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行波超声电机是新型电机,利用能量转换摩擦传递超声波振动,产生动力,其结构简单、性能优越和发展迅速。旋转型适合在医疗、航空航天等精密领域中使用。本文介绍了超声电机的工作原理和分类等,着重分析了不同温度下对电机工作频率、机械特性和摩擦材料等的变化情况。旋转型行波超声电机的性能随温度的升高呈下降趋势。 相似文献
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将行波型旋转超声电机的定子环形体等效为压电复合梁模型,考虑温度分别对压电材料和定子金属基体的影响,引入温度影响系数得到温度对超声电机共振频率影响的数学模型,通过对模型进行计算机仿真,分析了电机共振频率随温度的变化。建立了超声电机在低温下的试验测试系统,测试了低温环境下电机的机械特性,以及摩擦材料对电机转速稳定性的影响。对比常温和低温下摩擦材料表面的形貌显示,低温对磨擦界面的影响较小。总之,目前研制的行波型旋转超声电机在低温下的性能有所下降,在超低温环境中性能变化则较大。 相似文献
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为提高行波型旋转超声电机(TRUM)的摩擦界面性能,制备了一种交联超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMW-PE)复合材料.采用UHMW-PE树脂添加甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯(MAAAE)交联敏化剂、碳纤维和碳纳米管等增强剂以及MoS2和石墨等材料熔融共混后,在室温和N2气氛条件下用Co60γ辐射源辐照得到交联UHMW-PE复合材料.凝胶含... 相似文献
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超声电机作为一种新型电机,独特的性能使其在如太空探索、精密仪器等一些特殊领域有着广阔的应用前景。然而,超声电机的强机电耦合非线性特性使其在工作过程中往往会产生频率漂移、跳跃等非线性现象,从而影响电机工作的稳定性。用四阶Runge-Kutta法、Lyapunov指数、Poincaré截面等方法获得了旋转行波超声电机定子在单相激励下的非线性振动响应特性,研究了定子振动响应的Hopf分岔以及由Hopf分岔通向周期解的变化过程,该结果对进一步改善行波型超声电机输出特性的研究具有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
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研究了冲击产生的高过载对旋转型行波超声电机结构和性能的影响机理和规律。首先,结合旋转型行波超声电机的工作机理和结构形式,建立了该型超声电机在冲击载荷下的有限元模型,利用显式算法模拟其在冲击过载环境中的暂态过程,分析电机的定、转子及压电元件等部件的应力和应变分布规律,研究和评估了目前超声电机结构对瞬时超大过载的耐受情况;其次,设计了特定夹持装置,对旋转型行波超声电机的耐过载特性进行了马歇特锤击实验,实验结果很好地印证了理论分析结果;最后,综合理论和实验结果评定了当前典型的旋转行波超声电机结构在特殊使用环境中的耐过载能力及易损伤部件。实验结果表明,紧凑和简单的结构特点使得超声电机本身具有较好的适应大过载环境的工作能力,在直接承8千个重力加速度冲击过载后仍能维持一定的输出特性。 相似文献
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一种新型杆式行波型超声电机的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以提高新型杆式超声电机转速、负载能力和能量转换效率为目标 ,对电机定子、转子的结构和接触模型进行了研究。以有限元分析计算为基础提出了新的电机定子结构 ,使定子在定子、转子接触面处的振幅加大 ;提出并应用了柔性转子的概念 ,使定子、转子在接触面上的径向相对滑动大为减小。用实验方法对电机机械性能进行了测试和分析 ,得出电机定子 (兰杰文振子 )的预压力以 2 0 0 0N左右为佳 ,定、转子间最佳的预压力 35N。实测工作频率为 38.7kHz时 ,无负载转速为 2 2 5r/min ,堵转力矩为 4 2N·m ,达到了设计要求 相似文献
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对圆柱体弯曲型行波超声电机进行了研究。该电机利用圆柱体的两个正交的一阶自由-自由弯曲模态进行工作。首先介绍了这种电机的工作原理;提出了控制电机定子弯曲共振频率的方法;对压电元件位置安排进行了定子的响应分析,成功地设计和制造了原型样机。还对定子进行了激光散斑测振实验,得到了它的一阶振型图。 相似文献
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Based on the principle of alternative operation of two bending vibration modes in an annular stator, this paper presents a
standing-wave stepping ultrasonic motor characterized by no accumulative errors driven by an open-loop control circuitry.
The driving forces are generated from the motions of projections on the stator in two modes. The positioning of the motor
is achieved by the cooperation between the stator projections and rotor teeth, and the number of the rotors determines the
stepping angle of the motor. Two-phase sinusoidal signals corresponding to the two modal frequencies drive the motor bi-direction
stepping rotation via a switch unit. The prototype runs steadily without miss-step on trial. The single-step angle displacement
of the motor is 2.5°.
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Translated from Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006, 38(5): 600–604 [译自: 南京航空航天大学学报] 相似文献
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行波磁场的产生、泵体结构的设计、磁性流体的动力学特性是磁性流体行波泵研究的关键技术。本文根据行波磁场产生的形式设计了直线型磁性流体行波泵,采用解耦计算分析和求解了磁性流体内行波磁场和力场的耦合问题,通过仿真和实验研究验证了设计的合理性和可行性。结果表明,行波磁场作用下的磁性流体流量与磁场的强度有直接关系:在磁性流体行波泵结构和磁性流体饱和磁化强度相同的条件下,磁场强度越强,其流量越大;当磁场强度从25 900 A/m增加到40 000 A/m时,单位时间内从行波泵内流出的磁性流体的体积由1.9 ml增加到3.1 ml;随着磁场强度的不断增加,磁性流体流量的变化率由于磁场对其粘度的影响而减小;而磁性流体的饱和磁化强度越大,其流量也越大。 相似文献
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A simple control strategy with acceptable control performance can be a good choice for the mass production of ultrasonic motor control system. In this paper, through the theoretic and experimental analyses of typical control process, a simpler intelligent PID speed control strategy of TWUM is proposed, involving only two expert rules to adjust the PID control parameters based on the current status. Compared with the traditional PID controller, this design requires less calculation and more cheap chips which can be easily involved in online performance. Experiments with different load torques and voltage amplitudes show that the proposed controller can deal with the nonlinearity and load disturbance to maintain good control performance of TWUM. 相似文献
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实验分析了硬脆材料旋转超声磨削过程中刀具结合剂类型对加工性能的影响以便提高加工精度和加工表面的完整性.首先,采用能谱分析研究了铁基、陶瓷基和青铜基3种超声振动刀具中结合剂与金刚石颗粒的把持形式,并根据相同加工工艺条件下刀具磨损形式确定了把持力大小.然后,结合超声振动刀具特性,通过旋转超声磨削加工实验研究刀具结合剂类型与切削力、刀具磨损量、加工表面完整性的关系,并对实验结果进行了分析.实验结果表明:相对于陶瓷基和青铜基结合剂超声振动刀具,铁基结合剂超声振动刀具把持力最大,Z轴切削力平均值最小(为46.8 N);加工18 000 mm3材料后,刀具轴向磨损量最小(为0.1 mm);而陶瓷基结合剂超声振动刀具加工表面质量最好,表面粗糙度最大值为21.79 μm.结果证实铁基超声振动刀具适用于粗加工,陶瓷基超声振动刀具则适用于精加工. 相似文献
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基于双端测距方法的行波测距装置对时间同步性能提出了很高的要求,研究高精度的时间同步技术是行波测距装置应用的切实需求。该文从GPS信号的授时精度、高精度恒温晶振修正特性、守时及对时算法逻辑等方面进行深入分析,结合行波测距装置的应用需求,探讨了基于GPS和恒温晶振的高精度时间同步技术的设计方法。在此基础上,提出了采用FPGA实现逻辑设计的工程设计方案,通过型式试验和装置现场实际运行表明,该技术满足了行波测距装置对时间同步的要求。 相似文献
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Principle and experimental verification of novel dual driving face rotary ultrasonic motor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Existing rotary ultrasonic motors operating in extreme environments cannot meet the requirements of good environmental adaptability and compact structure at same time,and existing ultrasonic motors with Langevin transducers show better environmental adaptability,but size of these motors are usually big due to the radial arrangement of the Langevin transducers.A novel dual driving face rotary ultrasonic motor is proposed,and its working principle is experimentally verified.The working principle of the novel ultrasonic motor is firstly proposed.The 5th in-plane flexural vibration travelling wave,excited by the Langevin transducers around the stator ring,is used to drive the rotors.Then the finite element method is used in the determination of dimensions of the prototype motor,and the confirmation of its working principle.After that,a laser Doppler vibrometer system is used for measuring the resonance frequency and vibration amplitude of the stator.At last,output characteristics of the prototype motor are measured,environmental adaptability is tested and performance for driving a metal ball is also investigated.At room temperature and 200 V(zero to peak) driving voltage,the motor’s no-load speed is 80 r/min,the stalling torque is 0.35 N·m and the maximum output power is 0.85 W.The response time of this motor is 0.96 ms at the room temperature,and it decreases or increases little in cold environment.A metal ball driven by the motor can rotate at 210 r/min with the driving voltage 300 V(zero to peak).Results indicate that the prototype motor has a large output torque and good environmental adaptability.A rotary ultrasonic motor owning compact structure and good environmental adaptability is proposed,and lays the foundations of ultrasonic motors’ applications in extreme environments. 相似文献
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Ultrasonic vibration is assumed to be stable or unchangeable during the process of rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM) on brittle materials, neglecting the effects of different processing parameters. However, no experimental evidence has been reported to validate this assumption. In this study, the effect of thermomechanical load on the stability of ultrasonic amplitude during RUM was investigated by theoretical analysis and experimental procedures on quartz glass and sapphire. It was shown that the instability of ultrasonic amplitude during the machining process is mainly attributed to variation of resonant frequency under the implementation of thermomechanical load. The thermal effects of ultrasonic vibration decrease the resonant frequency of the ultrasonic machine, while mechanical loading during the machining process increases the resonant frequency. Furthermore, a higher feed rate or a harder material leads to a higher resonant frequency change. The variation of ultrasonic power can be used to review the validity of difference-neglected assumption when different values of processing variables, materials, or even machine tools are used during modeling. The results of this study should be well considered for future references when designing an ultrasonic machine. 相似文献