A Role-Based Service Level NFC Ecosystem Model

Near Field Communication (NFC) is a short range wireless communication technology allowing to communicate mobile devices within close proximity. It provides opportunity for service providers to offer various value added services to customers. NFC technology allows the usage of wide range of applications and eliminates the obligation to carry additional components other than the mobile device such as credit or payment cards, tickets, identification cards or keys. Despite its technological advantages over alternative ones, the NFC business ecosystems and services are yet to take off. The problems mainly arise with the business issues triggered by different and mostly conflicting needs of many actors in the ecosystem and several additional technical issues. In this study, by adopting a role-based service ecosystem modeling, we propose an NFC ecosystem model which perfectly specifies the roles in the ecosystem, and defines set of activities for each role, and communication structure. We analyzed NFC ecosystem in three phases as pre-installation, installation, and service usage. We have defined the activities and communication structure in the first two phases, and finally investigated the service usage phase in three different operating modes of NFC. After giving the details of the proposed ecosystem model, two use cases are given to validate the developed ecosystem model. We complete our study by discussing the requirement satisfaction.     

手机NFC技术的测试方法分析

NFC,英文全称是Near Field Communication,它是指近距离无线通信,允许多个电子设备之间进行简单而安全的双向交互.与蓝牙类似,可满足无线连接需求,被广泛应用到了手机产品开发中.而在手机NFC技术实际推广时,为了保证近场通信环境质量和安全,应做好NFC技术的测试工作,更好的发挥其技术优势.本文,首先分析了NFC技术的原理.然后,阐述了NFC手机实现方案.最后,总结了NFC技术的具体测试方法.     

基于云架构的手机NFC小区应用

云计算的最大优势之一就是资源和应用的集中部署与分散使用,从而实现低成本的信息服务。在云架构的基础上实现手机NFC在小区内部应用和手机支付应用,在提供便民服务的同时保证服务的安全性,从而加快小区内部智能化建设并引导和激活各小区内部封闭商圈的信息化发展。     

一种适用于NFC移动设备的双向认证安全方案

近场无线通信(NFC)是一种已经被广泛应用的短距无线通信技术.其中最常见的是将NFC技术应用于移动支付和门禁访问控制等应用.从技术上讲,这些应用利用NFC模拟卡模式将NFC设备模拟成银行卡或门禁卡,然后等待外部阅读器验证.在这类应用场景下,选取合适的安全认证方案是非常重要的.首先,介绍了现有的NFC认证系统和安全方案并分析了系统安全需求和潜在的安全风险.然后,采用Hash、AES和口令Key动态更新机制,提出了一种适用于NFC移动设备的双向认证安全方案,并设计了自同步机制.最后,利用GNY逻辑以形式化证明的形式证明了方案的安全性,分析表明该方案能解决伪造、重放攻击、窃听、篡改、异步攻击等安全问题.     

RFID的近距离通信技术NFC在亚洲和欧洲的发展状况

近距离通信技术NFC由日本的索尼和荷兰的皇家飞利浦电子两家公司共同开发和提案,被纳入世界标准。本文介绍了NFC的原理、NFC论坛的概况、NFC和其他技术的相关性、NFC手机的用途之后总结了NFC技术在日本、亚洲、欧洲的概况,并描述了今后NFC技术的应用动向。     

NFC安全通信架构的研究

随着数字信息的使用越来越广泛,信息遭受攻击的次数和种类也越来越多,现阶段的智能卡身份验证架构在安全性和性能上,依然有一定程度的提升空间。在基于智能卡安全性的前提下,增加智能卡进行身份认证时的计算性能,加入了NFC近距离无线通信技术,以目前个人式手持设备中使用率最高的手机为例,模拟NFC手机在ATM上进行用户身份认证的沟通流程,以期能为用户提供一个崭新、可靠、便利性高的安全通信机制。     

NFC — the intuitive contactless technology becomes reality

Near Field Communication (NFC) is opening-up completely new perspectives for the mobile communication industry. It enables contactless peer-to-peer communication, reading/writing of contactless cards and, when combined with a smart card IC, emulation of a contactless card. NFC has taken major steps towards market acceptance: ISO standards are in place for the interface and communication protocols, many leading companies in the field are promoting it within the NFC Forum, and numerous field trials are being deployed around the world. Different architectures are being considered for NFC and security mobile phone architectures. The first Philips cellular system solution integrating NFC hardware and software illustrates a successful implementation of one of these architectures.     

Spotlight: the rise of the smart phone

Cell phones are everywhere, growing in both number and type. A smart phone is a next-generation, multifunctional cell phone that provides voice communication and text-messaging capabilities and facilitates data processing as well as enhanced wireless connectivity. Both the industry and academic research communities are working to resolve numerous issues, ranging from low-power hardware design, to flexible I/O methods, to location-sensing technologies, to mobile security issues. Nevertheless, with the deployment of 3G and Wi-Fi hotspots nationwide and the adoption of smart phones by the masses, we expect to see a spectrum of new services and applications targeting smart phone users that essentially mobilize people's daily lives and enterprise computing.     

Development for 4th generation mobile communications

The great success of the i‐mode service shows that data communication services are becoming accepted in the mobile communication world. Multimedia mobile communication services will be provided by 3rd generation IMT‐2000 systems next year in Japan. Thus, the time has come to begin the research and development for 4th generation (4G) mobile communication systems. There exist many difficult issues for 4G systems, such as frequency resources, additional investment, higher speed wireless transmission technology and so on. Furthermore, a new concept must be discussed for 4G before solving these issues. This paper briefly presents current conditions of cellular systems and the development of IMT‐2000 in Japan. The concept and problems of the 4G system are then described along with new technologies that will be useful in solving technical problems. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Secure and Efficient Mutual Authentication Scheme for NFC Mobile Devices

As the technology of mobile devices spreads fast, the price of mobile devices is getting cheaper. Most of the people have mobile devices, and these devices have the technology of near field communication (NFC). With the long time development and research, the mobile devices use NFC technology on the payment and authentication applications, and replace the smartcard, the access control card, and the credit card by using the card emulation mode. It helps the development of NFC applications. In recent years, more and more users begin using NFC technology on mobile payment and authentication. Many researches have proposed the related NFC authentication protocols, but their schemes are still lack of some security properties and functions, which are necessary for NFC authentication protocols. In this paper, we propose a secure and efficient NFC authentication scheme between two NFC devices by the help of the authentication server that provides mutual authentication.     

13．56MHz通信技术在近场手机支付方案中的应用简析

近年来,随着智能手机的不断普及和IC银行卡迁移进程的不断推进,手机近场支付业务也随之兴起。目前国际国内金融支付体系普遍采用基于13．56MHz国际标准（ISO14443标准）的非接触式近场通信技术。作为近场支付通信的关键技术,不仅要保证通信的安全可靠性,还要适应和推动支付行业的发展。本文主要从金融支付应用的角度对13．56MHz近场通信技术方案进行分析,重点对该技术方案在金融应用的安全性、可靠性、业务国际化、多行业融合等方面的适用性进行分析,提出了对近场支付通信技术的相关建议。     

Factors that hinder the success of SIM-based mobile NFC service deployments

Near Field Communication (NFC) enables bidirectional wireless proximity communication between mobile handsets. From an end user point of view, mobile NFC services are expected to replace plastic cards (for payment, ticketing, transport, etc.) by bringing improved convenience and functionality. SIM cards have been used to secure the data and applications that implement mobile NFC services. A total of 300 commercial and pilot SIM-based mobile NFC service initiatives have been reported in 2015. However, their deployment is so complex that no commercial solution has succeeded in reaching out the mass market with few exceptions in special institutional settings (e.g. Japan). Although particularly urgent to the telecom industry, existing scientific research provides limited explanations to why these initiatives are not succeeding. We present a framework that identifies twenty-six factors that hinder the success of SIM-based mobile NFC service deployments.     

常见3G流媒体业务投诉的分析与排查

3G流媒体业务,是移动通信发展的方向.随着3G多媒体手机的大规模上市,以手机为载体的相关产业也将随之得到空前发展,通过音频、视频工具提供的服务将占主导地位.但运营商要发展流媒体业务还需解决诸多技术问题,如文件制作技术、文件定位调度管理技术、节点选择技术、同步技术、容错技术、终端能力以及安全机制等.结合日常流媒体投诉处理的一些经验,总结出几种常见流媒体业务投诉的处理和分析方法.     

手机支付在电子商务领域的发展

手机已不再是单纯的语音通信工具,目前大部分的手机都还可以集手机音乐、手机游戏、手机阅读、手机报纸、手机电视、手机钱包等多种应用功能于一身,手机支付也成为了一种满足用户需要的重要应用功能。同时,急速增长的移动电子商务交易作为手机支付发展的根本动力,促使手机支付的产业链日益成熟。本文将从手机支付的分类、商业模式、发展现状、存在的问题等方面进行分析,并提出一些发展建议。     

基于UMA技术的话音业务互切换技术的研究

在我国,中国移动已成为全球为数不多的几个同时拥有固定网络与移动网络的大运营商之一,如何充分利用固定网络资源与移动网络资源成为了全球通信业界研究的热点之一。本平台的目标是利用UMA技术有效的将Wi-Fi网络与TD-SCDMA网络和GSM网络结合在一起,实现三网融合,将话音业务和数据业务进行分流;由一个具有自主开发产权的UMA控制器(UNC)和双模手机构成。在不影响现有移动网络的基础上,通过增加UMA控制器,双模手机能够通过Wi-Fi网络无缝接入移动通信网络,实现WLAN、TD-SCDMA网络和GSM网络相互切换、漫游、无线上网等功能,移动用户不需改变号码即可享受该功能。     

IPRAN部署方案研究

随着移动通信2G向3G技术的演进,以话音为主的移动业务向着话音和数据业务并重的方向发展,移动互联网的新型业务以及电信运营商的全业务拓展需求推动着移动业务和承载网络的IP化进程。本文介绍了IPRAN的发展背景,对关键问题进行了分析。同时,对主流的IPRAN技术做了一定的介绍;特别针对PTN的技术原理以及组网策略进行了论证。在此基础上,讨论了全业务运营环境中,如何以IP RAN作为切入点来构建一个融合承载移动、视频及宽带等综合业务的承载网络架构。最后,通过某电信运营商的实际网络部署策略方案为案例,对IPRAN网络部署策略做一定阐述。     

NFC Loyal for Enhancing Loyalty Services Through Near Field Communication

Near Field Communication (NFC) as an emerging technology is currently leveraged by large standardization efforts and tries to find a suitable ecosystem. NFC enabled mobile devices with integrated smart cards introduce compelling opportunities and new business models. Development of new standards such as secure element (SE), smart card, secure channel, as well as JavaCard enables creating new ecosystems using a concurrent multi application platform which takes advantage of GlobalPlatform standards. We proposed NFC Loyal, which maintains storage, retrieval, and sharing among payment and loyalty applications through our proposed structure, called as Secure Common Domain Management (SCDM) system. SCDM as a centralized database management system on the SE stores valuable information provided by payment applications and shares them with loyalty applications through a secure channel. The direct outcome of using NFC Loyal is the increase in repeat purchases of customers; as well as being a beneficial business plan realized among the payment firms, loyalty firms, and the card owner, resulting in a win-win business model. In this study, we describe NFC Loyal model with its technical infrastructure, and present the NFC Loyal model’s life cycle management on SE.     

Wireless application protocol overview

Wireless application protocol (WAP) is being heralded as the standard for communication of mobile Internet services to smart phone and personal digital assistant devices. The protocol utilises the low bandwidth, short battery power, quality of service and limited display facilities which are characteristic of current types of mobile device. This paper will examine the WAP architecture and the drivers and issues surrounding the development of services for this environment including the requirements for addressing, quality of service, security, billing, interoperability and performance engineering. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

CDMA2000移动台信令的软件实现

CDMA技术是第三代移动通信的主导技术,而CDMA移动台和基站之间的信令为它们的通信提供了控制作用。从CDMA2000分层结构引出信令可靠传输的各层,介绍了信令各层的传输机制,并提出运用实时多任务操作系统实现移动台信令软件的设计,从而为移动台的综合业务服务提供了软件的可行操作方法。     

Design and Analysis of a Compact UWB-MIMO Antenna with Improved Isolation for UWB/WLAN Applications

Near field communication, development in radio frequency detection has put its foot in today’s life of individuals through sophisticated mobile phones. NFC technology has become very popular due to its transparent and simple integration with a number of applications such as health care, consumer electronics, public transport payment methods, etc. A few new approaches have been attempted to make NFC progressively competent in routine day-to-day applications. This paper discusses the latest development in the use of NFC’s in a few implementations and the potential outcomes of the hustle-free implementation of these applications. A systematic analysis of recent research deployment in different areas of use has been clarified and explored.