应用Fluent对40Cr管坯水平连铸过程中温度场及传热的研究

以水平连铸40Cr圆坯结晶器内温度场分布为研究对象,采用Fluent数值模拟软件凝固传热模型并结合射钉试验共同研究了管坯在不同拉坯工艺条件下,结晶器内40Cr钢液温度场分布及凝固传热过程,并对不同拉坯参数下铸坯试样进行了检测分析.分析结果表明:水平连铸拉坯工艺参数:拉速V=2.35 m/min,浇注温度T=1540℃,中间包过热度△T=36℃的拉坯参数下,结晶器内的温度场分布均匀稳定,铸坯质量好,产量高.采用Fluent数值模拟软件凝固传热模型并结合射钉试验可以有效地分析在不同拉坯工艺条件下水平连铸结晶器内的温度场分布及凝固传热过程,制定合理的拉坯工艺参数,减少管坯缺陷的发生,提高铸坯质量.     

结晶器内铸坯三维传热分析

基于连铸过程中铸坯温度场遗传特性,采用节点温度逐层传递模拟铸坯的运行,提出了一种结晶器内铸坯三维传热分析方法。利用有限元软件ANSYS建立结晶器内铸坯三维瞬态导热数值模型,分析结晶器内铸坯稳态温度场。运用建立的分析模型,对浇注SPHC板坯凝固过程进行模型分析,阐述了分析方法和过程。     

应用Fluent对水平连铸40Cr管坯温度场分布及传热的研究

本文以水平连铸40Cr圆坯结晶器内温度场分布为研究对象,采用Fluent数值模拟软件凝固传热模型并结合射钉试验共同研究了管坯在不同拉坯工艺条件下,结晶器内40Cr钢液温度场分布及凝固传热过程,并对不同拉坯参数下铸坯试样进行了检测分析。研究发现：水平连铸拉坯工艺参数：拉速V＝2.35(m/min),浇注温度T＝1540℃,中间包过热度ΔT＝36℃的拉坯参数下,结晶器内的温度场分布均匀稳定,铸坯质量好,产量高。研究表明,采用Fluent数值模拟软件凝固传热模型并结合射钉试验可以有效分析在不同拉坯工艺条件下水平连铸结晶器内的温度场分布及凝固传热过程,并进一步制定合理的拉坯工艺参数,降低管坯质量缺陷的发生,提高铸坯质量。     

薄板坯连铸凝固状态分析与结晶器长度设计

推导了薄板坯连铸过程中钢液在结晶器内的凝固传热有限元方程,开发了钢液凝固状态及温度场分布的模拟分析软件,探讨了拉坯速度及结晶器长度对结晶器出口坯壳厚度的影响。     

小方坯高速连铸结晶器温度场和应力场的有限元模拟

在高效连铸过程中,结晶器的传热效率起着至关重要的作用.根据小方坯结晶器的传热特点,应用三维非稳态有限元传热数学模型对小方坯结晶器在浇注过程中的温度进行了模拟,获得结晶器温度场分布及变化情况;同时利用六面体八节点单元,建立结晶器的三维应力模型,利用小方坯结晶器温度场的计算结果,模拟了不同结晶器铜板厚度的应力,结晶器壁越薄,变形越严重,应力越大.结果表明,合适的结晶器厚度为10mm.     

连铸结晶器温度场和应力场的有限元分析

在高效连铸过程中,结晶器的传热效率起着至关重要的作用。根据小方坯结晶器的传热特点,利用六面体八节点单元,建立了三维非稳态有限元传热数学模型,并用FORTRAN开发了相应的程序,对小方坯结晶器在浇注过程中的温度进行了模拟,获得结晶器温度场分布及变化情况;同时建立结晶器相应的三维应力模型,利用小方坯结晶器温度场的计算结果,模拟了不同结晶器铜板厚度的应力和铜板的变形。结果表明,结晶器壁越薄,变形越严重,应力越大;多锥度结晶器更适合结晶器的变形特点。     

小方坯连铸结晶器横向曲面模拟优化设计

针对实际连铸生产过程中连铸坯偏角部热点区容易产生表面凹陷等缺陷问题,根据连铸过程凝固规律研究与实际漏钢坯壳测量分析建立了小方坯传热数学模型。采用有限元软件ANSYS模拟计算了不同结晶器横向曲面设计下结晶器内坯壳温度场、应力场以及坯壳厚度分布。结果表明:在结晶器偏角部位设置具有部分横向曲面的结晶器,能在有效消除铸坯偏角部表面凹陷的同时不会增加角部裂纹产生机率,为最优设计方案。     

方坯连铸结晶器三维传热模拟

采用ANSYS有限元软件,以方坯连铸结晶器为研究对象,基于节点温度传递方法、利用ANSYS接触分析技术建立方坯连铸结晶器三维瞬态传热有限元模型,分析了结晶器内铸坯和结晶器铜壁的三维温度场及结晶器内铸坯坯壳分布规律。结果表明,弯月面区域铜壁温度较低,上口接近水缝内冷却水温度;弯月面下50 mm处结晶器铜壁温度最高,达到157℃;模型计算所得结晶器铜管高温区域形状与实际生产中下线铜管高温过烧区域形状基本一致;铸坯表面偏离角部30 mm处角部影响消失,铸坯表面温度趋于一致。     

薄板坯连铸漏斗型结晶器内流动、传热和凝固行为的数值研究

针对薄板坯连铸漏斗型结晶器,建立了钢液流动与凝固传热的三维耦合模型,在不改变造型复杂的水口和漏斗型结晶器的尺寸和结构的前提下,计算分析了不同操作参数——拉坯速度和浇注温度对结晶器内流场、温度场和凝壳的影响,同时采用了第二类和第三类两种不同的热边界条件进行了流场和温度场的分析。计算结果表明,钢液凝固壳及糊状区对结晶器内钢液的流动有很大影响,采用第二类热边界条件能够更真实地反映出结晶器内流动对传热的影响。     

圆坯连铸温度场模拟

耦合温度场和流场 ,建立了圆坯连铸铸坯温度场的二维稳态柱坐标数学模型。用该模型模拟了国内某钢铁公司Φ178mm圆坯连铸铸坯内温度场分布 ,以渐变色形式模拟显示了圆坯连铸铸坯中心断面温度场分布 ;在温度场的基础上 ,模拟了铸坯凝固壳的厚度变化 ;模拟显示了结晶器内的钢液流动 ;采用铸坯传热数学模型在不同拉速及过热度下进行计算 ,系统分析了拉速及过热度对凝固末端位置、出结晶器坯壳厚度的影响。凝固末端位置的计算结果与现场实测结果一致 ,从而证明了模型的合理性。本研究模拟出的温度场分布和铸坯坯壳厚度 ,为优化工艺参数 ,提高铸坯质量提供了理论依据     

新型气膜约束成形铝合金连续铸锭的研究

设计了一种新型气膜约束铝合金连铸结晶器,在结晶器与初凝壳之间可以形成气膜.设计思想是减少结晶器内的横向散热,形成连铸坯近似单向散热的条件,降低结晶器内的液穴深度,缩短初凝壳长度,从而减少或消除铝合金连铸坯内部缺陷,提高铝合金连铸坯内外品质.对新型结晶器与传统结晶器进行了传热数值模拟,证明凝固温度场发生很大变化.利用新型结晶器对7075铝合金进行了连铸试验,在气膜稳定平衡的条件下,连铸坯表面光滑.探讨了拉速、气体流量和气体压力的关系及其对连铸坯品质的影响,在液面高度稳定时,控制气体流量可以控制气膜的稳定性.     

A Free Thermal Contraction Method for Modelling the Heat-transfer Coefficient at the Casting/Mould Interface

Abstract

This study is intended to explore a simple and inexpensive method that is able to model the variation and distribution of the heat transfer coefficient at the casting/mould interface. It has been assumed that, in a rigid mould, the magnitude of interface gap size primarily depends on the thermal contraction of cast metal as it solidifies. Consequently, a free thermal contraction method has been developed to describe the thermal contact phenomena at the casting/mould interface, based on the above assumptions. This method has been used in the solidification simulations for three sand castings of different shapes. The numerical solutions of the simulations agree closely with the experimental results of the thermocouple measurements in the castings and their moulds. For the casting and mould materials involved, the empirical parameters in the equation of the heat transfer coefficient are the same for each of these cases, i.e. independent of the geometric shape of the castings.     

小方坯连铸机高速结晶器的研究与设计

本文建立了铸坯凝固传热数学模型,模拟计算了铸坯温度场、坯壳厚度、热流场、坯壳热收缩应力场、坯壳与铜壁间气隙厚度,计算坯壳厚度与实测坯壳厚度基本吻合;计算结果为连铸机生产、连铸机设计提供依据.并设计了高速结晶器,平均拉速达3.5m/min.     

Casting/mould interfacial heat transfer during solidification in graphite,steel and graphite lined steel moulds

Heat flow between the casting and the mould during solidification of three commercially pure metals, in graphite, steel and graphite lined steel moulds, was assessed using an inverse modelling technique. The analysis yielded the interfacial heat flux (q), heat transfer coefficient (h) and the surface temperatures of the casting and the mould during solidification of the casting. The peak heat flux was incorporated as a dimensionless number and modeled as a function of the thermal diffusivities of the casting and the mould materials. Heat flux transients were normalised with respect to the peak heat flux and modeled as a function of time. The heat flux model proposed was used to estimate the heat flux transients during solidification in graphite lined copper composite moulds.     

不同冷却结构倒角结晶器与直角结晶器铜板温度场的研究

角部温度对铸坯质量有较大的影响,建立了直角结晶器、2孔1槽倒角结晶器、3孔倒角结晶器和3孔1槽倒角结晶器铜板温度场的三维稳态数学模型,在相同的边界条件下,模拟分析了这4种结晶器的冷却行为及传热特性。对于不同类型铜板的温度分布数值模拟结果表明,相比于直角结晶器,倒角结晶器铜板角部温度有明显的提高,并且窄面的横向温度分布也与直角不同,呈现"W"形分布。2孔1槽型倒角结晶器窄面铜板比其他类型窄面铜板传热性能好,温度分布均匀,为倒角结晶器窄面铜板的设计提供了理论基础。     

Heat transfer and solidification analysis in the mould region of a horizontal copper alloy billet continuous caster

Abstract

Mathematical modelling has been widely used as a powerful tool for process design and optimisation of the continuous casting process. A three-dimensional heat transfer model was developed to simulate heat transfer and solidification in a horizontal billet continuous casting system. In this model, the air gap formation and its effect on heat extraction from the billet was also modelled and considered. The developed model was run to simulate the heat transfer and solidification for an industrial billet casting machine. The predicted temperature distribution within the mould and billet was compared with those measured on an industrial caster and good agreement was obtained. Parametric studies were carried out to evaluate the effects of different parameters on the temperature distribution and solidification profile within the cast brass billet. Finally, the secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) was determined experimentally and a semi-empirical correlation between measured SDAS and corresponding calculated cooling rate was proposed for continuously cast brass billet.     

A Theoretical and Experimental Study of Heat Line Formation in a Roll Caster

The authors show that a steady state two-dimensional finite difference model has been developed to describe the roll casting process, incorporating a variable heat transfer coefficient through the roll bite. The model explains the formation of the speed limiting defects called ‘heat lines’ in terms of this variable strip/roll heat transfer coefficient. The results of subsequent casting speed trials are compared with the predictions made by the numerical model. Approximate values of the heat-transfer coefficients through the roll bite in the various regions proposed for the roll caster model have been determined by matching predicted strip exit temperatures to experimental measurements for various casting speeds. Further evidence for the values of the alloy/mould heat transfer coefficients were obtained from cooling curves. The model has been used to investigate the effect of varying various casting parameters on the strip exit temperature and the critical casting speed above which heat lines form.     

中薄板坯连铸结晶器浸入式水口的优化设计

应用数值模拟软件对唐钢中薄板坯连铸结晶器及浸入式水口内的钢水流场、温度场进行数值模拟,分析了水口结构、拉速、浸入深度和铸坯断面对流场和温度场的影响,在此基础上确定了水口的最佳结构和浸入深度,并在生产中进行了验证,不但提高了铸坯质量和产量且稳定了连铸生产。