基于CMYK颜色特征的火灾区域定位新方法

在森林火灾监测系统中,为了能够实时高效地定位森林视频监测图像中可疑的火灾着火点的具体位置,研究了将CMYK彩色模型下的火焰的彩色特征与遗传算法求最优适应度函数相结合,通过合理配置检测窗口邻域中颜色的M、Y、K各低阶矩特征在欧氏距离分类适应度函数中的因子,使森林监测图像的可疑的火灾点初定位控制在0.05s以内,然后通过火灾样本图像与初定位的可疑的火灾着火点的颜色互信息的计算和效验而给出准确的报警信号。实验结果表明,该算法具有良好的火焰区域定位效果及运算效率并易于移植于前端探测的嵌入式火灾探测系统。     

基于特征融合的视频火灾检测算法

针对目前视频火灾检测算法无法达到高识别率,高误报率的缺点,提出了一种多特征融合的图像型火灾检测算法.首先,依据火焰的颜色特征在RGB空间提取疑似火焰区域,其次计算疑似火焰区域面积变化率,相关系数,以及圆形度等特征对可疑图元进行特征提取,最后综合各特征值进行火灾检测.仿真实验结果表明,与利用单一特征检测火灾的算法相比能够...     

基于火焰图像动态特征的火灾识别算法

提出了一种基于火焰图像动态特征的火灾识别算法.首先在HSI空间对捕捉的图像进行彩色分割,通过相邻两帧图像判断视频中是否存在可疑火焰.当有可疑火焰存在时,再连续捕捉多帧图像,进行火焰中心定位并提取火焰动态特征,最后判断是否发生火灾.实验结果表明,该算法具有比较好的鲁棒性,能够有效地提高火灾识别的准确率、降低误报漏报率.     

基于神经网络与加权融合的火灾火焰识别研究

以室内环境为应用背景,结合火灾火焰的静态和动态特征,采用了一种神经网络与加权融合的火灾火焰识别算法,对室内火灾火焰进行实时快速判决。对视频图像进行可疑运动检测,再对颜色特征进行提取,在HIS颜色空间中建立新的颜色判据,然后获取圆形度和尖峰数;研究了火焰频闪特性,将这些特征信息作为神经网络的输入端,最终利用加权融合的算法,判定区域是否为火焰。     

基于图像特征的火焰识别与检测技术研究

提出了一种基于火焰图像特征的火灾火焰检测及识别算法。将火焰颜色、变化率作为火灾火焰检测与识别的判据,在火焰颜色模型和变化率的基础上引入火焰尖角以及圆形度对火灾火焰图像进行进一步判定。实验结果表明,该算法能有效提高火灾火焰检测与识别的准确率,排除干扰源。     

基于改进的PSO优化SVM火灾火焰识别算法研究

针对室内复杂环境下火灾识别准确率会降低的问题,提出了一种改进的粒子群算法优化支持向量机参数进行火灾火焰识别的方法;首先在YCrCb颜色空间进行火焰图像分割,对获得的火焰图像进行预处理并提取相关特征量;其次采用PSO算法搜索SVM的最优核参数和惩罚因子,并在PSO算法中加入变异操作和非线性动态调整惯性权值的方法,加快了搜索SVM最优参数的精度和速度;然后将提取的火焰各个特征量作为训练样本输入SVM模型进行训练,并建立参数优化后的SVM分类器模型;最后将待测试样本输入SVM模型进行分类识别;算法的火灾识别准确率达到94.09%,分类效果明显优于其他分类算法;仿真结果表明,改进的PSO优化SVM算法提高了火焰识别的准确率和实时性,算法的自适应性更强,误判率更低。     

Boosting在火灾识别中的应用研究

提出一种通过计算机图像识别火灾的新方法。首先根据亮度定位可疑火灾区域,对该区域中像素点提取亮度变化率及火焰面积变化率等特征,并提出一种新的谱值特征,以消除规则闪动的光源带来的干扰。之后,采用 Gentle Boosting算法设计分类器,在训练的同时进行最优特征选择,实现了对特征空间的降维及分类。最后,实验给出了在多种环境下的识别结果及对细小火苗的定位结果,表明了方法在识别精度与计算时间上的优势。     

基于CCD图像的自动定位灭火系统的开发

针对大空间建筑物早期火灾监控问题，提出了基于CCD图像信息的消防炮自动定位灭火监控系统的设计方案和具体实现，系统利用CCD摄像头提供的动态特征和颜色信息进行火源识别和定位，还利用了DSP和FPGA技术提高了系统的可靠性、经济性和实用性。通过实验证明，系统可以准确地识别和确认火焰，并通过消防炮控制器与消防炮联动，实现火源的空间定位，并自动控制消防炮向着火点喷射水柱灭火。     

基于SVM算法的文本分类技术研究

在优化分类技术的研究中,文本特征化后通常具有高维性和不平衡性的特点,导致传统的分类算法准确率不高的问题.针对文本分类器的性能容易受到核函数和参数的影响的问题,为提高文本分类器的准确性.采用支持向量机(SVM)的理论在文本分类技术同时将根据优化的粒子群算法(PSO)引入SVM分类算法中进行优化文本分类器的参数,将分类器的准确率作为PSO算法适应度函数通过粒子移动操作找出最佳参数并用SVM算法进行分类.在文本数据集上的仿真结果表明,与传统的算法相比,经PSO算法优化后的SVM文本分类器的准确性更高,PSO算法是一种有效的优化方法,能广泛应用于文本分类问题.     

早期油料火灾图像检测及识别技术研究

本文提出了一种早期油料火灾图像检测及识别算法。将火焰颜色、亮度及运动特征作为火灾检测与识别的判据,在火焰颜色模型和运动图像差分模型的基础上提出利用离散分形布朗随机增量场模型对早期油料火灾图像进行进一步的判定。模拟坑道实验结果表明,该算法能够有效提高油料火灾检测与识别的准确率,降低误报、漏报率。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.