Isolation and Screening Bacterial Exopolysaccharide (EPS) from Potato Rhizosphere in Highland and the Potential as a Producer Indole Acetic Acid (IAA)

This study aimed to determine the ability of bacterial isolated from rhizosphere of potato plants in producing exopolysaccharide and growth stimulating substances such as Indole Acetic Acid (IAA).The soil samples were taken from three different land of slopes at elevation >1500 m above sea level at Malino,South Sulawesi. However, only 34 isolates formed a thick slime or mucoid when cultured onMacConcey medium.The ability of exopolysaccharide isolated bacterial in producing IAA was assayed in the presence of L-Tryptofan asa precursor.The result revealed that these 34 isolates were be able to produce IAA in range of 0.40 to 21.14 mg/L An isolate coded P2.67 was the most potential bacterium to produce IAA (21.14 ppm) followed by P2.56 (17.36 ppm), P3.42 (12.21 ppm), and P3.70 (9.21 ppm).     

卷边桩菇内生真菌天然红色素的分离鉴定

植物内生菌能够产生与宿主相同或相似的生物活性物质,因此药用植物内生菌产色素具有广阔的药用价值和研究前景.该研究以产红色素卷边桩菇[Paxillus involutus(Batsch Fr)]内生真菌为研究对象,通过形态学特征及基因序列对其进行菌种鉴定,并应用气相色谱对卷边桩菇内生真菌红色素的脂肪酸组成进行初步分析.结果...     

气相色谱–质谱联用法测定香米中添加的5,6,7,8-四氢喹喔啉（网络首发、推荐阅读）

建立气相色谱–质谱联用法（gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS）分离和测定香米中添加的5,6,7,8-四氢喹喔啉的方法。试样干燥后以无水乙醚为提取剂进行索氏提取,提取液经无水硫酸钠脱水、氮吹浓缩、无水乙醇溶解,提取物经HP-INNOWAX柱分离后进入质谱仪检测,外标法定量。该方法在5,6,7,8-四氢喹喔啉浓度0.5~10.0 mg/L的范围内具有良好的线性关系（R=0.999 4）,方法的精密度良好RSD为4.77%,加标回收率为81.00%~93.70%,方法的检出限（RSN=3）为0.05 mg/L。结果表明气相色谱质谱联用方法可用于香米的快速定性测定及真伪鉴别。     

Screening of Fungal Rot Isolates from Cocoa as Phosphate-Dissolving and their Growth Ability on Three Types of Media

This paper discuss about the potential of fungal rot isolates as phosphate-dissolving fungi and their vegetative growth ability on three solid media. All fungal rot isolates were collected from decayed cocoa plants in Bila Village, Pitu Riase, Sidrap District, South Sulawesi. The potential to dissolve phosphate was examined on Pikovskaya broth media and measured using spectrophotometer. The Vegetative ability to grow on solid media was tested on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), Malt Pepton Agar (MPA), and Malt Extract Agar (MEA). The results showed that the highest quantitative ability to dissolve phosphate was observed on fungal rot isolate BPB, followed by JT, BPG, and BPE1 isolates. MPA medium supported the best mycelial growth compared with others media.     

沙米麸皮和外胚乳分离蛋白的理化及功能性质

利用碱提-等电点沉淀技术分别从沙米麸皮和去皮沙米中提取出沙米麸皮分离蛋白(B-pro)和外胚乳分离蛋白(S-pro),研究这两种蛋白的理化及功能性质。结果表明,沙米麸皮中蛋白以球蛋白为主,而去皮沙米中以清蛋白为主。B-pro和S-pro纯度分别为94.33%、91.80%(m_d),S-pro颜色更白。两种蛋白均含有丰富的必需氨基酸,且S-pro中Lys含量较高。B-pro和S-pro的功能性质随pH值的变化均符合植物蛋白的一般规律,总体而言,不同pH值条件下S-pro的功能性均优于B-pro。与大豆分离蛋白和鸡蛋蛋白相比,B-pro和S-pro的持油能力及发泡性较好,而溶解性、持水力及乳化性较弱。     

热变性大米蛋白的结构和性质研究Ⅰ米蛋白加热前后的溶解特性和氨基酸变化

为探讨热变性米蛋白的性质与结构关系,分析了大米蛋白加热前后的溶解性能和氨基酸组成变化。结果表明,米渣中各种蛋白质的含量大大低于未受高温处理的原料大米;米渣蛋白中胱氨酸含量比大米谷蛋白提高83%,说明大米醇溶蛋白、球蛋白和清蛋白等受热后也存在于米渣中;米渣谷蛋白胱氨酸含量比米渣蛋白降低23%,说明胱氨酸是影响米渣蛋白溶解的重要因素。     

油脂煎炸过程中多环芳烃含量的变化

对大豆油、米糠油和棕榈油进行油条煎炸试验,之后对不同煎炸时间油脂中多环芳烃含量进行检测分析,研究煎炸时间对油脂中多环芳烃含量的影响。结果表明:随着煎炸时间的延长,3种油脂中Bap、PAH4、PAH16的含量都呈现明显上升趋势。在32 h的煎炸过程中,大豆油Bap、PAH4、PAH16的含量(μg/kg)分别从原油的1.58、6.88、18.73增加至3.93、10.35;56.10,米糠油Bap、PAH4、PAH16的含量分别从原油的2.52、6.50、25.53增加至3.10、10.34、100.71;棕榈油Bap、PAH4、PAH16的含量分别从原油的1.67、8.60、25.23增加至2.26、10.95、59.98。在高温煎炸过程中,多环芳烃各组分含量的增幅是不同的。大豆油中增幅最大的组分是苊,增幅最小的是苯并(b)荧蒽;米糠油中增幅最大的也是苊,增幅最小的是苯并(g,h,i)苝;棕榈油中增幅最大的是芴,增幅最小的是苯并(a)蒽;3种油脂中轻质多环芳烃含量及增幅都要远多于重质多环芳烃。     

酸性蛋白酶在机制粳米黄酒中的应用

酸性蛋白酶在粳米黄酒酿造中可为酵母菌的生长繁殖提供氮源,促进酵母菌的快速繁殖,提高发酵过程的稳定性和能力;分解原料中的蛋白质物质,促进对原料淀粉的利用,提高原料的出酒率;可有效解决机制粳米黄酒过程普遍存在的低氨基酸态氮、低非糖固形物的问题;酸性蛋白酶在发酵酒醅中的澄清作用,为黄酒成品解决非生物浑浊提供了方法.(孙悟)     

大米浓缩蛋白脱酰胺研究(I) 酸法脱酰胺与酶法脱酰胺工艺比较与参数优化

通过测定大米浓缩蛋白的脱酰胺度与水解度,比较了酸法与酶法两种脱酰胺工艺对大米浓缩蛋白脱酰胺作用的优劣,并对酸法脱酰胺工艺的参数进行优化。实验表明酸法脱酰胺优于酶法脱酰胺。温度是影响大米浓缩蛋白脱酰胺作用最重要的因素,在本试验条件范围内,酸法脱酰胺度最高且水解度最低时的工艺条件组合为盐酸浓度0.2N,大米蛋白含量5%,反应时间4h,反应温度85℃。     

大米浓缩蛋白脱酰胺研究(Ⅰ)酸法脱酰胺与酶法脱酰胺工艺比较与参数优化

通过测定大米浓缩蛋白的脱酰胺度与水解度，比较了酸法与酶法两种脱酰胺工艺对大米浓缩蛋白脱酰胺作用的优劣，并对酸法脱酰胺工艺的参数进行优化。实验表明酸法脱酰胺优于酶法脱酰胺。温度是影响大米浓缩蛋白脱酰胺作用最重要的因素，在本试验条件范围内，酸法脱酰胺度最高且水解度最低时的工艺条件组合为盐酸浓度0．2N，大米蛋白含量5％，反应时间4h，反应温度85℃。     

食品用活性炭去除茶油中PAHs的研究

高温及浸出工艺制备的茶油中不同程度地存在着以苯并[a]芘(B[a]P)为代表的多环芳烃(PAHs)。为筛选出能较好吸附去除茶油中PAHs的吸附剂,选择几种不同结构特性的食品用活性炭进行吸附去除研究。结果表明,总孔容积较大、平均孔径较低、微孔比例较高的ACN活性炭具有较高的吸附PAHs能力,吸附容量达18.64μg/g,去除率可达92.0%,但作为PAHs吸附剂的活性炭吸附后无再生利用价值。     

Aflatoxin (B1, B2, G1, and G2) Contamination in Rice of Mexico and Spain,from Local Sources or Imported

Rice is an important cereal but it is often contaminated with aflatoxins (AFs). The purpose of this study was to identify and quantify AF (B₁, B₂, G₁, and G₂) in 67 rice samples cultivated in Mexico and Spain, and from imported crops collected in 2008 and 2009. The methodology was validated, the rice samples were concentrated and purified with immunoaffinity columns and were quantified by high‐pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The average total AF (AFt) in the Spanish rice was 37.3 μg/kg, the range was from 1.6 to 1383 μg/kg, the most contaminated samples being from San Juan de Aznalfarache, Sevilla (AFt = 138.6 μg/kg), from Tortosa, Tarragona (AFt = 104.6 μg/kg), and Calasparra, Murcia (AFt = 103.9 μg/kg). The rice imported from France to Spain had AFt of 26.6 μg/kg and from Pakistan AFt of 18.4 μg/kg, showing less AF contamination than the local one. The rice which originated from Mexico contained (AFt = 16.9 μg/kg), and those imported from the United States (AFt = 14.4 μg/kg) and Uruguay (AFt = 15.6 μg/kg). The imported rice had better quality in terms of the presence of AFs.     

黄酒发酵液中产生物胺乳酸菌的分离鉴定与评价

从黄酒发酵液中分离得到6株乳酸菌,16S rDNA序列分析和生理生化鉴定结果表明:菌株R1、R4、R5、R8、R20为Lactobacillus rossiae,菌株R2为Lactobacillus casei。采用平板检测法对6株乳酸菌产生物胺能力进行了评价,结果显示只有乳酸菌R1具有产生物胺的能力。利用HPLC检测对平板检测结果进行了验证,结果表明乳酸菌R1能产598.61 mg/L的腐胺,其他菌株不具有产生物胺的能力。平板检测与HPLC检测结果相一致,表明平板检测可作为一种有效、操作简单、费用低的定性评价乳酸菌产生物胺能力的手段。     

籼米中淀粉粒结合蛋白的分离鉴定及提取工艺优化

采用十二烷基硫酸钠（sodium dodecyl sulfate,SDS）缓冲体系分离提取碱洗籼米粉中的淀粉粒结合蛋白（starch granule-associated proteins,SGAPs）,经高效液相色谱-串联质谱法鉴定表明：碱洗得到上、中、下层籼米淀粉中的SGAPs均主要为淀粉合成酶I（granule-bound starch synthase I,GBSS I）,其他组分略有差别;其中以中层SGAPs含量最高,GBSS I达99.8%,谷蛋白质量分数仅为0.11%。采用响应面优化中层淀粉SGAPs的提取参数,得到最优条件为SDS添加量10.90%、煮沸时间4.10?min、MgSO4浓度0.90?mmol/L,此时SGAPs提取量为（1?028.61±0.05）μg/g。     

从蒸馏废液中制造高香气米烧酒(2)

0　前言使用多拷贝糖化酶和耐酸性α -淀粉酶基因的工程菌ＴＲ12菌株 ,烧酒制造中的蒸馏废液可不经排放重复地被利用而制得优质米烧酒 ,但使用常规白曲酶菌 (ＡｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｌｕｓＫａｗａｃｈｉｉ)却未见到同样效果。在蒸馏废液中补充与使用工程菌ＴＲ12菌株时相当量的糖化酶制剂 ,也未能获得更好的收率和取得更好品质的烧酒。在通过对米曲、蒸馏废液以及多种市售酶的比较分析后 ,选取了低酸性蛋白酶含量的一组糖化酶制剂作为添加物 ,进行了实验室规模米烧酒发酵的废液重复利用试验。结果发现 ,蒸馏废液经两次的循环利用 ,在半固体状态的…     

基于PKS Ⅰ基因海芦笋内生真菌及其次级代谢产物筛选鉴定

一般研究内生真菌的方法都无法预测内生真菌次级代谢产物的类型,本实验以Ⅰ型聚酮合成酶（polyketide synthase,PKS）基因为探针,野生海芦笋（Salicornia bigelovii Torr.）为原料,筛选出菌株Salicorn 3,并对其发酵产物中的化合物进行分离鉴定。结果表明：经过ITS1-5.8S-ITS4 rDNA同源序列鉴定的菌株Salicorn 3为圆弧青霉（Penicillium cyclopium）,通过系统发育树分析并结合文献数据比较,表明该菌株具有产生聚酮类化合物的潜力。通过常压硅胶柱层析和Sephadex LH-20柱层析从其发酵产物中分离得到两个单体化合物,采用核磁共振和电喷雾质谱鉴定其化学结构分别为二酮哌嗪生物碱和脑苷脂C。     

Qualitative and Quantitative Prediction of Volatile Compounds from Initial Amino Acid Profiles in Korean Rice Wine (makgeolli) Model

In Korean rice wine (makgeolli) model, we tried to develop a prediction model capable of eliciting a quantitative relationship between initial amino acids in makgeolli mash and major aromatic compounds, such as fusel alcohols, their acetate esters, and ethyl esters of fatty acids, in makgeolli brewed. Mass‐spectrometry‐based electronic nose (MS‐EN) was used to qualitatively discriminate between makgeollis made from makgeolli mashes with different amino acid compositions. Following this measurement, headspace solid‐phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) combined with partial least‐squares regression (PLSR) method was employed to quantitatively correlate amino acid composition of makgeolli mash with major aromatic compounds evolved during makgeolli fermentation. In qualitative prediction with MS‐EN analysis, the makgeollis were well discriminated according to the volatile compounds derived from amino acids of makgeolli mash. Twenty‐seven ion fragments with mass‐to‐charge ratio (m/z) of 55 to 98 amu were responsible for the discrimination. In GC‐MS combined with PLSR method, a quantitative approach between the initial amino acids of makgeolli mash and the fusel compounds of makgeolli demonstrated that coefficient of determination (R²) of most of the fusel compounds ranged from 0.77 to 0.94 in good correlation, except for 2‐phenylethanol (R² = 0.21), whereas R² for ethyl esters of MCFAs including ethyl caproate, ethyl caprylate, and ethyl caprate was 0.17 to 0.40 in poor correlation.     

多中心治理视角下地方政府合作机制--以“中国白酒金三角”为例

在我国区域合作中,地方政府之间合作至关重要。根据奥斯特罗姆提出的多中心治理理论,建立由地方政府牵头、具有产业发展的基础和必要条件、多种利益相关者共同参与的合作机制,有利于区域的协同发展。为了探索以特殊产业为基础的区域合作规律和打造区域发展核心竞争力,课题组以“中国白酒金三角”地区白酒产业合作为例,试图构建涉及3个地区的地方政府、区域内不同产业、白酒产业以及不同规模的白酒企业等多层次、多类型的地方政府合作机制。