seed oils 5–7 times higher polyunsaturated fatty acids. Soybean oil increased lin-olenic acid content and negatively affected overall acceptability and shelf-life. 相似文献
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Microencapsulation of Oils: A Comprehensive Review of Benefits,Techniques, and Applications 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Amr M. Bakry Shabbar Abbas Barkat Ali Hamid Majeed Mohamed Y. Abouelwafa Ahmed Mousa Li Liang 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2016,15(1):143-182
Microencapsulation is a process of building a functional barrier between the core and wall material to avoid chemical and physical reactions and to maintain the biological, functional, and physicochemical properties of core materials. Microencapsulation of marine, vegetable, and essential oils has been conducted and commercialized by employing different methods including emulsification, spray‐drying, coaxial electrospray system, freeze‐drying, coacervation, in situ polymerization, melt‐extrusion, supercritical fluid technology, and fluidized‐bed‐coating. Spray‐drying and coacervation are the most commonly used techniques for the microencapsulation of oils. The choice of an appropriate microencapsulation technique and wall material depends upon the end use of the product and the processing conditions involved. Microencapsulation has the ability to enhance the oxidative stability, thermostability, shelf‐life, and biological activity of oils. In addition, it can also be helpful in controlling the volatility and release properties of essential oils. Microencapsulated marine, vegetable, and essential oils have found broad applications in various fields. This review describes the recognized benefits and functional properties of various oils, microencapsulation techniques, and application of encapsulated oils in various food, pharmaceutical, and even textile products. Moreover, this review may provide information to researchers working in the field of food, pharmacy, agronomy, engineering, and nutrition who are interested in microencapsulation of oils. 相似文献
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Malongil B. Reena Belur R. Lokesh 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2012,47(1):203-209
The effect of feeding blended and interesterified oils containing palm oil (PO) and rice bran oil (RBO) on serum and liver lipids was evaluated in rats. The PO and RBO were blended to contain saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the proportion of 1:1.5:1. The blended oil was subjected to transesterification reaction using immobilized lipase, lipozyme IM‐RM. Rats were fed a diet containing blended or interesterified oils for 8 weeks. Rats fed PO showed significantly higher levels of cholesterol in serum and liver as compared to those given RBO, blended oil of PO with RBO or interesterified oil. Rats fed blended oils showed a significant decrease in serum cholesterol by 51% compared to rats fed PO. Feeding interesterified oil to rats resulted in decrease in serum cholesterol by 56% compared to rats fed PO, which was 10% lower compared to that observed in rats given blended oil. The present study indicated that a combination of PO with RBO can significantly lower serum lipids in rats as compared to those given diet containing PO alone. 相似文献