EPDM／PP热塑性弹性体的制备及性能研究

以充油三元乙丙橡胶（ＥＰＤＭ）,粉状聚丙烯（ＰＰ）、超细活性滑石粉为基本材料,采用动态硫化法在单螺杆挤出机组上制备ＥＰＤＭ／ＰＰ共混型热塑性弹性体（ＴＰＶ）;用力学性能试验及动态热流变仪方法测定了ＥＰＤＭ／ＰＰ－ＴＰＶ的性能。结果表明,当ＥＰＤＭ充油量为２０％－３０％时,ＥＰＤＭ与ＰＰ熔融共混效果好;ＤＣＰ用量为１．２％－１．５％时,ＥＰＤＭ／ＰＰ共混体系达到完全动态硫化;超细滑石粉最佳添加量为１     

热致性液晶共聚酯／聚丙烯共混物

通过熔融共混制备了不同配比的（ＰＨＢ／ＰＥＴ）／ＰＰ共混物，研究表明，共混物的弯曲弹性模量，弯曲强度及拉伸强度均比ＰＰ有所提高，当液晶含量为１５％，ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ为２０％时，（ＰＨＢ／ＰＥＴ）（ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ）／ＰＰ三元共混物弯曲弹性模量最大，ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ作为两相界面相容剂，改善了两相间的亲合性。ＤＳＣ分析表明，共混物中ＰＰ相的结晶温度有较大幅度的提高，（ＰＨＢ／ＰＥＴ）共聚酯起了ＰＰ结晶     

PP／EVA共混物中PP结晶行为及对性能的影响

借助ＤＳＣ和ＷＡＸＤ方法研究聚丙烯／乙烯－乙酸乙烯酯共聚物（ＰＰ／ＥＶＡ）共混体系的结晶行为，测定了共混物中ＰＰ的晶胞参数，结果表明，ＰＰ／ＥＶＡ体系中ＰＰ基体的晶胞参数以及结晶性能不受ＥＶＡ的影响：ＰＰ与ＥＶＡ两相没有形成共结晶，共混物中冲击性能的提高主要受ＥＶＡ含量及其微观形态结构的影响，而与ＰＰ结晶性能基本无关。     

MAH—g—PP对PP／EVAL共混体系的增容作用

系统研究了不同组成及配比的马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（ＭＡＨ－ｇ－ＰＰ）及其用量对聚丙烯（ＰＰ）与乙烯－乙烯醇共聚物（ＥＶＡＬ）的共混体系（ＰＰ／ＥＶＡＬ）力学性能借用Ｂｒａｂｅｎｄｅｒ塑化仪测试了ＰＰ／ＥＶＡＬ／ＭＡＨ－ｇ－ＰＰ共混体系的加工性能。结果表明,ＭＡＨ－ｇ－Ｐ接枝物对ＰＰ／ＥＶＡＬ共混体系有较好的增容作用,适量加入,可使ＰＰ／ＥＶＡＬ共混体系的力学性能明显提高,而加工性能基本不变。     

用合成相容剂制备NBR/PP动态硫化共混型热塑性弹性体的研究

用马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（ＭＰ）／胺／端羧基液体工腈橡胶（ＣＴＢＮ）反应，生成ＰＰ－ＮＢＲ嵌段共聚物作为相容剂制备ＮＢＲ／ＰＰ动态硫化共混型热塑性弹性体效果很好，其中尤以ＭＰ／１．６－己二胺／ＣＴＢＮ效果最为理想。相容剂用量控制在６％左右。ＰＰ的熔融指数越小，共混体的性能越好。硫化体系采用酚酸树脂２４０２／氯化亚锡（８／０．５）、加入一定量的增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯和补强剂高耐磨炭黑，可获得性能较好的共混体。     

改性PP三元共混体阻燃性能的研究

研究了含卤阻燃剂，十溴联苯醚（ＤＢＤＰＯ）；氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）和三氧化二锑（Ｓｂ２Ｏ３）及氢氧化铝对改性聚丙烯（ＰＰ）－聚丙烯／高密度聚乙烯／乙丙橡胶（ＰＰ／ＨＤＰＥ／ＥＰＲ）三元共混体阻燃性能的影响，分析了阻燃剂间的协同作用，讨论了阻燃机理，结果表明：（１）Ｓｂ２Ｏ３与ＤＢＤＰＯ、ＣＰＥ并用能改性ＰＰ三元共混体的阻燃性能提高，当含卤阻燃剂用量是Ｓｂ２Ｏ３的四倍左右时阻燃效果最好，阻燃性能提高一     

PP／AS／DCP反应共混中SEBS的添加效应

研究了在聚丙烯（ＰＰ）／丙烯腈－苯乙烯共聚物（ＡＳ）／过氧化二异丙苯（ＤＣＰ）共混物反应挤出过程中添加热塑弹性体氢化（苯乙烯－丁二烯－苯乙烯共聚物）（ＳＥＢＳ）对ＰＰ／ＡＳ共混物降解的抑制效果对接枝反应的促进作用。对反应经物中ＰＰ相ＭＦＲ、红外测试及扫描电子显微镜与航向电子显微镜对共混物的观察结果表明,加入ＳＥＢＳ不但可以抑制反应共混中ＰＰ和ＡＳ的降解,而且可以大大促进反应共混中的接枝反应的进行,     

稀土偶联剂（REC）对PP／Mg（OH）2体系性能的影响

研究了稀土偶联剂（ＲＥＣ）处理对ＰＰ／氢氧化镁（Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２）体系的燃烧性能、流动性能、力学性能及老化性能的影响。未经处理的Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２在填充量超过５０％时,ＰＰ／Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２体系的ＯＩ≥２８．５,但这时冲击强度不足纯ＰＰ的３０％,熔体流动速率低于０．６ｇ／１０ｍｉｎ;而填料用２．５％（重量）ＲＥＣ处理后,填充量为５０％的体系冲击强度接近纯ＰＰ,ＭＦＲ达２．８ｇ／１０ｍｉｎ;ＲＥＣ对Ｍｇ（Ｏ     

LDPE接枝马来酸锌离聚物对PP／PA6共混体系相容性的影响

采用ＳＥＭ和动态粘弹谱研究了不同接枝率的ＬＤＰＥ接枝马来酸锌离聚物（ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＺｎ）对ＰＰ／ＰＡ６共混体系相容性的影响。ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＺｎ采用熔融法合成,所制样品接枝率分别为１．５％（质量,下同）、４．５％和５．４％。研究结果表明,ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＺｎ能有效地改善ＰＰ／ＰＡ６共混物的相容性,其相容性随离聚物接枝率的提高而增强。在ＰＰ（９０）／ＰＡ（１０）体系中,加入离聚物后分散相（ＰＡ６）更均匀、粒子尺寸更小,而且随着离聚物接枝率的提高,ＰＡ６颗粒的粒径就越小,分散越匀;在ＰＰ（５０）／ＰＡ（５０）的体系中,离聚物的加入使两相互相贯穿,在动态粘弹谱上表现出Ｔｇ相互靠近,熔断温度有所提高。     

增韧聚丙烯三元共混体阻燃性能的研究

研究了多种阻燃剂，包括Ｓｂ２Ｏ３、Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３、ＣＰＣ、ＤＢＤＰＯ对聚丙烯／高密度聚乙烯／乙丙橡胶（ＰＰ／ＨＤＰＥ／ＥＰＲ）三元共混体—增韧聚丙烯—阻燃性能的影响；阻燃剂间的协同作用；并探讨了阻燃机理。结果表明：１、ＡＬ（ＯＨ）３的重量含量超过４０％时，阻燃效果显著；２、三种阻燃剂（Ｓｂ２Ｏ３、ＤＢＤＰＯ、ＣＰＥ）并用，阻燃效果明显提高，含卤化合物（ＤＢＤＰＯ与ＣＰＥ）是Ｓｂ２Ｏ３重量的四倍时，阻燃性能最佳；３、Ｓｂ２Ｏ３与ＤＢＤＰＯ并用时，当Ｂｒ／Ｓｂ的摩尔比为３∶１时阻燃效果最好     

A study of paint adhesion to polymeric substrates

In order to explore the fundamental mechanism of paint adhesion to polymer substrates the surface of polypropylene- ethylene propylene rubber (PP-EPR) blends was modified by flame or plasma treatments. The changes in surface composition and properties were investigated and discussed in light of the results of simple adhesion tests. The topography and surface properties of the PP-EPR samples were studied by employing various surface sensitive techniques. Additionally, the surface properties of the pre-treated PP-EPR were compared with the model polymers poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polycarbonate (PC) displaying a poor and an excellent paint adhesion, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements showed that the miscibility of the polymer substrate with paint components was an essential factor for the understanding of the adhesion mechanism. A general model of paint adhesion to polymer surfaces is proposed, where the degree of interdiffusion of the polymer chains of the substrate and paint in the interphase determines the adhesion strength.     

Morphology and properties of blends of polypropylene with ethylene-propylene rubber

Great attention has been paid to the toughening of isotactic polypropylene (PP) in recent years in order to make full use of this plastic. This paper presents the results of our study on the compatibility of PP with ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPT), polybutadiene rubber (PB) or styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) through characterization of the blends' morphology, and on. the morphology and properties of binary blends of PP with EPT (EPT/PP) and ternary blends of PP, EPT, and polyethylene (PE) (EPT/PE/PP). Morphological structure of solution blends and the great improvement in low-temperature impact strength and other properties of the mechanical blends have shown the difference among EPT, PB, and SBR in compatibility with PP, the effectiveness of using EPT as PP's toughening agent, and the effect of EPT on EPT/PP blend as both toughening agent and compatibilizer. Addition of EPT to EPT/PP made interesting changes in morphology but no effect on properties was observed.     

Coloring effect of the organic hybrid of polyamide 6 and N,N′‐ethylene‐bis(tetrabromophthalimide)

Coloring study in organic hybrid of polyamide (PA6) and N,N′‐ethylene‐bis(tetrabromophthalimide) (EPT), where the chromophore was self‐assembled by hydrogen bonding formed between PA6 molecular chains and EPT compound, have been characterized by several techniques. CS930 double wavelength lamella scanner was employed to measure the change of color. The existence of hydrogen bonding in PA6/N‐N′‐ethylene‐bis (tetrabromophthalimide) (PA6EPT) was investigated with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), the results of which were compared with that of PA6 with the same thermal history. FTIR spectra at room temperature revealed that there is essentially hydrogen bonding between PA6 and EPT. The crystallization behavior of PA6EPT affected by hydrogen bonding was studied by using FTIR. The temperature‐dependent behavior of both PA6 and PA6EPT was studied by temperature‐FTIR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). With temperature increasing, changes in sensitive, high‐resolution absorbance spectra are observed as dissolve‐volatilizing thin film. Temperature‐FTIR results showed that the hydrogen bonding in PA6EPT attenuated and dissociated considerably at a smaller rate than PA6, that is to say, hydrogen bonding in PA6EPT is more stable than that in PA6. DSC showed that the melting temperature of PA6EPT and PA6 are similar. However, the crystalline degree and crystalline temperature and melting enthalpy of PA6 and PA6EPT are different. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 594–600, 2007     

丙烯/1-丁烯无规共聚物与丙烯/乙烯抗冲共聚物的对比研究

对丙烯/1-丁烯无规共聚物(PPB)与丙烯/乙烯抗冲共聚物(PPE)的结晶行为进行对比,在等温结晶时,通过相对结晶度随时间的变化关系、等温结晶曲线等研究,表明丙烯/1-丁烯无规共聚物结晶速率明显低于丙烯/乙烯抗冲共聚物,同时丙烯/乙烯抗冲共聚物的等温结晶速率随乙烯单元含量增加没有明显降低。根据Avrami方程计算了共聚物的结晶活化能,证明丙烯/1-丁烯无规共聚物的结晶能力较丙烯/乙烯抗冲共聚物低。扫描电镜分析丙烯/1-丁烯无规共聚物在丁烯单元摩尔分数2.39%时没有韧性拉伸,而丙烯/乙烯抗冲共聚物在乙烯单元摩尔分数3%时出现韧性拉伸。     

X-ray diffraction study of anisotropy by formation and decomposition of nickel hydride Part I: Orientation dependence of the extent of phase transformation of nickel into nickel hydride

The effect of microstructure and crystal direction on the extent of phase transformation (EPT) of Ni into -NiH by cathodic charging with H has been investigated by X-ray diffraction. A measure for EPT in each crystal direction is the relevant volume fraction of -NiH. EPT is controlled by the crystal direction in the case of heat-treated specimens. In the case of electrodeposited specimens, the imperfections of which are commensurate with those of cold-worked metals, EPT is controlled by both the crystal direction and the dislocation-induced anisotropy at the same time. The study provides new information on the characteristics of the phase transformation of bulk nickel into -NiH.     

ZDP与EPT/ATO协同阻燃PA6的性能

以二乙基次膦酸锌(ZDP),N,N′–乙撑双四溴邻苯二甲酰亚胺(EPT)和三氧化二锑(ATO)组成阻燃体系与聚己内酰胺(PA6)经熔融共混制得阻燃PA6。利用热失重、炭层形貌分析、傅立叶变换红外光谱、裂解气相色谱-质谱、差示扫描量热、垂直燃烧和极限氧指数(LOI)测试研究其阻燃及热性能。结果表明,ZDP与EPT/ATO具有协同阻燃作用,当PA6,ZDP,EPT与ATO配比为44∶3∶2∶1时,阻燃PA6的UL 94达到V–0级,LOI为29.4%;与纯PA6相比,结晶温度与热失重残炭率均有所提高,分别为188.8℃和8.7%,熔融温度几乎不变,最大热失重温度约为435.9℃;燃烧产生的次膦酸自由基、溴自由基和EPT残留物可以捕获燃烧区自由基,提高了离火自熄性;燃烧形成的连续致密孔隙状交联炭层具有抗滴落的作用。     

Highly effective ironporphyrin-immobilized catalytic systems for the processes of hydroxylation and epoxidation of lower alkanes and alkenes

The catalytic activity of the following samples in the hydroxylation reaction were studied: PPFe 3+ OH/AlSiCr, PPFe 3+ OH/AlSiMg, PPFe 3+ OH/Al 2 O 3 , and per-FTPhPFe 3+ OH/Al 2 O 3 . PPFe 3+ OH/AlSiMg-catalyzed methane hydroxylation yielded 46.5 wt% of methanol at a 48% methane conversion, at a maximum of 180°C. Per-FTPhPFe 3+ OH/Al 2 O 3 testing in propane hydroxylation by H 2 O 2 yielded 39.3 mol% of isopropanol. Per-FTPhPFe 3+ OH/Al 2 O 3 -catalyzed propylene oxidation by H 2 O 2 yielded 30 mol% of propylene oxide. PPFe 3+ OH/Al 2 O 3 -catalyzed propylene epoxidation yielded the following: the selectivity on the monooxygenase products is about 100%, the selectivity on propylene oxide - 59.2%, propylene conversion - 93.3%. The experimental research data revealed the fact that during the reaction of epoxidation per-FTPhPFe 3+ OH/Al 2 O 3 proved to be more stable under the influence of oxidizer and temperature than PPFe 3+ OH/Al 2 O 3 .     

Morphology,Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Poly(propylene) Fibre‐Matrix Composites

Preparation and properties of poly(propylene)‐poly(propylene) composites have been investigated. Poly(propylene) fibres of varying diameter have been incorporated in a random ethylene co‐poly(propylene). The composites prepared from the same semi‐crystalline polymer in the matrix and reinforcement have lead to inherently strong interfacial bonding between the two phases of the same polymer. The composites demonstrated enhanced stiffness, which increased with fibre diameter. The structure, thermal, static and mechanical properties of poly(propylene) long fibre reinforced random co‐poly(propylene) composites have been studied with reference to the fibre diameter. The matrix and fibre components retained their separate melting temperatures. After melting, the two phases remained separate and showed their individual crystallization temperatures on cooling, and melting temperatures on a second heating. The melting temperature of the poly(propylene) fibres increased after formation of the composites. The compression molding of the composites at a temperature below the melting temperature of the fibres caused annealing of the fibre crystals. By incorporation of long poly(propylene) fibre into random co‐poly(propylene), the glass transition, storage and static modulus have been found to be increasing and composite with the largest fibre diameter shows better properties. Transcrystallization of the matrix poly(propylene) was observed.

Optical microscopy of composites with fibre diameter 68 μm.     

聚1-丁烯与少量丙烯釜内合金的合成与表征

采用自制的负载钛催化体系[TiCl4／MgCl2-AlEt3],合成了聚1-丁烯与少量丙烯的釜内合金。考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂加入量、丙烯与1-丁烯共聚时间等肘催化活性和合金等规度的影响。从而确定了该材料的最佳生产条件。实验结果表明Ti／Bt值约为2．2×10^-5,Al／Ti为200左右时,催化剂的催化活性相对较高。升高温度和延长反应时间同样可以提高催化活性及增大合金中的丙烯单元含量。同时还对合金进行了结构表征。     

Selective extraction of zinc and iron from passivating baths

In this work, the viability study of the removal of zinc and iron from chromium (III) passivating baths is presented. The Emulsion Pertraction Technology (EPT), a liquid-liquid extraction process performed in membrane contactors has been applied. Real passivating baths with the following metal concentrations have been tested: Zn, 7000 mg/L; Fe, 30 mg/L and Cr, 5500 mg/L respectively. After the EPT treatment and at the applied experimental conditions, these concentrations were decreased to 2450 mg/L of Zn and 4 mg/L of Fe, while the chromium concentration was maintained approximately at the initial value. The EPT process allowed the simultaneous recovery of Zn in a concentrated stripping phase. The influence of the pH of the feed phase strongly affected the kinetics of metals removal. A value of pH = 2.5 allowed to attain the required high selectivity values of α_Zn/Cr.