共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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随着食品和制药行业对不同种类胶原蛋白和明胶的需求不断增加,开发替代哺乳动物明胶的新型原料越来越受到人们的关注。哺乳动物明胶(猪和牛)作为最广泛使用的明胶来源,由于人畜共患病与风俗习惯等方面的问题,其应用受到了一定程度的限制。鱼明胶具有与猪明胶相似的特性,可以作为哺乳动物明胶的替代品应用于食品中。鱼明胶的生产和利用不仅能够提高渔业副产物的利用价值,而且可满足消费者需求。但鱼皮明胶在实际生产加工过程中,其凝胶特性与哺乳动物明胶相比还存在差距,需进一步改善。根据明胶本身的性质或加入其他材料,可以提高胶体的性能,达到增强凝胶特性的效果。文章对影响鱼皮明胶凝胶性能的各种因素进行了总结,以便更好地理解和认识相关问题及研究进展,以期为后期的研究工作提供参考。 相似文献
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蛋清受热后具有良好的胶凝性。工业化食品生产中,比如鱼糜制品、面制品的加工中会加入蛋清或经干燥加工而成的蛋清粉改善产品的口感,从而对蛋清凝胶特性提出了更高的要求。亲水胶体作为多糖和蛋白质聚合物,已经被广泛应用于大豆分离蛋白和肌原纤维蛋白的改性研究,其良好的增稠性对蛋白质的凝胶特性有着促进作用。不同种类的亲水胶体对蛋清凝胶特性有着差异性影响。该文阐述了蛋清的凝胶机理,梳理了影响蛋清凝胶特性的关键因素,探讨了不同亲水胶体对蛋清凝胶特性的作用机理,为提高蛋清凝胶特性提供理论参考,并提出未来的研究方向。 相似文献
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花生蛋白是一种优质的植物蛋白资源,凝胶特性是其最重要的功能特性之一。综述了花生蛋白凝胶特性的主要影响因素,包括蛋白质浓度及其组成、pH及离子强度、温度和加热时间,总结了不同改性技术(物理改性、化学改性和酶法改性)对花生蛋白凝胶特性的影响,简要介绍了花生蛋白与其他来源蛋白的混合凝胶特性,同时介绍了花生蛋白凝胶性在食品中的应用,展望了对花生蛋白凝胶特性进一步研究的可能方向,为拓展花生蛋白在食品工业中的应用提供理论基础。 相似文献
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鱼糜制品因具有调理简便,细嫩味美,耐储藏等特点,深受消费者喜爱。鱼糜制品的凝胶特性是衡量其品质的主要指标。热处理方式会影响鱼糜蛋白的展开和聚集状态;漂洗、斩拌、擂溃、高压等加工工艺通过影响鱼糜蛋白质的变形和聚集,从而影响鱼糜制品的凝胶强度;不同种类的外源添加剂可与鱼糜蛋白质相互作用,促进鱼糜的凝胶化,稳定鱼糜凝胶的三维网络结构。该文主要从热处理方式、加工工艺及添加剂种类、作用机制等方面综述鱼糜凝胶影响因素的研究进展,旨在为鱼糜产业发展及技术升级提供理论参考。 相似文献
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主要说明了酸奶凝胶的结构、物理特性及其影响因素。酸奶凝胶超微结构呈一种纤维网状立体结构,网状纤维中间形成无数有规则的空隙。均质、热处理等加工因素对其质地有不同的影响。 相似文献
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为了探究腌制过程中NaCl对蛋黄浆质凝胶品质的影响,本实验主要研究了不同NaCl腌制浓度(处理浓度0%、0.5%、1%、1.5%、2%)下蛋黄浆质凝胶的保水性、浆质凝胶质构特性、浆质色度、粒径分布、流变特性、蛋白成分、显微结构。研究结果表明,在2%浓度NaCl的作用下,蛋黄浆质凝胶保水性最好,保水性显著增加(p0.05);而在2%NaCl添加量时,浆质凝胶质构特性中硬度、咀嚼性显著下降(p0.05),弹性基本不变;流变学研究发现,NaCl作用下浆质凝胶交联程度下降,形成凝胶性能下降;蛋黄浆质在NaCl的作用下,完整的乳状液体系破坏,部分蛋白产生聚集,浆质粒径变大;浆质中脂质、蛋白呈现不规则分布,NaCl的作用对浆质蛋白肽链结构并不造成影响;结果说明,NaCl作用降低了蛋黄浆质形成凝胶品质。该研究结果可为腌制过程中蛋黄浆质变化提供理论依据。 相似文献
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Xiaohui Lv Xi Huang Bin Ma Yue Chen Zahra Batool Xing Fu Yongguo Jin 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2022,21(3):2233-2252
Egg protein (EP) has a variety of functional properties, such as gelling, foaming, and emulsifying. The gel characteristics provide a foundation for applications in the food industry and research on EP. The proteins denature and aggregate to form a dense three-dimensional gel network structure, with a process influenced by protein concentration, pH, ion type, and strength. In addition, the gelation properties of EP can be altered to varying degrees by applying different treatment conditions to EP. Currently, modification methods for proteins include physical modification (heat-induced denaturation, freeze–thaw modification, high-pressure modification, and ultrasonic modification), chemical modification (glycosylation modification, phosphorylation modification, acylation modification, ethanol modification, polyphenol modification), and biological modification (enzyme modification). Pidan, salted eggs, egg tofu, and other egg products have unique sensory properties, due to the gel properties of EP. In accessions, EP has also been used as a new ingredient in food packaging and biopharmaceuticals due to its gel properties. This review will further promote EP gel research and provide guidance for its full application in many fields. 相似文献
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We used an experimental design (Scheffe simplex-centroid design) to examine ingredient interactions in food protein mixtures and their effects on functional properties. A defined and limited number of milk, albumen, and egg yolk blends were made and evaluated for heat gelation properties and for emulsifying and foaming capacity and stability. The method accounted for nonlinear interactions between the ingredients. Synergistic effects were revealed on heat gelation and emulsifying properties but antagonistic effects for foaming properties were noted. 相似文献
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Dynamic rheological measurements indicate that the gel formed during freezing is based on physical aggregation rather than chemical binding, with a nonhomogeneous structure. The gelation was highly dependent on frozen storage temperature in the range -10 to 14°C, but there was no appreciable difference in the range -14 to 24°C. When yolk was maintained motionless and supercooled at -10°C and -12°C for 23 hr, no change in the complex modulus, G*, was observed, but there was a considerable increase when yolk was disturbed and became frozen at the same temperatures for the same time. 相似文献
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为探究蛋清蛋白对豌豆淀粉凝胶化及凝胶特性的影响。分别以0%、3%、6%、9%和12%的蛋清蛋白替代豌豆淀粉,研究蛋清蛋白对豌豆淀粉糊化特性、热特性、静态流变、动态流变、凝胶质构及水分子状态的影响。结果表明:蛋清蛋白以浓度依赖的方式影响豌豆淀粉的糊化特性,峰值黏度、谷值黏度、崩解值、最终黏度、回生值均随蛋清蛋白添加量增加而降低,而糊化温度则升高。蛋清蛋白对豌豆淀粉凝胶化温度影响不显著,但降低了淀粉的凝胶化焓值。添加不同量蛋清蛋白的豌豆淀粉糊均表现为假塑性流体特征,Herchel-Bulkley模型能够很好地拟合其静态流变行为,稠度指数和屈服应力均随蛋清蛋白添加量增加而降低。添加蛋清蛋白降低了豌豆淀粉糊体系的黏弹性及凝胶的硬度、强度和可塑性。蛋清蛋白对豌豆淀粉凝胶中自由水含量影响不显著,但使结合水含量增加而不可流动束缚水含量降低。 相似文献
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Viscoelasticity of Frozen/Thawed Egg Yolk as Affected by Salts, Sucrose and Glycerol 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Based on dynamic rheological measurements, sucrose, glycerol and magnesium chloride (MgCl2 ) prevented egg yolk gelation at concentrations of 2% and higher. These additives showed improved cryoprotectant effects as their concentrations were increased. Sodium chloride (NaCl) at higher than 2% also prevented gelation but at 10%, it caused a considerable increase in viscosity of unfrozen yolk. Calcium chloride (CaCl2 ) showed an opposite effect, promoting protein coagulation before freezing. Samples with 2% CaCl2 gelled completely after 36h at -24°C. Before freezing, potassium chloride (KCl) in the range 2–10% had an effect similar to that of NaCl. However, after freezing its effect changed. Yolk with 2% KCl, frozen 36h at -24°C, showed very elastic behavior. 相似文献
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为提高蛋清蛋白凝胶性,本研究以蛋清蛋白(Egg white protein,EWP)为研究对象,通过分析质构、持水率、分子作用力、傅里叶红外色谱、圆二色谱、粒径、电位、巯基含量、表面疏水力及扫描电镜的变化,探究超高压处理(Ultra-high pressure,UHP)、谷氨酰胺转胺酶处理(Transglutaminase,TG)及超高压协同TG酶处理(Ultra-high pressure synergistic Transglutaminase,UTG)的蛋清蛋白热诱导凝胶机理及结构的变化。结果表明:UHP-EWP、TG-EWP、UTG-EWP的硬度、弹性和持水性均有所提高,疏水相互作用力是维持凝胶的主要作用力;UHP-EWP、TG-EWP、UTG-EWP的
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蛋黄中含有丰富的磷脂 ,包括卵磷脂和磷脂酰乙醇胺。磷脂具有非常好的乳化性能 ,并能够通过酶法变性 ,譬如利用磷脂酶A2 生产 2 溶血磷脂 ,该物质与天然磷脂相比 ,具有更好的乳化性能。经过磷脂酶A2 变性的蛋黄就可以用于各种食品的生产 ,而有些食品对乳化性能的要求非常苛刻。LysoMax○R酶是一种非基因改造的细菌磷脂酶A2 ,这种酶能够使蛋黄充分变性 ,并且对其他富含磷脂的底物如大豆卵磷脂和玉米卵磷脂也非常有效。 相似文献