创新性化学药品在中国的申报状况研究

通过对2005～2008年期间在我国申报的创新性化学药品的申请情况进行系统性分析,明确目前我国创新性药品研发和申报的现状。研究结果表明,创新性药品的申请数量近年来基本稳定,总体上国产申请和进口申请数量相近,申报的适应证领域比较集中,趋势与国际情况相似。     

2015年度国家自然科学基金食品科学学科项目申请和资助情况分析

本文介绍2015年度食品科学学科国家自然科学基金项目申请、受理和资助概况,从申请数量、依托单位及各分支学科申请情况等方面比较2014年度和2015年度食品学科面上项目、青年科学基金项目和地区科学基金项目等申请和资助的特点及变化,并对项目的评议结果和创新性等评价情况进行统计分析,同时简要讨论2015年度基金项目申请中存在的问题。     

2011年度食品科学学科国家自然科学基金项目申请和资助情况分析

本文分析了2011年度食品科学学科国家自然科学基金项目申请、评审和资助情况,从申请数量、申请单位情况、申请人年龄分布等方面比较了2010-2011年食品学科面上项目、青年基金和地区基金的变化情况,并对项目的创新性等评议情况进行了统计,同时简要的讨论了基金申请中存在的问题。这将有助于食品科学领域的管理人员和研究人员了解国内本学科的研究现状,把握食品科学的发展方向和趋势,旨在为2012年度食品学科基金项目的申请和评审提供参考。     

进口保健食品在我国注册备案情况及发展趋势

目的分析申请进口保健食品的"瓶颈"及原因,并提出进口保健食品未来的发展管理趋势。方法通过对我国上市的进口保健食品注册和备案产品总数、保健功能、原料及申请国家情况的统计分析,梳理进口保健食品注册备案法规,并对已获得注册和备案的进口保健食品建立数据库,通过excel软件进行描述性分类统计分析。结果根据进口注册的保健食品总量分析,2003年以前批准的产品占65%,2003年以后批准的产品占35%;注册产品保健功能以增强免疫力最多,其次为辅助降血脂,申报的保健功能涉及18个;申请备案的保健食品中保健功能以补充钙最多,其次是维生素D,申报的营养素涉及17个;进口保健食品注册和备案申请最多的是美国,涉及国家达到15个。结论面对巨大的国内消费市场,在我国获得注册批准证书和备案凭证的进口保健食品数量却不足一千个,远低于国外上市健康产品种类。这与我国对进口保健食品法规要求较严,国外保健食品类似产品管理不同等有关。作为进口到中国的保健食品,必须确保产品长期食用的安全性。未来随着保健食品原料目录的调整及法规完善,更多符合我国法律法规要求的进口保健食品将给国人带来更多的健康选择。     

我国乳制品发明专利分析

通过对我国乳制品发明专利的年度申请量、主要国家的专利申请量、申请人分布情况、专利技术领域分布进行统计分析得出,我国乳制品行业的专利申请数量呈现持续增长的态势,2005年以后,申请量快速增加;中国、日本、美国、瑞士、荷兰位列我国乳制品专利申请数量前五位;乳制品发明专利个人申请数量与企业和高校及科研单位的申请数量相差不大,但个人申请专利的科技含量明显低于单位的,国外绝大多数乳制品专利是由国际著名乳品企业申请;从专利申请的技术分布来看,我国乳制品行业研究大多集中在奶配制品,奶粉或奶粉的配制品(含有添加物)和代乳品技术方面。     

食药监总局公布第二批过度重复药品品种目录

为更好地引导药品合理申报、避免市场药品同水平重复、防止研发投入风险、促进药品产业健康发展,依据《中华人民共和国药品管理法》、《药品注册管理办法》等有关法律法规,国家食品药品监督管理总局对在国内已上市药品和正在申报注册的药品进行全面调查,现选出第二批过度重复的已上市药品品种27个、过度重复申报注册的药品品种17个,予以公布(见附件)。国家食品药品监督管理总局提醒相关企业和单位,应充分了解市场供需状况、评估药品研发风险、慎重进行投资经营     

我国南瓜相关发明专利的现状分析

采用文献计量的方法对1991-2008年在我国申请的南瓜发明专利进行统计,分析发明专利的数量、内容、授权量、年限分布和申请人地域分布,从而反映我国近十多年来对南瓜开发利用情况及知识产权状况。     

临时价格干预政策出台以来各地企业提价情况

截止1月26日,全国31个省、区、市均已正式出台了临时价格干预措施。2月份以来部分地方已陆续受理了一些企业提出的提价申报和调价备案申请。根据企业成本变动等情况。有些申请获得通过,有些被要求调低了涨价幅度,有些因理由不够充分没有通过。     

动态·检测

正2020年度国家市场监管重点实验室申报工作开始日前,市场监管总局办公厅发布组织开展2020年度国家市场监管重点实验室和技术创新中心申报工作的通知。本次申报的重点实验室应符合市场综合监管方向、三大安全方向和国家质量基础设施方向;技术创新中心申请领域为综合类和领域类。此外,申请对象还需符合一定的条件,如独立法人资格、学术     

保健食品

10月10日国家食品药品监督管理局开始受理保健食品申报审批工作 根据《国务院办公厅关于印发国家食品药品监督管理局主要职责内设机构和人员编制规定的通知》(国办发[2003]31号),卫生部原承担的保健食品审批职责划转国家食品药品监管局,并于2003年10月10日起开展保健食品申报受理审批工作。其中,凡卫生部已经正式受理但尚未完成审批工作的保健食品注册申请,国家食品药品监管局将按照原《卫生部健康相关产品审批工作程序》等有关规定和技术要求,在原有工作的基础上进行审批,符合要求的将核发保健食品批准证书和批件;由于省级药品监督管理部门机构改     

Study of the chemical composition,proteolysis, volatile compounds,and textural properties of industrial and traditional Beaten (Bieno sirenje) ewe milk cheese

The objective of this study was to determine the gross composition, proteolysis, and volatile and texture profiles during ripening of industrial (IND) and traditional (TRD) Beaten (Bieno sirenje) cheeses made by using ewe milk. In the course of the analyses, statistical differences were determined in some physicochemical parameters, nitrogen fractions, and total free amino acid levels between TRD and IND types of cheese. Higher levels of proteolysis were observed in IND cheeses than in TRD cheeses during ripening. Levels of residual β- and α_s-caseins were 72.2 and 48.7%, respectively, in 180-d-old TRD cheeses. However, the residual levels were 52.8% for β-casein and 18% for α_s-casein in IND cheeses. Similar differences were noted for the reversed-phase HPLC peptide profiles of 2 types of cheeses. Also, higher concentrations of peptides were eluted in IND cheeses than in TRD cheeses during ripening. A total of 73 volatile compounds, including alcohols (16), esters (17), acids (14), terpenes (7), ketones (5), aldehydes (4), and miscellaneous (10) were identified. The IND cheeses contained higher levels of carboxylic acids, esters, alcohols, and terpenes than the TRD cheeses; however, the same levels of methyl ketones were determined in the 2 types of cheeses at the end of ripening. These may be due to some differences (e.g., pasteurization and scalding temperature, among other factors) in the manufacture of the 2 types of Beaten cheeses. The textural profile of Beaten cheeses showed that TRD production method resulted in firmer, less fracturable, and stiffer cheeses than the IND production method. In conclusion, the results suggest that the use of industrial production method (pasteurization of cheese milk and curd scalding at 70°C) in the manufacture of Beaten ewe milk cheese enriched the volatile profile of the cheese.     

Change of natural antibody levels in patients with cardiovascular diseases by the use of anti-atherogenic diets with processed soy product foods

It was investigated the influence of a diet supplemented with soy oil and soy protein on dynamic of clinic manifestation and immune status patients with IND and HBP. The results of investigations indicated that a (?).     

The performance of organic and inorganic coated retort pouch materials on the shelf life of ready-to-eat rice products

The performance of organic and inorganic coated retort pouch materials on the shelf life of ready-to-eat (RTE) rice products was investigated. Two different retort pouch structures were used: the organic material coated retort pouch (ORG), organic material coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/biaxially oriented nylon (BON)/cast polypropylene (CPP); the inorganic material coated retort pouch (IND), aluminum oxide coated PET/BON/CPP. Two specific cooked rice products, plain and chicken-flavored cooked rice, were utilized for the comparison. For quantitative analysis, moisture content and lightness of the rice products were measured. The moisture content of both the plain and chicken-flavored rice packed in either pouch decreased slightly during the 12 week storage time after retort processing. However, there were no significant differences in quantitative analysis between the ORG and IND for both the plain and chicken-flavored cooked rice. A simple paired comparison test was used to evaluate the sensory characteristics of rice products. Overall, there were no significant sensory differences between the ORG and IND for both the plain and the chicken-flavored cooked rice. These results demonstrated that the newly developed ORG can be used as a retort pouch material for RTE rice products.     

Alpha‐Lipoic Acid Protects against Indomethacin‐Induced Gastric Oxidative Toxicity by Modulating Antioxidant System

Abstract: Gastroprotective effects of α‐lipoic acid (ALA) against oxidative gastric damage induced by indomethacin (IND) have been investigated. All doses (50, 75, 100, 150, 200, and 300 mg/kg body weight) of ALA reduced the ulcer index with 88.2% to 96.1% inhibition ratio. In biochemical analyses of stomach tissues, ALA administration decreased the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and catalase (CAT) in gastric tissues, which were increased after IND application. ALA also increased the level of glutathione (GSH) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S‐transferase (GST) that were decreased in gastric damaged stomach tissues. In conclusion, the gastroprotective effect of ALA could be attributed to its ameliorating effect on the antioxidant defense systems.     

Use of fish oil enriched with carotenoids isolated from sea cucumbers in the diet therapy of patients with hypertension and ischemic heart disease

Usage of antisclerotic diet with fish oil and carotinoides in patients with IND and high blood pressure resulted in positive dynamic of clinic manifestation, blood lipid, coagulogramms, antioxygen and immune status.     

Role of the COX-independent pathways in the ulcer-healing action of epigallocatechin gallate

The modulation of the cyclooxygenase-independent pathway by the green tea-derived polyphenol, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) during its healing action against indomethacin (IND)-induced stomach ulceration in mice was investigated. On the 3rd day of its administration, IND (18 mg kg(-1)) induced maximum stomach ulceration which was associated with increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (2.1-fold, p < 0.001), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression (2.5-fold, p < 0.001), along with augmented levels of serum nitrite (1.3-fold, p < 0.001), selectins and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), as well as reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression (53%, p < 0.001). Treatment with EGCG (2 mg kg(-1)) and omeprazole (3 mg kg(-1)) for 3 days reversed these parameters, and provided excellent (76-77%) ulcer healing.     

The effect of feeding system in the expression of genes related with fat metabolism in semitendinous muscle in sheep

The effect of feeding system on the expression of LPL, ACACA, FASN, FABP4, DGAT1, SCD, CPT1B, PRKAA2, LEP, SREBP1, PPARG, PPARA and CEBPB genes in semitendinous muscle was studied. Forty-four single born male lambs of the Rasa Aragonesa breed, allocated to four different dietary treatments, were used: grazing alfalfa, grazing alfalfa with supplement for lambs, indoor lambs with grazing ewes and drylot. Significant differences were found in the expression of genes LPL, ACACA, FASN, FABP4, CPT1B and SCD. Genes related to adipogenesis (LPL, ACACA, FASN, FABP4, and SCD) are up-regulated in the intensive groups. In grazing groups CPT1B gene expression, related to β-oxidation process, is up-regulated. The relative expression of CPT1B was 1.54 fold higher in ALF+S, and 0.43 and 0.37 fold lower in IND- GRE and IND, respectively. The results support the hypothesis that changes in fatty acid profile due to feeding system implicate changes in the mRNA expression level of genes related with fat metabolism. Feeding strategy is an important tool to manipulate intramuscular fatty acid profile in meat through altering gene expression of enzymes related with fat metabolism.     

Nanomaterials for products and application in agriculture,feed and food

BackgroundNanotechnology applications can be found in agricultural production, animal feed, food processing, food additives and food contact materials (hereinafter referred to as agri/feed/food). A great diversity of nanomaterials is reported to be currently used in various applications, while new nanomaterials and applications are reported to be in development.Scope and approachIt is expected that applications of nanomaterials in agri/feed/food will increase in the future and thereby increase the human and environmental exposure to such materials. To gain up-to-date knowledge we explored and reviewed the already marketed and in-development applications of nanomaterials in the agri/feed/food sectors upon the request of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). In this paper the results of the project are highlighted and discussed in more detail.Key findings and conclusionsThe majority of the applications of nanomaterials that we identified concerned application in food as food additives and food contact materials, while much fewer applications seem to be developed for agriculture and feed. Nano-encapsulates, silver, titanium dioxide and silica are the most often mentioned nanomaterials in the literature. About half of the identified applications are claimed to be already in use. In-development applications are found for nano-encapsulates and nano-composites in novel foods, food and feed additives, biocides, pesticides and food contact materials.