水泥土桩复合地基中桩土分担荷载特性

1　前言复合地基的基本特点 ,是地基中的加强体与地基中的自然土体共同承担外部荷载的作用。经水泥桩加固后形成的水泥土桩复合地基 ,其特性不同于天然地基。在外荷载作用下 ,复合地基的应力场和位移场都发生了较大变化 ,在桩体上将产生应力集中。桩体和桩间土共同承担上部荷载。本文研究的桩土应力比等参数是影响复合地基承载力的重要因素 ,具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。2　桩土应力比桩土应力比 (ｎ)是指复合地基中桩顶上的平均应力和桩间土上的平均应力的比值。在桩土复合地基中设计的基本原则是使桩体和桩间土能最大限度的发挥作…     

土工格栅对复合地基桩土应力比的影响

土工格栅 +管桩应用于高速公路的软基路堤 ,其工作机理复杂。本文通过在试验段设置三个不同断面。从实测桩土应力分析了土工格栅对桩土应力比的作用机理 ,了解其变化规律 ,并通过理论推导出土工格栅作用下的桩土应力比的数学表达式     

变刚度复合地基桩土荷载分担比研究

以模型试验为基础,对传统复合地基及变刚度复合地基在竖向荷载作用下的力学性状进行分析研究。通过11组模型试验,对改变桩长的单桩、群桩复合地基及变刚度复合地基在竖向荷载作用下的内力及变形进行了量测和记录,试验揭示了桩土相互作用、荷载传递过程、桩土应力比、荷载分担比等规律。试验结果表明,变桩长CFG桩复合地基受力更合理、造价低、更经济。     

水泥土桩复合地基桩土分担荷载的试验研究

本文结合水泥土桩复合地基载荷试验, 现场量测了桩顶反力、桩间土反力, 分析了复合地基的桩土应力比、桩体应力集中系数、桩间土应力减小系数,并对复合地基中桩土分担荷载的特性进行了研究。     

复合地基桩土应力比的研究

复合地基的基本特点是地基中的加强体与地基中的自然土体共同承担外部荷载的作用。经水泥桩加固后形成的水泥土桩复合地基 ,其特点不同于天然地基。在外部荷载作用下 ,复合地基的应力场和位移场都发生了较大的变化 ,在桩体上将产生应力集中。桩体和桩间土共同承担上部荷载。本文研究的桩土应力比等参数是影响复合地基承载力的重要因素。１桩土应力比桩土应力比（ｎ）是指复合地基中桩顶上的平均应力和桩间土上的平均应力的比值。在桩土复合地基中设计的基本原则是使桩体和桩间土能最大限度地发挥作用。桩土应力比是反映复合地基工作性状的一…     

基于复合地基载荷试验的土工格栅加固分析

对土工格栅的功能与工作机理进行了分析，通过在载荷试验中桩顶盒桩间土的位置铺设土工格栅，在土工格栅的上下层埋设土压力盒来了解土工格栅对桩土应力的影响。通过对桩土压力数据进行处理，分析了土工格栅的作用机理与加固效果。     

多层加筋垫层刚性桩网复合地基的承载特性

为研究多层加筋垫层刚性桩网复合地基的承载特性,将设置有多层土工格栅的加筋垫层视为大挠度薄板进行分析,运用层合板理论,模拟多层土工格栅与碎石垫层之间的相互作用,建立加筋垫层抗弯刚度矩阵的计算方法。考虑刚性桩网复合地基的三维应力和位移边界条件,根据静力平衡条件,建立加筋垫层应力函数和挠度微分控制方程,并利用伽辽金方法进行求解。在此基础上,利用Winkler地基梁理论和大挠度薄板理论对桩土应力比和格栅拉力进行计算。最后,运用实际工程对计算方法进行验证,并综合分析格栅总层数、铺设间隔和位置等因素对桩土应力比及格栅拉力的影响。研究结果表明:理论计算结果与实测结果较为吻合;随着格栅总层数的增大,桩土应力比增大而格栅拉力降低,铺设2～3层格栅效率最高;随着铺设格栅间隔和底层格栅距桩帽距离的增大,桩土应力比降低,而格栅拉力增大。     

刚性基础下碎石桩复合地基临塑荷载的确定

为探讨碎石桩复合地基的承载力,从碎石桩的荷载传递和破坏性状出发,建立碎石桩复合地基的计算模型。基于半空间轴对称弹性理论及基本假定,考虑散体材料桩在荷载传递过程中的径向膨胀变形,根据桩土变形协调及桩土界面上径向应力平衡条件,得到桩土应力比的表达式。应用莫尔-库仑破坏准则,给出了碎石桩复合地基临塑荷载和临界荷载的计算公式。最后,与碎石桩复合地基极限承载力经典方法的计算结果进行对比,结果表明,计算所得的临界荷载十分接近。     

循环荷载下桩承加筋复合地基中土工格栅变形试验研究

循环荷载作用下刚柔性桩加筋复合地基中土工格栅工作性状的研究尚不多见。采用室内模型试验方法,通过改变循环荷载的频率及幅值,分析循环荷载作用下土工格栅的应变变化规律。结果表明,循环荷载下土工格栅应变变化规律与所施加的循环荷载相关,循环荷载作用下柔性桩边缘位置的土工格栅应变最大,其受循环荷载幅值及频率的影响也最大,这应在工程实践中引起重视。     

CFG桩复合地基桩土分担荷载比研究

以某工程为例 ,针对不同材料构成的褥垫层 (相同厚度 )及同一种材料不同垫层厚度情况进行了土压力盒试验 ,确定了不同情况下桩土分担荷载关系 ,并得出了一些有益的结论     

交通荷载作用下桩承式加筋路堤性能分析

为了研究交通荷载作用下桩承式加筋路堤的性能,采用FLAC3D软件建立桩承式加筋路堤的三维动力流固耦合分析模型,对比分析桩间距、路堤高度、格栅模量、桩体模量等对路面沉降及路基中孔隙水压力的影响。结果表明:随着格栅模量、桩体模量的增加或桩间距、路堤高度的逐渐减小,桩承式加筋路堤路面的工后沉降逐渐增大;随着桩间距、路堤高度、格栅模量的增加或桩体模量的逐渐减小,路基中累积的超孔隙水压力最大值逐渐减小。     

Load-settlement response of shallow square footings on geogrid-reinforced sand under cyclic loading

To study the settlement and dynamic response characteristics of shallow square footings on geogrid-reinforced sand under cyclic loading, 7 sets of large scale laboratory tests are performed on a 0.5?m wide square footing resting on unreinforced and geogrid reinforced sand contained in a 3?m?×?1.6?m?×?2?m (length?×?width?×?height) steel tank. Different reinforcing schemes are considered in the tests: one layer of reinforcement at the depth of 0.3B, 0.6B and 0.9B, where B is the width of the footing; two and three layers of reinforcement at the depth and spacing both at 0.3B. In one of the two double layered reinforcing systems, the reinforcements are wrapped around at the ends. The footings are loaded to 160?kPa under static loading before applying cyclic loading. The cyclic loadings are applied at 40?kPa amplitude increments. Each loading stage lasts for 10?min at the frequency of 2?Hz, or until failure, whichever occurs first. The settlement of the footing, strain in the reinforcement and acceleration rate in the soil have been monitored during the tests. The results showed that the ultimate bearing capacity of the footings was affected by the number and layout of the reinforcements, and the increment of bearing capacity does not always increase with the number of reinforcement layers. The layout of the reinforcement layers affected the failure mechanisms of the footings. Including more layers of reinforcement could greatly reduce the dynamic response of the foundations under cyclic loading. In terms of bearing capacity improvement, including one layer of reinforcement at the depth of 0.6B was the optimum based on the test results. It is found that fracture of geogrid could occur under cyclic loading if the reinforcement is too shallow, i.e. for the cases with the first layer of reinforcement at 0.3B depth.     

Effect of geogrid reinforcement on the load transfer in pile-supported embankment under cyclic loading

This paper investigated effects of geogrid reinforcement on the load transfer in pile-supported embankment under cyclic loading using self-moving trapdoor tests. In the self-moving trapdoor test setup, the trapdoor between two stationary portions (which were equivalent to the piles) was supported by compression springs to simulate the subsoil. Quartz sand and a biaxial geogrid were used as the test fill and reinforcement material, respectively. Tests results show that soil arching above the geogrid reinforcement and load transfer to the stationary portions (caused by the soil arching and tensioned membrane effect) experienced a process of “relatively enhancing - relatively degrading” with an increase in the number of cycles and maintained similar degrees within each complete cycle of cyclic loading. Moreover, the inclusion of geogrid reinforcement reduced the mobilization of soil arching, but increased the degree of load transfer to the stationary portions. In addition, cyclic loading with a higher frequency tended to mobilize more soil arching and induce a higher degree of load transfer to stationary portions. Also observed was that a higher frequency cyclic loading tended to decelerate the degradation of load transfer to stationary portions and caused less surface settlement, which indicating increased load-carrying capacity of pile-supported embankment.     

中低压缩性土地区桩承式加筋路堤现场试验研究

将桩承式加筋路堤技术应用于中低压缩性土地区高速铁路桥台和涵洞之间填方路基的处理,通过逐渐改变CFG桩桩长形成刚度均匀变化的地基加固区,严格控制线路纵向差异沉降。通过现场试验对桥台、涵顶和路基中心地基沉降进行了长期观测,同时对桩承式加筋路堤桩间土沉降、孔隙水压力、格栅上下表面土压力和格栅变形进行了长期监测分析。研究结果表明:桩承式加筋路堤可有效减小中低压缩性土地基沉降,总沉降小且很快趋于稳定;桩承式加筋路堤通过土拱效应和张拉膜效应将路堤荷载向桩帽传递,格栅下桩土应力比明显高于格栅上,张拉膜效应明显,格栅上桩土应力比接近1.0,土拱效应较弱;格栅在路肩处发挥的作用强于线路中心处。     

路桥过渡段桩承式加筋路堤现场试验研究

桩承式加筋路堤与路堤填土加筋技术联合应用于黄土地区路桥过渡段,减小路桥过渡段差异沉降和桥头跳车现象。通过 现场试验 对桩承式加筋路堤中心轴和路肩对应位置处格栅上、下表面桩顶和桩间土土压力、桩间格栅变形以及加筋路堤各断面格栅上、下表面土压力和格栅变形进行监测分析,研究结果表明：桩承式加筋 路堤通过土拱效应和张拉膜效应将路堤荷载向桩顶转移,从而可有效减小桩间土荷载;桩承式加筋路堤中心轴处路堤荷载转移主要以土拱效应为主,以张拉膜效应为辅,而路肩处格栅张拉膜效应较显著,路堤荷载传递由土拱效应和张拉膜效应共同完成,格栅在路肩处发挥作用效果大于路堤中心轴处;路堤加筋技术在桥台附近减载作用明显,随着距桥台距离的增加,减载作用逐渐减弱。     

柔性基础下CFG桩复合地基桩、土承载力发挥试验研究

CFG桩复合地基桩、土发挥性状与基础刚度密切相关。刚性基础和柔性基础下CFG桩复合地基室内模型对比试验得出,在试验条件下,两者在桩土应力比,桩、土荷载分担比,桩、土承载力发挥,变形场和负摩擦区等性状方面存在明显差异。试验结果可为CFG桩复合地基在交通市政领域中的应用提供参考。     

三轴循环荷载下页岩变形及破坏特征试验研究

前期工作已经研究了含裂隙页岩在单轴循环荷载下的变形及破裂特征,为进一步认清围压与循环荷载耦合作用下的变形及破坏特征,利用MTS815.03岩石刚性压力机展开了对含裂隙页岩的三轴循环加卸载试验研究。试验结果表明:在三轴循环荷载下,含裂隙页岩的破坏形式主要为混合破坏,呈现出拉剪贯通模式;随围压逐渐增大,页岩的峰值强度呈线性增大,完整页岩经11周加卸载循环后,峰值强度增大9.98%~25.03%;而含裂隙页岩经15周加卸载循环后,峰值强度增大1.47%~6.98%;含裂隙页岩在同一循环内的弹性模量大于变形模量,卸载弹性模量大于加载弹性模量,卸载变形模量大于加载变形模量,并且损伤面积系数F越大,卸载弹性模量与加载弹性模量的差值也越大;随循环加卸载次数逐渐增加,加载变形模量与卸载变形模量呈先增大后单调减小的规律,加载弹性模量与卸载弹性模量表现出先增大,后逐渐呈"波浪式"减小的规律,剧烈波动的弹性模量是内部结构不断发生局部调整的有效证据。该研究为揭示在围压与循环荷载耦合作用下含裂隙页岩破坏形成复杂裂缝网的发展机理提供了有益参考。     

低周反复荷载作用下钉节点性能试验研究

介绍了轻型木结构框架剪力墙结构中的面板与木框架钉节点在低周反复荷载作用下的试验研究;对采用不同OSB面板厚度、不同钉边距、顺纹或横纹受力的10组共100个钉节点试件的承载力、破坏模式、延性、刚度退化、强度退化和耗能性能作了比较分析。得到以下结论:钉边距影响钉节点的破坏模式;钉边距和面板厚度的增大有利于提高节点承载力、耗能和变形能力;板厚对顺纹受力试件承载力及横纹受力试件承载力相对关系影响较大,顺纹受力试件的延性与耗能能力相对横纹受力试件较差;钉边距增大使强度退化的速率逐渐降低;各因素对刚度退化的影响可忽略。     

Strain distribution along geogrid-reinforced asphalt overlays under traffic loading

While there is significant field evidence of the benefits of geosynthetic-reinforced asphalt overlays, their use has focused on minimizing the development of reflective cracks. Yet, geogrids in asphalt overlays are also expected to develop reinforcement mechanisms that contribute to the pavement structural capacity. Specifically, the use of geosynthetics in asphalt overlays may also improve the mechanical behavior of paved roads by controlling permanent displacements and reducing strains in the pavement layers. While relevant advances have been made towards identifying the mechanisms in geosynthetic stabilization of base courses, such mechanisms may differ from those that develop in geosynthetic-reinforced asphalt overlays. This paper investigates the development and distribution of tensile strains along geogrids used to reinforce asphaltic layers. Experimental data was collected from large-scale paved road models subjected to the repeated loading imparted by wheel traffic. Specifically, the study examines both the elastic and permanent components of displacements induced in geogrids by using mechanical extensometers attached to the geogrids. The testing program includes a number of geosynthetic-reinforced paved road models, as well as a control (unreinforced) section that was also instrumented for comparison purposes. Asphalt strain gauges were used to measure strains within the asphalt concrete layer, providing an additional source of information that proved to be highly consistent with the results obtained from the extensometers. The experimental results showed a progressive mobilization of permanent geogrid strains that reached a final profile beyond which additional traffic loading did not result in additional straining. In comparison, higher strains developed in the unreinforced model, which showed a continuously increasing trend. Elastic tensile strains in the asphalt mixture and rutting under the wheel load were comparatively smaller when using geogrids. Overall, the results generated in this study indicate that the presence of geogrids in asphalt overlays results in a lateral restraining mechanism that influences on the mechanical behavior of flexible pavements.