建筑协同设计中冲突模型的研究

在分析了建筑设计的特点和建筑设计冲突产生原因的基础上,提出利用设计结构矩阵(DSM,Design Structure Matrix)建立建筑协同设计中的信息冲突模型。通过分解设计结构矩阵进行冲突检测,对循环迭代任务集进行设计任务之间信息依赖强度值的分析和排序,使冲突在一定程度上得以消解,从而指导建筑设计过程中子任务的重组,规划建筑设计顺序,对建筑设计过程中多学科的协调工作进行最优化处理。     

机电产品模块划分与综合评价集成设计方法

目的 为了满足机电产品日益多样化、个性化的市场需求,提高产品模块划分的稳定性与模块化方案评价的可靠性,提出产品模块划分与评价集成方法。方法 对产品的功能结构进行分析,构建产品的量化信息模型,合理分配各量化指标的权重,构建描述组件间关系的综合矩阵。采用基于原子理论的聚类算法进行模块划分,通过改变模块粒度,稳定地得出产品模块划分的多个可行方案。通过考虑产品的模块化程度和基于信息熵的模块复杂度,构建模块化方案的综合评价模型,以确定最优的模块划分结果。结论 采用模块划分与综合评价集成设计方法对某小型雕刻机进行模块化设计,并通过对比原子聚类算法与其他模块划分方法所得的模块化结果,验证了所提出设计方法的可行性和高效性。     

面向产品族的模块化设计方法研究

为使模块化设计中模块之间的功能独立,在基于功能相关与结构相关的模块划分准则的基础上进行模糊聚类,通过设定阀值确定模块划分结果,并在此基础上对划分的模块进行变型设计,组成产品族,为客户的个性化需求提供产品设计方法．     

面向固定条盒自动装填设备协同设计的任务规划研究

目的 解决固定条盒自动装填设备的复杂机械设计中，多人协同设计的作业效率问题。方法 采用基于模糊设计结构矩阵(FDSM)的任务规划方法进行任务规划，根据机械设计关联尺度将整体设计任务进行分解，将各设计任务间的耦合关系度量化并构建模糊设计结构矩阵，经过行列变换和分区算法解耦，得出规划后的协同设计任务顺序和分配。结果 通过G–value值验证，优化前后矩阵紧密性程度降低了24.95%了，有效降低了多人协同的相互制约。结论 基于模糊设计结构矩阵(FDSM)的任务规划方法能有效提高固定条盒自动装填设备多人协同设计的工作效率。     

设计结构矩阵在复杂产品协同设计过程的应用

将矩阵方法应用到复杂产品的开发过程中，用DSM（设计结构矩阵）量化表达复杂产品的设计流程，并通过DSM的分析与重构进行复杂产品的协同设计规划，以缩短产品设计周期，降低开发成本。     

基于Matrix 2003与效应的产品工业设计创新方法研究

产品创新直接关系到产品自身在市场的竞争力.当前工业设计产品创新缺乏一些具体的理论支撑,因此需要将其他领域的理论融入工业设计当中能够有效提高新产品设计的效率.为提高工业设计中的创新效率,介绍了一种将工业设计理论与Matrix 2003结合的创新原理,总结了六大设计要素,并利用这些设计元素将创新原理按照"时间-空间-交互"三大维度进行划分,形成一种独特的创新矩阵,以最终理想产品所达到的效应为目标进行求解,从而为工业设计产品的创新提供了一种快捷有效的方法流程.最后以快递车车厢的改进为工程实例进一步验证方法的有效性和实用性.     

机械模块化设计的应用优势分析

模块化设计是运用模块化产品的设计方法,去快速地满足日益增长的多品种、多规格产品的要求,发展多型产品。模块化设计的核心思想是将产品进行模块划分后,通过对某些模块进行重新设计或变异设计得到新的产品,以满足客户对产品个性化的需求,随着产品个性化和大规模定制的兴起．模块化设计已成为关键使能技术,越来越受到青睐。     

基于时序关系的装备产品造型设计识别要素研究

目的研究面向时序关系的装备产品造型设计识别要素。方法从产品识别的基础理论研究出发,采用造型Metaphor的方法并结合Sato提出的DIS(Design Information Structure),对装备产品时序性识别要素进行获取与表达,并分析了时序性产品识别要素类型与适应性,以及基于时序关系的产品识别要素的关键特征演变。结论提出了基于时序性产品识别要素的设计创新方法,研究最终通过项目组承担的中联重科汽车起重机设计项目,对设计创新方法进行了验证。     

基于产品设计系统思维的家电产品模块化设计

目的探索基于产品设计系统思维的家电产品模块化设计思路。方法模块划分是产品模块化设计的基础与关键,可看作是基于需求层、功能层、结构层的过程而进行,该过程注重对产品功能属性的塑造而缺乏审美精神属性的把握。基于产品设计系统思维,结合多种形式及放置方式的移动插线板模块化设计实例,将产品设计系统之设计要素映射于模块划分的不同层次,从设计系统的角度对家电产品模块划分进程给予指引与限定,使设计结果兼具人文精神内涵。结论从设计系统角度进行家电产品模块化设计,其设计结果兼具了产品的功能与精神双重属性,既发挥了模块化的自身优势,又补充了模块化设计在人文精神表达上的缺憾。     

面向产品可持续设计的模块化划分方法

目的为了实现可持续产品的快速开发,提出面向产品可持续设计的模块划分方法。方法基于功能流模型进行产品的功能分解并建立产品的功能结构,依据功能流的形式和关系实现产品功能模块的定性划分,在此基础上,基于参数流的相关性判断应用聚类分析实现模块的定量划分。将可持续性设计原则与产品生命周期特征集成,并基于设计结构矩阵的零件相关度进行面向可持续性设计的模块划分。综合2种模块划分结果,并从可持续性设计角度进行模块的合并、更替及再划分,获得最优模块划分方案。结果依据方法得到的产品模块在满足功能基础上具有可持续性,实现了对产品的可持续设计。结论该方法集成功能与全生命周期实现了产品基于可持续性的模块划分。     

A fuzzy approach for sequencing interrelated activities in a DSM

Production and manufacturing systems often involve a myriad of interrelated activities. How these activities are organised and scheduled has a significant effect on the success of a system. Recently, the Design Structure Matrix (DSM) has been regarded as an effective tool for modelling and scheduling interrelated activities. Based on fuzzy set theory, this study explicitly addresses the uncertain activity dependencies in our formulation and develops a mathematical model for sequencing interrelated activities in a DSM. Because of the complexity of the model, a new approach, which embeds an exact algorithm within a framework of a local search heuristic, is presented for solving large problem instances. Testing results demonstrate that relatively good solutions can be easily obtained by our approach, thereby providing managers with an effective tool for scheduling a large number of interrelated activities with uncertain dependencies.     

复杂产品开发项目系统化管理方法

为了克服传统的产品工程设计过程与项目开发过程相分割对产品项目开发整体绩效的不良影响,本文提出了一种复杂产品开发项目系统化管理方法。首先,产品工程设计过程用设计结构矩阵来描述并从改善信息流的角度对设计结构矩阵予以优化从而识别出具有迭代关系的活动。具有迭代关系的活动或通过解开迭代关系而变为串行或并行的活动或通过强化其迭代关系而组合成一个单一的活动。基于设计结构矩阵的优化结果是一组数量不多的设计结构矩阵。针对每一个设计结构矩阵构造相应的CPM网络图并计算相应的关键路径以及识别关键活动。然后,通过传统的“赶工计算”或增加关键路径上串行活动的并行度来识别可行的优化项目实施方案。最后,案例分析证明了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

Projects with sequential iteration: Models and complexity

Many New Product Development (NPD) projects are inherently complex, making effective management of the tasks, resources, and teams necessary to bring new products to market problematic. Frequently, managers of NPD projects are overwhelmed by complicating factors such as stochastic task times, ill-defined specifications, complex interrelationships between tasks, and information dependencies. Recently, an alternative project management tool called the Design Structure Matrix (DSM) that explicitly takes into account the iterative nature of NPD projects has been proposed. In this paper, we first introduce a mixed-integer linear programming formulation for the numerical DSM. Then, we analyze the numerical DSM and establish the complexity of this class of problems. Finally, numerical analysis of the DSM problem and heuristic approaches is presented that shows that relatively good solutions can be easily obtained, thereby offering managers an efficient alternative solution approach to the original DSM problem.     

Managing Coordination Complexity in the Remanufacturing of Aircraft Engines

The complexity of communication and coordination stemming from teams responsible for adjusting interdependent parameters of components is a fundamental feature in the aircraft engine remanufacturing engineering project. To manage coordination complexity, the features of the remanufacturing process of aircraft engine are analyzed and a systematic method is presented to measure and optimize the dependency between coupled components. Furthermore, quantitative models are built based on Design Structure Matrix (DSM) models to measure dependency strengths related to the parameter features of the components. Also, a two-stage DSM clustering criteria is used to reduce the complexity of an organization. An industrial example is provided to illustrate the proposed models. The results showed that the proposed approach can reduce total coordination complexity.     

协同设计中基于DSM过程重构的研究

将设计结构矩阵方法应用到复杂产品的协同设计开发过程中，通过分析设计行为之间的信息交互获得DSM的量化表达，利用图论中的强连通分支问题算法识别耦合活动集，并在此基础上根据DSM重构原则对DSM进行模块化的过程重构，同时对块内设计任务进行聚类、撕裂，获得协同设计开发过程中的优化重组，为复杂产品的设计开发提供了有效的解决方法，并通过实例说明了该方法的实用性。     

Module partition for 3D CAD assembly models: a hierarchical clustering method based on component dependencies

Reusing previous CAD assembly models directly in new product development is almost impossible in One-of-a-Kind Production (OKP) in which customer requirements vary from one to another. As such, modularisation of CAD assembly models is required to facilitate modular design for OKP. However, to the authors’ best knowledge, there has been no research carried out on modularisation of CAD assembly models so far. To bridge this gap and make the best use of existing CAD models, this paper proposes a novel module partition approach, to group existing CAD assembly models into modules based on component dependencies. In this approach, an extraction algorithm was developed to extract assembly information from a given assembly model directly, by using automated programmable interfaces of CAD software tools. The extracted information is processed to generate the component design structure matrix (DSM) representing hierarchical relations and dependency strengths between components. Four popular hierarchical clustering methods were used to work with the component DSM to produce results of module partition. A case study was carried out to illustrate the proposed methods and demonstrate their feasibility. It enables OKP companies to respond rapidly to changing customer requirements and develop customised products in a short period.     

Boundary element analysis of structures with bridged interfacial cracks

The direct boundary integral equations method has been applied to analyze stresses in a fracture process zone (a crack bridged zone) and to calculate stress intensity factors module for structures with bridged interfacial cracks under mechanical loading. Bridged zones at interfacial cracks are considered as parts of these cracks with assumption that surfaces of interfacial cracks are connected by distributed spring-like bonds with given bond deformation law. For numerical analysis of piecewise structures with bridged interfacial cracks the multi-domain formulation of the boundary elements method is used. The stress intensity factors module evaluation is performed on the basis of displacements and stresses computed at nodal points of special quadratic boundary elements adjoined to a crack tip. The comparative study between the results obtained by the boundary elements method and the results obtained previously by the singular integral–differential equations method is performed and the validity of the presented numerical formulation is demonstrated. The new problem for a bridged circumferential crack between a cylindrical inclusion and a matrix in plate of finite size is also solved. Stresses distributions along the bridged zone and the stress intensity factors modulus dependencies versus the bridged zone length and bonds stiffness are presented and discussed for this problem.     

An integrated module partition approach for complex products and systems based on weighted complex networks

The modularisation strategy can dramatically shorten the lead time and reduce the cost of complex products and systems (CoPS) development. Module partition is the basis of the modularisation. Because of the high technical content and multi-dimensional complexity of CoPS, the existing module partition approach cannot identify the module of CoPS effectively and efficiently. The complex network is introduced to visually represent the CoPS as their topological structures are very similar. The weights of the edges in the weighted complex network (WCN) are brought to illustrate the correlation strengths among components. An integrated approach is proposed in this article by modelling the CoPS module partition problem as the community detection problem of WCN. Firstly, the CoPS component-WCN is constructed and transformed to a multi-graph. Secondly, the modified GN algorithm is adopted to establish the community detection, namely module partition of CoPS. Finally, a module partition case example of a large tonnage crawler crane expounds that the proposed approach is effective and systematic to solve the CoPS module partition problem.